Tjokropranolo
{{short description|Indonesian politician and military officer (1924 – 1998)}}
{{Use dmy dates| date = January 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = Lieutenant general (Ret.)
| name = Tjokropranolo
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Tjokropranolo as Governor of Jakarta.jpg
| image_size =
| alt = Official portrait of Tjokropranolo
| caption =
| order =
| office = 5th Governor of Jakarta
| term_start = 29 September 1977
| term_end = 29 September 1982
{{small|Acting: 11 July – 29 September 1977}}
| predecessor = Ali Sadikin
| successor = Soeprapto
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1924|5|21| df = yes}}
| birth_place = Temanggung, Dutch East Indies
| death_date = {{death date and age|1998|7|22|1924|5|21| df = yes}}
| death_place = Jakarta, Indonesia
| nationality = Indonesian
| party = Golkar
| alma_mater = Europeesche Lagere School
| occupation = Politician
| allegiance = {{flag|Empire of Japan}}
(1942–1945)
{{flag|Indonesia}}
(1945 onwards)
| branch = 25px Homeland Defenders
(1942 – 1945)
25px Indonesian Army
(1945 onwards)
| serviceyears = 1942–1977
| rank = 20px Lieutenant General
| signature = Signature of Tjokropranolo.svg
}}
Tjokropranolo (21 May 1924 – 22 July 1998) was an Indonesian politician and former military officer who was the 8th Governor of Jakarta, serving between 1977 and 1982. During the Indonesian National Revolution, he was the assistant to Sudirman, and later wrote a biography of the commander.
Early life
Tjokoropranolo was born in Temanggung, today part of Central Java, on 21 May 1924. His father was the regent of Temanggung at the time. He studied at the Europeesche Lagere School.
Career
=Revolution=
During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Tjokropranolo joined PETA.{{cite news |last1=Raditya |first1=Iswara N. |title=Kisah Kapten Nolly Sang Gubernur DKI |url=https://tirto.id/kisah-kapten-nolly-sang-gubernur-dki-ctcP |access-date=16 March 2019 |work=tirto.id |language=id}}
In the leadup to the 1948 Madiun Affair, Tjokropranolo - then armed forces commander Sudirman's adjutant - noted that he managed to restrain Indonesian Navy and Senopati Brigade soldiers from continuing a firefight with Siliwangi Division troops when tensions flared between the groups.{{sfn|Poeze|2011|pp=115-117}} Sudirman sent Tjokropranolo as an envoy to other military officers such as Slamet Riyadi to convince them to remain loyal to the republican cause.{{sfn|Poeze|2011|p=135}} In one occasion, Tjokropranolo was sent to Senopati Division commander Soediarto whom he failed to convince, resulting in him being arrested though he managed to escape. Soediarto was later removed from his post.{{sfn|Poeze|2011|p=244}}
=Post-war=
After the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1949, Tjokropranolo took part in the defeat of several rebellions including the Legion of the Just Ruler, the Makassar Uprising and rebellion of the Republic of South Maluku, in addition to the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation and the 30 September movement.
Between 1970 and 1974, as a major general, Tjokropranolo served as the personal assistant on security to President Suharto, in addition to being his secretary for military affairs and security coordinator.{{cite news |title=Tiga Puluh Tahun Tragedi Malari |url=http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0401/17/utama/807183.htm |access-date=21 March 2019 |work=KOMPAS |date=17 January 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080106080610/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0401/17/utama/807183.htm |archive-date=2008-01-06 |language=id}} Tjokropranolo was also appointed as the president of the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association (Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia, IPSI) on 1973, and for a second four-year term in 1977.{{cite book |last1=Wilson |first1=Lee |title=Martial Arts and the Body Politic in Indonesia |date=2015 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789004289352 |pages=44–45|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vnu9BwAAQBAJ |language=en}} He also served as Jakarta governor Ali Sadikin's assistant for some time.
=Governor=
In 1977, Tjokropranolo was elected as the Governor of Jakarta to replace Ali Sadikin by the Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council, winning 32 out of 40 votes.{{cite book |last1=Gunawan |first1=Restu |title=Gagalnya sistem kanal: pengendalian banjir Jakarta dari masa ke masa |date=2010 |publisher=Penerbit Buku Kompas |isbn=9789797094836 |page=106 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UcXXmiFdP1QC |language=id}} He was sworn in as the acting Governor of Jakarta on 11 July 1977. Soon after he was sworn into office, the metropolitan rail system for Jabodetabek was reopened.{{cite news |title=Jakarta, 1945 hingga Kini |url=https://arsip-interaktif.kompas.id/gubernur_jakarta |access-date=16 March 2019 |work=KOMPAS |language=id |archive-date=22 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022184537/https://arsip-interaktif.kompas.id/gubernur_jakarta |url-status=dead }} He was later made the definitive governor on 29 September.{{cite web |title=Tjokropranolo |url=http://encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id/post/Tjokropranolo |website=encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id |publisher=Jakarta Tourism |access-date=17 March 2019 |language=id}}
=Later years=
After the end of his term, he became a commissioner at Bank Tani Nasional.{{cite news |title=Tjokropranolo |url=https://store.tempo.co/foto/detail/P2901200700089/tjokropranolo#.XJQpfKSnyaM |access-date=22 March 2019 |work=store.tempo.co |language=id}} In 1992, he published a biography of Soedirman, which included his personal experiences with the general.{{cite book |title=Pacific Research: A Periodical of the Peace Research Centre, Australian National University |date=1996 |publisher=The Centre |page=94 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DW8WAQAAIAAJ |language=en}} He died in Jakarta on 22 July 1998.
References
=Footnotes=
{{Reflist}}
=Bibliography=
:{{cite book |last1=Poeze |first1=Harry A. |title=Madiun 1948: PKI Bergerak |date=2011 |publisher=Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia |isbn=9789794617809 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdOLDAAAQBAJ |language=id}}
{{Governors of Jakarta}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Members of Pembela Tanah Air