Tlaxco, Tlaxcala
{{For|the municipality in Puebla|Tlaxco Municipality, Puebla}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name =
|name = Tlaxco
|other_name =
|native_name =
|nickname =
|settlement_type = Municipality
|motto =
|image_skyline = Panoramica de Tlaxco.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = The town and municipal seat of Tlaxco
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal = EscudodeTlaxco.jpg
|seal_size = 70px
|image_shield =
|shield_size =
|city_logo =
|citylogo_size =
|image_map = Mexico Tlaxcala Tlaxco location map.svg
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Location in Tlaxcala
|pushpin_map = Mexico#Mexico Tlaxcala
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Mexico
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}}
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Tlaxcala}}
|seat_type = Seat
|seat = Tlaxco
|government_footnotes ={{cite web |url=http://tlaxco.gob.mx/ |title=H. Ayuntamiento de Tlaxco 2017-2021 |publisher=Government of Tlaxco |accessdate=17 November 2017}}
|government_type =
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Armando Flores López
|established_title = Established
|established_date = 29 August 1945
|area_footnotes ={{cite web |url=http://www.snim.rami.gob.mx/ |language=es |title=Sistema Nacional de Información Municipal |publisher=SEGOB |date=2010 |accessdate=17 November 2017}}
|area_total_km2 =575
|area_land_km2 =
|area_water_km2 =
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_land_sq_mi =
|area_water_sq_mi =
|area_water_percent =
|area_urban_km2 =
|area_urban_sq_mi =
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_metro_sq_mi =
|area_blank1_title =
|area_blank1_km2 =
|area_blank1_sq_mi =
|population_as_of = 2010 Census
|population_footnotes = {{cite web |url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/zap/datGenerales.aspx?entra=nacion&ent=29&mun=034 |title=Tlaxco: Datos generales |language=es |website=Cédulas de información municipal |publisher=SEDESOL |date=2013 |accessdate=17 November 2017}}
|population_total = 39939
|pop_est_as_of = 2015 Intercensal Survey
|pop_est_footnotes = {{cite book |url=http://internet.contenidos.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/Productos/prod_serv/contenidos/espanol/bvinegi/productos/nueva_estruc/inter_censal/panorama/702825082413.pdf |title=Panorama sociodemográfico de Tlaxcala 2015 |page=116 |publisher=INEGI |date=2016 |accessdate=17 November 2017 |isbn=978-607-739-870-7}}
|population_est = 42536
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_blank1_title = Seat
|population_blank1 = 14806
|timezone = Central
|utc_offset = -6
|coordinates = {{coord|19|36|50|N|98|07|07|W|region:MX|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_point = of seat
|elevation_m = 2553
|elevation_max_m = 3360
|elevation_max_point = Cerro Peñas Coloradas
|postal_code_type = Postal code of seat
|postal_code = 90250
|area_code_type = Area code
|area_code = 241
|website = [http://tlaxco.gob.mx/ Official website]
}}
Tlaxco (Nahuatl: "place of the ball game"{{cite web |url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM29tlaxcala/index.html |title=Tlaxco |language=es |website=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México |publisher=INAFED |accessdate=17 November 2017}}) is a town and its surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Tlaxcala.
Geography
The municipality of Tlaxco is located in northern Tlaxcala on the border with Hidalgo and Puebla. From east to west on its northern side, it borders the municipalities of Ixtacamaxtitlán and Chignahuapan in Puebla, and Almoloya and Apan in Hidalgo. From east to west on its southern side, it borders the Tlaxcalan municipalities of Emiliano Zapata, Lázaro Cárdenas, Tetla de la Solidaridad, Atlangatepec, Muñoz de Domingo Arenas, Hueyotlipan and Benito Juárez. Tlaxco is Tlaxcala's largest municipality: it covers an area of {{convert|575|km2}} and comprises 14.40% of the state's area.
Situated in the Mexican Altiplano, Tlaxco lies at an average altitude of {{convert|2540|m}} above sea level. The western and central parts of the municipality are relatively flat, while the northern and eastern parts of the municipality feature more rugged terrain. The highest point in the municipality is the Cerro Peñas Coloradas located at {{coord|19.6653|N|98.0531|W|region:MX|display=inline}} with an elevation of {{convert|3360|m}} above sea level. The Zahuapan River and its tributaries drain the central-eastern part of the municipality.{{cite web |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/geo/contenidos/topografia/compendio.aspx |title=Compendio de Información Geográfica Municipal 2010: Tlaxco, Tlaxcala |publisher=INEGI |accessdate=17 November 2017}} There are also two reservoirs in the municipality, Lázaro Cárdenas in the extreme east and El Muerto in the west. Agricultural land comprises 65.43% of the municipality. Soils in the municipality include cambisols, fluvisols, lithosols, gleysols and andosols.
Tlaxco's climate is temperate sub-humid with the warmest months being March through May. June through September are the months with the most rain. Average annual precipitation ranges between 600 and 900 millimetres.
{{Weather box
| location = Tlaxco weather station at {{coord|19|35|33|N|98|07|32|W|region:MX|display=inline}}, 2489 m above sea level (1951–2010)
| metric first = yes
| single line = Yes
| collapsed = yes
| Jan record high C = 30.0
| Feb record high C = 33.0
| Mar record high C = 34.0
| Apr record high C = 36.0
| May record high C = 37.5
| Jun record high C = 40.0
| Jul record high C = 30.0
| Aug record high C = 30.0
| Sep record high C = 29.0
| Oct record high C = 30.5
| Nov record high C = 30.0
| Dec record high C = 41.0
| year record high C = 41.0
| Jan high C = 22.0
| Feb high C = 23.4
| Mar high C = 25.6
| Apr high C = 26.4
| May high C = 25.8
| Jun high C = 23.6
| Jul high C = 22.6
| Aug high C = 22.8
| Sep high C = 22.0
| Oct high C = 22.0
| Nov high C = 22.3
| Dec high C = 21.8
| year high C = 23.4
| Jan mean C = 11.7
| Feb mean C = 12.8
| Mar mean C = 14.9
| Apr mean C = 16.3
| May mean C = 16.5
| Jun mean C = 16.1
| Jul mean C = 15.0
| Aug mean C = 15.0
| Sep mean C = 14.9
| Oct mean C = 14.0
| Nov mean C = 12.9
| Dec mean C = 11.9
| year mean C = 14.3
| Jan low C = 1.5
| Feb low C = 2.3
| Mar low C = 4.3
| Apr low C = 6.1
| May low C = 7.3
| Jun low C = 8.5
| Jul low C = 7.4
| Aug low C = 7.2
| Sep low C = 7.8
| Oct low C = 5.9
| Nov low C = 3.5
| Dec low C = 2.1
| year low C = 5.3
| Jan record low C = -9.0
| Feb record low C = -9.0
| Mar record low C = -6.0
| Apr record low C = -6.0
| May record low C = -2.0
| Jun record low C = -1.0
| Jul record low C = 0.0
| Aug record low C = 0.0
| Sep record low C = -3.5
| Oct record low C = -8.0
| Nov record low C = -9.0
| Dec record low C = -8.0
| year record low C = -9.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 11.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 8.9
| Mar precipitation mm = 13.8
| Apr precipitation mm = 41.6
| May precipitation mm = 72.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 127.4
| Jul precipitation mm = 124.2
| Aug precipitation mm = 120.9
| Sep precipitation mm = 110.2
| Oct precipitation mm = 60.1
| Nov precipitation mm = 15.0
| Dec precipitation mm = 6.7
| year precipitation mm = 712.6
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 1.8
| Feb precipitation days = 2.2
| Mar precipitation days = 3.3
| Apr precipitation days = 7.5
| May precipitation days = 11.1
| Jun precipitation days = 14.6
| Jul precipitation days = 16.2
| Aug precipitation days = 16.0
| Sep precipitation days = 14.5
| Oct precipitation days = 8.0
| Nov precipitation days = 3.3
| Dec precipitation days = 1.8
| year precipitation days = 100.3
| source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional{{cite web
| url = http://200.4.8.24/tools/RESOURCES/Normales5110/NORMAL29032.TXT
| title = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS
| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
| language = es
| accessdate = 17 November 2017}}
}}
History
Although minor settlements have been found in the Tlaxco area dating back to the Texoloc phase or Middle Formative period, sedentary settlement of the area properly began in the Tezoquipan phase or Late Formative period by proto-Teotihuacan peoples who share elements of the Tezoquipan culture. From 650 to 850 AD, northern Tlaxcala experienced a period of political instability known as the Acopinalco Complex, during which many different cultural groups competed for control over the area. By 900 AD a group of Huastec or Otomi people had prevailed, and subsequent cultural homogenization resulted in formation of the Tlaxco culture which would later become associated with the city of Tliliuhquitepec.
Franciscans had arrived in Tlaxco by 1614, which was then part of the municipality of Atlangatepec. After 1820 Tlaxco began to exist as a separate administrative division of Tlaxcala, with only minor interruptions. By the end of the 19th century, Tlaxco had become an important centre for the production of pulque. Porfirio Díaz visited Tlaxco in January 1894 and inaugurated the municipal palace. The modern municipality of Tlaxco was established on 29 August 1945 with the publication of the Organic Law of Municipalities in the State of Tlaxcala. In 1956 a highway linking Apizaco and Chignahuapan via Tlaxco was completed.
Administration
The municipal government comprises a president, a councillor (Spanish: síndico), and seven trustees (regidores) elected by proportional representation. The current president of the municipality is Gardenia Hernández Rodríguez.
Demographics
In the 2010 Mexican Census, the municipality of Tlaxco recorded a population of 39,939 inhabitants living in 9356 households.{{cite web |url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/catloc/LocdeMun.aspx?tipo=clave&campo=loc&ent=29&mun=034 |title=Resumen municipal: Municipio de Tlaxco |language=es |website=Catálogo de Localidades |publisher=SEDESOL |accessdate=17 November 2017}} It recorded a population of 42,536 inhabitants in the 2015 Intercensal Survey.
There are 155 localities in the municipality, two of which are classified as urban:
- Tlaxco, the municipal seat, which recorded a population of 14,806 inhabitants in the 2010 Census, and was designated a pueblo mágico by Mexico's Secretariat of Tourism in 2015;{{cite web |url=http://www.sectur.gob.mx/gobmx/pueblos-magicos/tlaxco-tlaxcala/ |title=Tlaxco, Tlaxcala |publisher=SECTUR |date=16 March 2016 |accessdate=17 November 2017}} and
- San José Atotonilco, which had 3220 inhabitants in 2010.
Economy
The main economic activity in Tlaxco is agriculture. The gross domestic product of the municipality was unofficially estimated at 1176.1 million Mexican pesos in 2010.{{cite journal |last1=González-Estrada |first1=Adrián |last2=Gallegos-Cedillo |first2=Gilberto |date=2014 |title=The gross domestic product of municipalities of Mexico: II. Estates M-Z |url=http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/remexca/v5n8/v5n8a6.pdf |journal=Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas |volume=5 |issue=8 |pages=1405–1421 |accessdate=17 November 2017}}
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Commons category|Tlaxco Municipality}}
{{Tlaxcala}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Municipalities of Tlaxcala
Category:1945 establishments in Mexico