Tinguirirican

{{Short description|Period of geologic time}}

The Tinguirirican ({{langx|es|Tinguiririquense}}) age is a period of geologic time (36.0–29.0 Ma) within the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene epochs of the Paleogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Divisaderan and precedes the Deseadan age.[https://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayInterval&interval_no=732 Paleo Database: Tinguirirican]

Etymology

The age is named after the Tinguiririca fauna of the Abanico Formation in Chile.

Formations

{{Location map+ | South America

| relief = 1

| width = 300

| caption = Locations of Tinguirirican formations

| places =

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -5.5

| lon_deg = -78.6

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Chota Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -53.1

| lon_deg = -71.1

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Loreto Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -5.7

| lon_deg = -78.5

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = El Milagro Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -22.0

| lon_deg = -44.6

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Entre-Córregos Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = 3.1

| lon_deg = -75.2

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Gualanday Group

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -28.5

| lon_deg = -68.8

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Laguna Brava Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -14.5

| lon_deg = -75.9

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Otuma Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -2.3

| lon_deg = -80.8

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Seca Formation, Ecuador

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -13.336667

| lon_deg = -71.741111

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Soncco Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -44.4

| lon_deg = -68.8

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Sarmiento Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -35.0

| lon_deg = -70.4

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 14

| link = Abanico Formation

}}

}}

class="wikitable sortable"

! Formation
{{small|bold is type}}

! Country

! Basin

! class=unsortable | Notes

Abanico Formation - Tinguiririca fauna{{CHL}}Abanico Basin{{center|Godoy et al., 2012Muñoz et al., 2006}}
Chota Formation{{PER}}Bagua Basin{{center|Chacaltana et al., 2015, p.2Castro Medina, 2010, p.53}}
Entre-Córregos Formation{{BRA}}Aiuruoca Basin{{center|Gonçalves Pereira, 2015, p.124}}
Gualanday Group{{COL}}Central Colombian Ranges{{center|Billet et al., 2010}}
Laguna Brava Formation{{ARG}}Precordillera{{center|Vizan et al., 2013}}
Loreto Formation{{CHL}}Magallanes Basin{{center|Otero et al., 2012}}
El Milagro Formation{{PER}}Bagua Basin{{center|Castro Medina, 2010, p.56}}
Otuma Formation{{PER}}Pisco Basin{{center|De la Cruz, 2008, p.53Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.12}}
Sarmiento Formation{{ARG}}Golfo San Jorge Basin{{center|Dozo et al., 2014, p.241Acosta & Tambussi, 2005, p.128}}
Seca Formation{{ECU}}Progreso Basin{{center|Lorenzo et al., 2018, p.34}}
Soncco Formation{{PER}}Eastern Peruvian Andes{{center|Carlotto, 2016, p.522}}

{{clear}}

Fossils

class="wikitable sortable"

! Group

! Fossils

! Formation

! class=unsortable | Notes

rowspan=5 | MammalsAndemys frassinettii, A. termasi, Archaeotypotherium pattersoni, A. tinguiriricaense, Barrancatatus tinguiririquensis, Bryanpattersonia sulcidens, Chilestylops davidsoni, Eomorphippus bondi, E. neilopdykei, Eomorphippus cf. pascuali, Eoviscaccia frassinettii, Johnbell hatcheri, Klohnia charrieri, Kramadolops abanicoi, K. mckennai, Periphragnis vicentei, Pseudhyrax eutrachytheroides, P. strangulatus, Pseudoglyptodon chilensis, Santiagorothia chiliensis, Termastherium flacoensis, Trigonolophodon cf. elegans, Rhyphodon sp., Astrapotheria indet., ?Borhyaenidae indet., Indaleciinae indet., Notohippidae indet., Tardigrada indet.Abanico{{center|Wyss et al., 2018Bradham et al., 2015
Bertrand et al., 2012
[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=38072 Tinguiririca Locality Sets 1 & 2] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176207 Cachapoal] at Fossilworks.org}}
Baguatherium jaureguiiEl Milagro{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=186564 ELM 4, 1.5 km northwest of Esperanza] at Fossilworks.org}}
Colombitherium tolimenseGualanday{{center|Billet et al., 2010, p.324}}
Cynthiacetus peruvianus, Basilosauridae indet.Otuma{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=63838 Paracas Bay] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=73779 Archaeocete Valley, Otuma, AV-10] at Fossilworks.org}}
Anisotemnus distentus, Archaeotypotherium propheticus, Barrancatatus maddeni, B. rigidus, Bryanpattersonia sulcidens, Canchadelphys cristata, Clenia brevis, Eomicrobiotherium matutinum, Eomorphippus obscurus, E. pascuali, Eopachyrucos pliciferus, E. pliciformis, Hondonadia praecipitia, H. pumila, Hondonadia cf. fierroensis, Klohnia major, Kramadolops fissuratus, Leontinia ?gaudryi, Machlydotherium ater, Meteutatus percarinatus, Parutaetus chilensis, Peltephilus undulatus, Periakros ambiguus, Pilchenia antiqua, Praedens aberrans, Proargyrohyrax curanderensis, Pseudhyrax ?eutrachytheroides, Pseudoglyptodon cf. chilensis, Rhynchippus pumilus, Rosendolops ebaios, Sadypus minutus, S. aff. confluens, Santiagorothia chiliensis, Archaeutatus sp., Guilielmoscottia sp., Microbiotherium sp., Pleurostylodon sp., Proargyrohyrax sp., Prozaedyus sp., Puelia sp., Glyptatelinae indet., Hathlyacininae indet., Hegetotheriidae indet., Isotemnidae indet., Notohippidae indet., ?Pichipilidae indet., Proterotheriidae indet., Sternbergiidae indet., Stegotheriini indet.Sarmiento{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176200 La Cancha] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=186572 Barrancas Blancas] at Fossilworks.org
[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176195 Gran Barranca faunule 16] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176196 Gran Barranca faunule 17] at Fossilworks.org}}
rowspan=2 | BirdsIcadyptes salasi, Inkayacu paracasensis, Spheniscidae indet.Otuma{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=73818 Ullujaya Valley] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=100331 Bajada del Diablo] at Fossilworks.org
[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=98346 Paracas Reserve] at Fossilworks.org}}
Gruipeda dominguensis (ichnofossil)Laguna
Brava
{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=80860 Quebrada de Santa Domingo] at Fossilworks.org}}
ReptilesPterosphenus sheppardiSeca{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=48076 Ancon Pterosphenus sheppardi type locality] at Fossilworks.org}}
FishesEngraulis sp., Sardinops sp.Otuma{{center|}}
InsectsAiuruocatermes piovezanae, Cenomycetophila mineiraEntre-Corrégos{{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=156168 Aiuruoca municipality] at Fossilworks.org}}

Correlations

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 70%"

|+ Tinguirirican correlations in South America

FormationAbanicoOtumaEl MilagroSecaGualandayEntre-CórregosSarmientoMap
BasinAbanicoPiscoBaguaProgresoCentral RangesAiuruocaGolfo San Jorgealign=center rowspan=15 | {{Location map+ | South America

| relief = 1

| width = 220

| float = center

| places =

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -5.7

| lon_deg = -78.5

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = El Milagro Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -22.0

| lon_deg = -44.6

| mark = Cyan pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Entre-Córregos Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = 3.1

| lon_deg = -75.2

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Gualanday Group

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -14.5

| lon_deg = -75.9

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Otuma Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -2.3

| lon_deg = -80.8

| mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Seca Formation, Ecuador

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -44.4

| lon_deg = -68.8

| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg

| marksize = 10

| link = Sarmiento Formation

}}

{{Location map~ | South America

| lat_deg = -35.0

| lon_deg = -70.4

| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg

| marksize = 14

| link = Abanico Formation

}}

}}

{{small|Country}}{{small|{{CHL}}}}colspan=2 | {{small|{{PER}}}}{{small|{{ECU}}}}{{small|{{COL}}}}{{small|{{BRA}}}}{{small|{{ARG}}}}
Archaeotypotheriumalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Barrancatatusalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Bryanpattersoniaalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Klohniaalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Kramadolopsalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Pseudhyraxalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Pseudoglyptodonalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Santiagorothiaalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 14px
Pyrotheriaalign=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center | 14pxalign=center |align=center | 14px
Birdsalign=center |align=center | 10pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |
Reptilesalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 10pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |
Fishalign=center |align=center | 10pxalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |
Insectsalign=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center |align=center | 10pxalign=center |
EnvironmentsAlluvialShallow marineFluvialOpen marineAlluvial-fluvialLacustrineFluvio-deltaicrowspan=2 align=left | {{left|8px Tinguirirican volcanoclastics}}
{{left|8px Tinguirirican fauna}}
{{left|8px Tinguirirican insects}}
VolcanicYescolspan=5 |Yes

References

{{reflist}}

= Bibliography =

;General

  • {{citation |last1=Woodburne |first1=M.O. |author2-link=Francisco Goin |last2=Goin |first2=F.J. |last3=Bond |first3=M. |last4=Carlini |first4=A.A. |last5=Gelfo |first5=J.N. |last6=López |first6=G.M. |last7=Iglesias |first7=A. |last8=Zimicz |first8=A.N. |year=2013 |title=Paleogene Land Mammal Faunas of South America; a Response to Global Climatic Changes and Indigenous Floral Diversity |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257591980 |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=21 |pages=1–73 |doi=10.1007/s10914-012-9222-1 |accessdate=2019-02-15|hdl=11336/31253 |hdl-access=free }}

;Abanico Formation

  • {{citation |last1=Bertrand |first1=Ornella C. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Wyss |first4=André R. |year=2012 |title=Two new taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the early Oligocene Tinguiririca fauna (Chile) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262523787 |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3750 |pages=1–36 |doi=10.1206/3750.2 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Bradham |first1=Jennifer |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Wyss |first4=Andre R. |year=2015 |title=New notoungulates (Notostylopidae and basal toxodontians) from the early Oligocene Tinguiririca fauna of the Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284141601 |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3841 |pages=1–24 |doi=10.1206/3841.1 |accessdate=2019-02-13}}
  • {{citation |last1=Croft |first1=Darin A. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |last3=Wyss |first3=André R. |year=2008 |title=The Tinguiririca fauna of Chile and the early stages of "modernization" of South American mammal faunas |url=http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/publicacoes/wp-content/arquivos/Arqs%2066%20n%201%20p%20191-211%20Croft%20et%20al.pdf |journal=Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro |volume=66 |pages=191–211 |accessdate=2019-02-12 |author1-link=Darin A. Croft }}
  • {{citation |last1=Engelman |first1=Russell K. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |last3=Gans |first3=Philip |last4=Wyss |first4=André R. |author5-link=Darin A. Croft |last5=Croft |first5=Darin A. |year=2018 |title=Chlorocyon phantasma, a late Eocene borhyaenoid (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) from the Los Helados locality, Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329976567 |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3918 |pages=1–22 |doi=10.1206/3918.1 |accessdate=2019-02-11}}
  • {{citation |last=Godoy |first=Estanislao |year=2012 |title=Sobre el variable marco geotectónico de las formaciones Abanico y Farellones y sus equivalentes al sur de los 35°LS |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-48222012000400008 |journal=Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina |volume=69 |pages=570–577 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Muñoz |first1=Marcia |last2=Fuentes |first2=Francisco |last3=Vergara |first3=Mario |last4=Aguirre |first4=Luis |last5=Nyström |first5=Jan Olov |last6=Féraud |first6=Gilbert |last7=Demant |first7=Alain |year=2006 |title=Abanico East Formation: petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks behind the Cenozoic arc front in the Andean Cordillera, central Chile (33°50'S) |url=http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-02082006000100005 |journal=Revista Geológica de Chile |volume=33 |pages=109–140 |doi=10.4067/S0716-02082006000100005 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Chota Formation

  • {{citation |last1=Chacaltana |first1=César |last2=Benites Cañote |first2=Alexandra Lucytania |last3=Valdivia |first3=Waldir |last4=Chumpitaz |first4=Marco |year=2014 |title=La formación Chota en la Cuenca Bagua: Evaluación e implicancias del criterio de clasificación litoestratigráfico |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281715230 |publisher=Congreso Peruano de Geología |pages=1–4 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Entre-Córregos Formation

  • {{citation |last=Pereira |first=Karoline Gonçalves |year=2015 |title=Mirtáceas da formação Entre-Corrégos, paleógeno da bacia de Aiuruoca, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (MSc. thesis) |url=http://tede.ung.br/bitstream/123456789/635/1/KAROLINE+GON%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDALVES+PEREIRA.pdf |publisher=Universidade Guarulhos |pages=1–139 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Gualanday Group

  • {{citation |last1=Billet |first1=Guillaume |last2=Orliac |first2=Maëva |last3=Antoine |first3=Pierre-Olivier |author4-link=Carlos Jaramillo (geologist) |last4=Jaramillo |first4=Carlos |year=2010 |title=New observations and reinterpretation on the enigmatic taxon Colombitherium (?Pyrotheria, Mammalia) from Colombia |url=http://www.stri.si.edu/sites/publications/PDFs/STRI-W_Jaramillo_2010_Billet_etal_Palaeontology.pdf |journal=Palaeontology |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=319–325 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00936.x |bibcode=2010Palgy..53..319B |accessdate=2017-05-17}}

;Laguna Brava Formation

  • {{citation |last1=Vizán |first1=H. |last2=Geuna |first2=S. |last3=Melchor |first3=R. |last4=Bellosi |first4=E.S. |last5=Lagorio |first5=S.L. |last6=Vásquez |first6=C. |last7=Japas |first7=M.S. |last8=Ré |first8=G. |last9=Do Campo |first9=M. |year=2013 |title=Geological setting and paleomagnetism of the Eocene red beds of Laguna Brava Formation (Quebrada Santo Domingo, northwestern Argentina) |journal=Tectonophysics |volume=583 |pages=105–123|doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2012.10.026 |bibcode=2013Tectp.583..105V |hdl=11336/84532 |hdl-access=free }}

;Loreto Formation

  • {{citation |last1=Bostelmann |first1=Enrique |last2=Le Roux |first2=Jacobus P.|last3=Vasquez |first3=Ana |last4=Gutiérrez |first4=Nestor |last5=Oyarzún |first5=José Luis |last6=Carreño |first6=Catalina |last7=Torres |first7=Teresa |last8=Otero |first8=Rodrigo |last9=Llanos, C. Mark Fanning, Sven N. Nielsen and Francisco Hervé |first9=Andrea |year=2012 |title=A revised lithostratigraphy of the Sierra Baguales, Magallanes Basin |url=http://biblioserver.sernageomin.cl/opac/DataFiles/14127_pp_698_700.pdf |publisher=XIII Congeso Geológico Chileno |pages=698–700 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103131245/http://biblioserver.sernageomin.cl/opac/DataFiles/14127_pp_698_700.pdf |accessdate=2019-02-15|archive-date=2018-11-03 }}
  • {{citation |last1=Otero |first1=Rodrigo A. |last2=Torres |first2=Teresa |last3=Le Roux |first3=Jacobus P. |author4-link=Francisco Hervé |last4=Hervé |first4=Francisco |last5=Fanning |first5=C. Mark |last6=Yuri Yáñez |first6=Roberto E. |last7=Rubilar Rogers |first7=David |year=2012 |title=A Late Eocene age proposal for the Loreto Formation (Brunswick Peninsula, southernmost Chile), based on fossil cartilaginous fishes, paleobotany and radiometric evidence |url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/andgeol/v39n1/art09.pdf |journal=Andean Geology |volume=39 |pages=180–200 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV39N1-a09 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Sallaberry |first1=M.A. |last2=Yury Yáñez |first2=R.E. |last3=Otero |first3=R.A. |last4=Soto Acuña |first4=S. |last5=Torres |first5=T.G. |year=2010 |title=Eocene birds from the western margin of southernmost South America |url=http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/119221/Sallaberry_Michel_A.pdf?sequence=1 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=84 |issue=6 |pages=1061–1070 |doi=10.1666/09-157.1 |bibcode=2010JPal...84.1061S |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Torres |first1=T. |last2=Meón |first2=H. |last3=Otero |first3=R. |last4=Galleguillos |first4=H. |year=2009 |title=Palinoflora y macroflora de la Formación Loreto, Punta Arenas, Región de Magallanes, Chile |url=http://www.paleobotanica.uchile.cl/pdf/S12_018.pdf |publisher=XII Congreso Geológico Chileno |pages=1–4 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}

;El Milagro Formation

  • {{citation |last=Castro Medina |first=Walter Fidel |year=2010 |title=Geología, informe temático. Proyecto Zonificación Ecológica y Económica del departamento de Amazonas |url=http://iiap.org.pe/Archivos/publicaciones/PUBL521.pdf |publisher=Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) |pages=1–76 |accessdate=2018-09-04}}
  • {{citation |last1=Salas |first1=R. |last2=Sánchez |first2=J. |last3=Chacaltana |first3=C. |year=2006 |title=A new Pre-Deseadan Pyrothere (Mammalia) from northern Peru and the wear facets of molariform teeth of Pyrotheria |url=http://museohn.unmsm.edu.pe/docs/pub_pv/Salas_et_al.2006_Baguatherium_pyrothere_from_Peru.pdf |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=760–769 |doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[760:ANPPMF]2.0.CO;2 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}

;Otuma Formation

  • {{citation |last=De la Cruz |first=Aldo Alván |year=2008 |title=Geología de Ocucaje: aportes en la sedimentología y paleontología de Lomas de Ullujaya (Ica, Perú) |url=http://sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe/bibvirtualdata/publicaciones/geologia/vol11_n21/a07vol11n21.pdf |journal=Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG |volume=11 |pages=51–59 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
  • {{citation |last=Solís Mundaca |first=Flavio Alejandro |year=2018 |title=Bioestratigrafía e implicancias paleoceanográficas de las diatomeas de la sección Cerro Caucato, Formación Pisco, Ica, Peru (MSc. thesis) |url=http://repositorio.upch.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/upch/3733/Bioestratigrafia_SolisMundaca_Flavio.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |publisher=Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia |pages=1–158 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}

;Sarmiento Formation

  • {{citation |last1=Acosta Hospitaleche |first1=Carolina |last2=Tambussi |first2=Claudia |year=2005 |title=Phorusrhacidae Psilopterinae (Aves) en la Formación Sarmiento de la localidad de Gran Hondonada (Eoceno Superior), Patagonia, Argentina [Phorusrhacidae Psilopterinae (Birds) in the Sarmiento Formation from the Gran Hondonada locality (Upper Eocene), Patagonia, Argentina] |url=http://www.sepaleontologia.es/revista/anteriores/REP%20%282005%29%20vol.%2020/2/01.%20Acosta%20&%20Tambussi.pdf |journal=Revista Española de Paleontología |volume=20 |pages=127–132 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}
  • {{citation |last1=Arnal |first1=Michelle |last2=Kramarz |first2=Alejandro G. |last3=Vucetich |first3=M. Guiomar |last4=Vieytes |first4=E. Carolina |year=2014 |title=A new early Miocene octodontoid rodent (Hystricognathi, Caviomorpha) from Patagonia (Argentina) and a reassessment of the early evolution of Octodontoidea |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263555476 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=397–406 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.808203 |bibcode=2014JVPal..34..397A |hdl=11336/29748 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl-access=free }}
  • {{citation |last1=Cheme Arriaga |first1=Lucas |last2=Dozo |first2=María Teresa |last3=Gelfo |first3=Javier N. |year=2016 |title=A new Cramaucheniinae (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309370068 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=e1229672 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2017.1229672 |bibcode=2016JVPal..36E9672C |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl=11336/30386 |hdl-access=free }}
  • {{citation |last1=Dozo |first1=María Teresa |last2=Ciancio |first2=Martín |last3=Bouza |first3=Pablo |last4=Martínez |first4=Gastón |year=2014 |title=Nueva asociación de mamíferos del Paleógeno en el este de la Patagonia (provincia de Chubut, Argentina): implicancias biocronológicas y paleobiogeográficas |url=http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/andgeol/v41n1/art09.pdf |journal=Andean Geology |volume=41 |pages=224–247 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV41n1-a09 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Pérez |first1=María Encarnación |last2=Krause |first2=Marcelo |last3=Vucetich |first3=María Guiomar |year=2012 |title=A new species of Chubutomys (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from the late Oligocene of Patagonia and its implications on the early evolutionary history of Cavioidea sensu stricto |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699512000812 |journal=Geobios |volume=45 |issue=6 |pages=573–580 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2012.06.001 |bibcode=2012Geobi..45..573P |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Shockey |first1=Bruce J. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Gans |first4=Phillip |last5=Wyss |first5=André R. |year=2012 |title=New leontiniid Notoungulata (Mammalia) from Chile and Argentina : comparative anatomy, character analysis, and phylogenetic hypotheses |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232690741 |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3737 |pages=1–64 |doi=10.1206/3737.2 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
  • {{citation |last1=Sterli |first1=Juliana |last2=De la Fuente |first2=Marcelo S. |last3=Krause |first3=J. Marcelo |year=2015 |title=A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280972149 |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=174 |issue=3 |pages=519–548 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12252 |accessdate=2019-02-13|hdl=11336/41594 |hdl-access=free }}
  • {{citation |last1=Vucetich |first1=M.G. |last2=Dozo |first2=M.T. |last3=Arnal |first3=M. |last4=Pérez |first4=M.E. |year=2015 |title=New rodents (Mammalia) from the late Oligocene of Cabeza Blanca (Chubut) and the first rodent radiation in Patagonia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267629182 |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=236–257 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2014.883506 |bibcode=2015HBio...27..236V |accessdate=2019-02-13|hdl=11336/17958 |hdl-access=free }}
  • {{citation |last1=Vucetich |first1=María G. |last2=Pérez |first2=María E. |last3=Ciancio |first3=Martín R. |last4=Carlini |first4=Alfredo A. |last5=Madden |first5=Richard H. |last6=Kohn |first6=Matthew J. |year=2014 |title=A new acaremyid rodent (Caviomorpha, Octodontoidea) from Scarritt Pocket, Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Patagonia (Argentina) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262579842 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=689–698 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.804414 |bibcode=2014JVPal..34..689V |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl=11336/17973 |hdl-access=free }}
  • {{citation |last1=Wyss |first1=André R. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |year=2018 |title=New Paleogene notohippids and leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/6901 |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=3903 |pages=1–42 |hdl=2246/6901 |accessdate=2019-02-11}}

;Seca Formation

  • {{citation |last=Lorenzo |first=Erica |year=2018 |title=Correlación geoquímica entre crudos y rocas del sistema petrolero de la península de Santa Elena y el golfo de Guayaquil |url=http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/boge/v40n1/0120-0283-boge-40-01-00031.pdf |journal=Boletín de Geología |volume=40 |pages=31–42 |doi=10.18273/revbol.v40n1-2018002 |accessdate=2018-09-11}}

;Soncco Formation

  • {{citation |last=Carlotto |first=Víctor |year=2016 |title=Dataciones por trazas de fisión en los depósitos continentales terciarios de la Región de Cusco |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237205750 |publisher=XIII Congreso Peruano de Geología |pages=521–524 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

{{SALMA}}

Category:Oligocene South America

Category:Paleogene Chile