Timavo
{{Short description|River in Italy}}
The Timavo River, known in Slovene as the {{lang|sl|Timava}} or {{lang|sl|Timav}}, is a two-kilometre stream in the Province of Trieste. It has four sources near San Giovanni ({{langx|sl|Štivan}}) near Duino ({{langx|sl|Devin}}) and outflows in the Gulf of Panzano (part of the Gulf of Trieste) {{convert|3|km|mi|0}} southeast of Monfalcone ({{langx|sl|Tržič}}), Italy.
Geography
[[File:Reka-Timavo_karta.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|The Reka (solid)-Timavo (dashed) river system of the Croatian, Slovenian, and Italian Karst. Settlements:
| valign="top"|Croatia
| |valign="top"|Slovenia
| |valign="top"|Italy
|
The river has a karst character. It receives much of its water through subterranean flow from the Reka River (Slovenia), but tracer studies have shown that other sinking rivers, Vipava, Soča, and Raša also contribute. From modelling results, the Timavo is believed to receive one third of its flow from the Reka and two-thirds of its flow from infiltration of precipitation into the Karst Plateau, and to a lesser extent from the other sinking river sources.{{cite journal|author1=Civita, M.|author2=Cucchi, F.|author3=Eusabio, A.|author4=Garavoglia, S.|author5=Maranzana, F.|author6=Vigna, B.|title="The Timavo hydrogeologic system: an important reservoir of supplementary water resources to be reclaimed and protected."|journal=Acta Carsologica|volume=24|pages=169–186|date=1995|url=http://carsologica.zrc-sazu.si/Celestevilke/arhiv/ac24.pdf|access-date=2012-09-17|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234946/http://carsologica.zrc-sazu.si/Celestevilke/arhiv/ac24.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://lter.zrc-sazu.si/ProjectOverview/tabid/350/Default.aspx |title=LTER-Slovenia : Project Overview |website=Lter.zrc-sazu.si |date= |accessdate=2015-12-09 |archive-date=2015-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208140733/http://lter.zrc-sazu.si/ProjectOverview/tabid/350/Default.aspx |url-status=dead }}
History
The Roman authors Livy, Strabo, and Virgil mention the river. Virgil wrote that nine streams emerge from a mountain to form the river.Virgil Aeneid 1.244-6 A Roman settlement near the sources was called Fons Timavi. An Italian passenger liner called the Timavo ran aground during the Second World War on the east coast of South Africa near Cape Vidal. The engine of the wreck is still visible from the beach, now situated within the Isimangaliso Wetland Park.
Literature
In his 2019 work Underland, British author Robert Macfarlane tracks the source of the Timavo and discusses the history of its exploration.{{cite book |last1=Macfarlane |first1=Robert |title=Underland |date=2020 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-141-03057-9 |page=175-}}
References
{{Reflist}}
References
- Timava: skrivnostna reka, Massimo Gasparini; občina Devin Nabrežina, 2005 {{in lang|sl}}
- Timavo: esplorazioni e studi, Trieste, Societa alpina delle Giulie, 1999 {{in lang|it}}
- Reka - Timav. Podobe, zgodovina in ekologija kraške reke, Ljubljana, Mladinska knjiga, 1990 {{in lang|sl}}
External links
{{commons category|Timavo}}
- [http://www.comune.duino-aurisina.ts.it/turismo/slo/timavoslo.html Izviri Timave, spletna stran občine Devin-Nabrežina]
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|45.794|N|13.58|E|source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}
Category:Rivers of Friuli-Venezia Giulia