Timeline of Baku

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Baku, Azerbaijan.

Prior to the 20th century

12th century CE – Maiden Tower (Baku) built.
1169 – Lezgi Mosque built.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
1378 – Juma Mosque built.{{cite web |url= http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1498 |title= Baku |author=ArchNet |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121025215019/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1498 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-10-25 |author-link= ArchNet }}
1442 – Palatial mosque of Palace of the Shirvanshahs built.
1509 – Persians in power.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1578 – Ottomans in power.{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baku-pers |title=Baku |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |author1=S. Soucek |author2= R. G. Suny |publisher= Columbia University, Center for Iranian Studies |location=New York |access-date=30 March 2015}}
1603 – Persians in power again.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
1723 – Town taken by Russians.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1732 – Oil refinery in operation.{{cite book|author= M. S. Vassiliou |title=Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry |year= 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6288-3 |chapter=Chronology |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=vArc08DO9ykC |author-link=Marius Vassiliou }}
1735 – Persians in power again.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1747 – Baku Khanate established.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
1806 – Town taken by Russian forces.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1813 – Town becomes part of Russia per Gulistan Treaty.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
1817 – Cholera outbreak.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
1823 – Paraffin factory begins operating.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
1832 – "First secular Russian school" opens.
1846 – Baku becomes part of the Shemakh province.
1859
Oil refineries begin operating on the outskirts of town.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
Town becomes capital of the newly established Baku Governorate.
1860 – Population: 13,381.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1868
Tbilisi-Baku telegraph begins operating.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
Fountains Square constructed.
1875 – Ekinchi begins publication.{{cite book|author=Shirin Akiner|title=Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union |year=2010|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-14274-1}}
1878 – Iosif Dzahkerli becomes mayor.
1883 – Batum-Baku railway built.{{cite book|author=Thomas de Waal |title=The Caucasus: An Introduction |year= 2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-974620-0 |chapter=Chronology |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=6X745rS5Ci8C |page=229+ |author-link=Thomas de Waal }}
1884
{{Interlanguage link|Baku Railway Station|ru|3=Баку-Пассажирская}} built.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
Oil Extractors Congress Council established.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}
1886 – Population: 45,679.{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1890 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Russia: Principal Towns |hdl=2027/nyp.33433081590527 |title-link=Statesman's Year-Book |last1=Hunter |first1=Brian |last2=Paxton |first2=John |last3=Steinberg |first3=S. H. |last4=Epstein |first4=Mortimer |last5=Renwick |first5=Isaac Parker Anderson |last6=Keltie |first6=John Scott |last7=Martin |first7=Frederick }}
1887
Baku Polytechnicum established.
Armenian Saint Gregory the Illuminator's Church, Baku built.
1897 – Population: 112,253.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
1900 – Population: 179,133.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}

20th century

1901 – Synagogue built.{{sfn|Jewish Encyclopedia|1907}}
1902 – Baku International Sea Trade Port opens.
1903 – July: Labor strike.{{cite book|author= Firouzeh Mostashari |title=On the Religious Frontier: Tsarist Russia and Islam in the Caucasus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RBNDaEFGJrsC|year= 2006|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-85043-771-0}}{{cite book|author1=Chris Cook|author2=John Stevenson|title=Longman Handbook of Twentieth Century Europe |year=2003|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-89224-3 |chapter=Russian Revolution (chronology) |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=olmPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PR13 }}
1904
Balakhany and Bibi-Eibat Workers Organisation founded.{{cite book|author= Tadeusz Swietochowski |title=Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cozSOSsv7ZsC|year= 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52245-8|author-link=Tadeusz Swietochowski}}
City hall built.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
1905
Armenian–Tatar massacre.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
Irshad newspaper begins publication.
1907 – Batumi-Baku oil pipeline constructed.{{sfn|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}{{citation |work=Cassier's Magazine |date=November 1900 |volume=19 |title=A Russian Petroleum Pipe Line Carrying Oil from Baku to Batoum |pages=42 v |location=New York |hdl=2027/uiug.30112073488907 }}
1909 – Baku Boulevard constructed.
1910 – Phenomenon cinema built.
1912 – Philharmonic Hall built.
1913
Ismailiyya building constructed.
Population: 237,000.{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Russia: Principal Towns: Caucasia |hdl=2027/njp.32101072368440 |title-link=Statesman's Year-Book }}
1914 – Taza Pir Mosque built.
1917 – Iranian communist Edalat Party founded in Baku.{{cite book|editor=Stephanie Cronin|title=Iranian-Russian Encounters: Empires and Revolutions Since 1800|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VCTipPJdKBwC|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-62433-6 |chapter=Comintern, the Soviet Union and Labour Militancy in Interwar Iran |author=Touraj Atabaki }}
1918
March Days interethnic conflict.
September Days massacre of Armenians.
Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
1919
Baku State University founded.
Molodezh Azerbaijana newspaper begins publication.
1920
28 April: 11th Army (Soviet Union) takes city.
Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.{{cite book|editor=Igor S. Zonn|title= Caspian Sea Encyclopedia|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=fvqYSoRvAI4C&pg=PA61 |year= 2010|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-642-11524-0|display-editors=etal}}
Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra and Baku Polytechnic Institute founded.
Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater active.
Kirov raion created.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
1922
7 November: Avraamov's Symphony of Sirens performed.{{cite book|author=Adrian Curtin|title=Avant-Garde Theatre Sound: Staging Sonic Modernity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnSEAwAAQBAJ|year= 2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-32479-5}}
State Drama Theatre opens.
1923
National Library of Azerbaijan opens on Torgovaya.
Baku Theatre Technical School founded.
1925 – Baku Workers' and Peasants Theatre opens.
1928 – Theatre of Young Spectators founded.
1931 – Baku Puppet Theatre established.{{cite book|editor=Ron Rubin |title=World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre |year=1994 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-11804-3 |chapter=Azerbaijan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=klGvBAAAQBAJ |page=80 }}
1939 – Population: 809,347 metro.{{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |location = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |ol=6112221M |date = 1952 |page=146 |chapter=Baku |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/columbialippinco00selt#page/1250/mode/1up }}
1940 – Baku Museum of Education founded.
1941 – Kishlinsky district created.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
1945 – Azerbaijan State Institute for the Arts active.
1949 – Sumqayit developed near city.
1951 – Stalin Stadium opens.
1952 – Government House built.
1965 – Population: 737,000 city; 1,137,000 urban agglomeration.{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1960_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1965 |year=1966 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants }}
1967
Baku Metro begins operating.
Azerbaijan Carpet Museum established.
1979 – Population: 1,046,000.{{cite book|editor=Henry W. Morton and Robert C. Stuart |title=The Contemporary Soviet City|url=https://archive.org/details/contemporarysovi00mort |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/contemporarysovi00mort/page/4 4] |year=1984|publisher=M.E. Sharpe |location=New York |isbn=978-0-87332-248-5}}
1985 – Population: 1,693,000 (estimate).{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1980_round.htm |title=1985 Demographic Yearbook |year=1987 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=247–289 }}
1989
Azadliq newspaper begins publication.{{cite book|title=Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003|publisher=Europa Publications |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-85743-137-7 |chapter=Azerbaijan: Directory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EPP3ti4hysUC |page=121+ }}
Baku Islamic Madrasa established.{{cite book|title=Yearbook of Muslims in Europe |year= 2014|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-28305-3 |chapter=Azerbaijan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a-NTBQAAQBAJ |page=67 }}{{cite book|editor=Michael Kemper|title=Islamic Education in the Soviet Union and Its Successor States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-gWAAgAAQBAJ|year=2010|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-20731-2|display-editors=etal}}
1990
January:
Baku pogrom of Armenians.{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17047328 |title=Azerbaijan Profile: Timeline |work=BBC News |date=20 March 2012 |access-date= 30 March 2015 }}
Black January.{{cite web |author=Jahanshir Afandiyev |date=18 December 2019 |title=Black January in the World Press |url=https://milliyyet.info/2019/12/18/black-january-in-the-world-press/ |publisher=Milliyyət Araşdırmalar Mərkəzi}}
Sanan Alizade becomes mayor.
1991
City becomes capital of Azerbaijan Republic.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
1993
Rafael Allahverdiyev becomes mayor.
1994
1994 Baku Metro bombings.
Azerbaijan State Pantomime Theatre founded.
1995
October: 1995 Baku Metro fire.
2000 – 25 November: The 6.8 {{M|w|link=y}} Baku earthquake affected the region.

21st century

2001 – Hajibala Abutalybov becomes mayor.
2005 – Center for Economic and Social Development established.{{cite web |url=http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Organizations |title=Organizations |work= International Relations and Security Network |location=Switzerland |publisher=Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich |access-date= 30 March 2015 }}
2006
Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline in operation.
State Maritime Administration (Azerbaijan) headquartered in city.
2008
December: International Mugham Center of Azerbaijan opens.
2009 – Uzeyir Hajibeyov International Music Festival begins.
2010
National Flag Square opens in Bayil.
SOCAR Tower construction begins.
2012
Baku Crystal Hall built.
Heydar Aliyev Center opens.
May: Eurovision Song Contest 2012 held in city.
Population: 2,122,300.
2013
Flame Towers opens.
2014
Lycée français de Bakou opened. Ilham Aliyev and his wife participated in the opening ceremony.{{Cite web|url=https://en.president.az/articles/12876|title=Ilham Aliyev attended the opening of the French Lyceum of Baku|website=en.president.az|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19}}
2015
Baku National Stadium opens.
March: Baku Olympic Stadium opens.
June: 2015 European Games held in city.

References

This article incorporates information from the Azerbaijani Wikipedia and Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

;Published in 19th century

{{Citation |publisher = S. Converse |location = New Haven |author1 = Jedidiah Morse |author-link1=Jedidiah Morse |author2=Richard C. Morse |title = New Universal Gazetteer |date = 1823 |edition= 4th |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/newuniversalgaze00morsrich#page/74/mode/2up |chapter= Baku }}
{{cite book |title=Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia |year=1871 |edition=2nd |location=Madras |editor=Edward Balfour |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-NSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA297 |chapter= Bakoh }}
{{cite book|author=Charles Marvin |title=Baku: the Petrolia of Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pBMIAAAAQAAJ|year=1883 |location=London |publisher=R. Anderson & Co. |author-link=Charles Thomas Marvin}}
{{Citation |publisher = National Printing Office |location = Cairo |author = F. H. Trevithick |title = A Sketchy Report on the Petroleum Industry at Baku |date = 1886 |ol = 23382205M }}
{{Citation |publisher = J. Murray |location = London |title = Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland |edition=4th |date = 1888 |chapter= Baku |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=AenSXGLDulUC&pg=PA419

}}

;Published in 20th century

{{Citation |publisher = W. & R. Chambers |date = 1901 |location = London |title = Chambers's Encyclopaedia |chapter=Baku |via=HathiTrust

|hdl = 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5bc48059 |title-link = Chambers's Encyclopaedia }}

{{Citation |publisher = A. Constable & Co. |location = London |title = Baku: an Eventful History |author = James Dodds Henry

|date = 1905

|oclc = 24454390

|ol = 6972546M }}

{{citation

|title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |chapter=Baku |volume=2

|year= 1907

|chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/jewishencycloped02sing#page/465/mode/1up

| ref = {{harvid|Jewish Encyclopedia|1907}}

|title-link=Jewish Encyclopedia }}

{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Baku (town) |volume= 3 |last= Kropotkin |first= Peter Alexeivitch|author-link=Peter Kropotkin | pages = 230–231 |date=1910 |ref= {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
{{cite book

|year=1911

|chapter=(Baku) |hdl= 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3222tf2d }}

{{cite book |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |year=1913 |location=Leiden |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rezD7rvuf9YC&pg=PA609 |chapter= Baku |author=W. Barthold |publisher=Brill

|title-link=Encyclopaedia of Islam |isbn=9004097961 }}

{{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |location = Leipzig |title = Russia |chapter-url = https://archive.org/stream/russiawithtehera00baed#page/456/mode/2up |chapter= Baku |date = 1914 |oclc = 1328163 }}
{{Citation |publisher = Russian Outlook |author=William Henry Beable |date = 1919 |location = London |title = Russian Gazetteer and Guide |chapter=Baku |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/russiangazetteer00beabiala#page/52/mode/2up

}}

{{cite book |title= Ali und Nino |language=de |location=Vienna |author=Kurban Said |year=1937 |title-link=Ali and Nino |author-link=Kurban Said }} (Novel set in Baku)
Alstadt, Audrey L. The Azerbaijani Bourgeoisie and the Cultural-Enlightenment Movement in Baku: First Steps Toward Nationalism. 1983
Audrey Altstadt-Mirhadi, “Baku: Transformation of a Muslim Town,” in The City in Late Imperial Russia, ed. Michael F. Hamm (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986)
Altstadt, A., 'The Baku city duma: arena for elite conflict', Central Asian Survey, 5 (1986)

;Published in 21st century

{{cite book

|title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth

|year=2007

|publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |chapter=Baku |isbn=978-9004153882

|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC&pg=PA47

| ref = {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}

}}

{{Citation

|publisher = ABC-CLIO |location = Santa Barbara, USA |editor = Michael R.T. Dumper and Bruce E. Stanley |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa

|date = 2008

|chapter= Baku |isbn = 9781576079195 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC&pg=PA63

| ref = {{harvid|Dumper and Stanley|2008}}

}}