Tlumach

In Polish and Ukrainian the word means interpreter of the one who explains the meaning of words. Possibly it was named by the White Croats that once inhibited the area.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}

File:03723-Tlumacz-1903-Kirche und Mickiewicz-Platz-Brück & Sohn Kunstverlag.jpg

From the First Partition of Poland in 1772 until 1918, the town (named Tłumacz) was part of the Austrian monarchy (Austria side after the compromise of 1867), head of the district with the same name, one of the 78 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Austrian Galicia province (Crown land) in 1900.Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm KLEIN, 1967 A post-office was opened in 1858.Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850–1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.

{{Historical populations|1921|5788|1931|6836|2022|8689

|source={{cite book|author=|title=Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego|volume=X|year=1932|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=195}}}}

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary the town briefly became part of the Western Ukrainian Republic before returning to Poland when Poland repulsed the invading Red Army. The Peace of Riga in 1921, confirmed the Polish possession of Galicia. Tłumacz was the seat of a Powiat (district) in the Second Polish Republic. In 1921, its population was around 5,000, consisting 3,319 Poles, 1,395 Jews, 999 Ukrainians.{{cite web|url=http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/tlumach/tlumach.html|publisher=shtetlinks.jewishgen.org|title=ShtetLinks Page – Tlumach |accessdate=2017-07-15}} The Ukrainians dominated in the villages around the town.

Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied by the Soviet Union until 1941, then by Germany until 1944, and re-occupied by the Soviet Union, which annexed it from Poland in 1945. The Germans, with the assistance of local Ukrainians, murdered the Jews.{{cite web|url=http://yahadmap.org/UKR%2034%20http://www.yahadinunum.org/blog/our-work/ukraine-trip-34-october-25-november-10-2012/?lang=en#village/tlumach-tlumacz-ivano-frankivsk-ukraine.643|publisher=yahadmap.org|title=Ukraine trip 34: October 25 to November 10, 2012|accessdate=2017-07-15}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} Only about 30 Jews survived.{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |pages=839–841}} Poles who survived the war were forced by the Soviets to leave Tlumacz after 1945. Most of them settled in Lower Silesia; they organized themselves into the Association of Inhabitants of Tlumacz, which is located in Wrocław.

Until 18 July 2020, Tlumach was the administrative center of Tlumach Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tlumach Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion.{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=Ukrainian}}

;Local orientation

{{Geographic Location (8-way)

| Northwest = Nadorozhna

| North = Palahychi
Lokitka

| Northeast = Popeliv

| West = Kolintsi
Pshenychnyky

| Centre = Tlumach

| East = Honcharivka

| Southwest = Hrynivtsi

| South = Korolivka
Melnyky

| Southeast = Hrushka
Tarasivka}}

;Regional orientation

{{Geographic Location (8-way)

| Northwest = Yezupil
Tysmenytsia

| North = Monastyryska
(Ternopil Oblast)

| Northeast = Koropets
(Ternopil Oblast)

| West = Ivano-Frankivsk

| Centre = Tlumach

| East = Chernelytsia

| Southwest = Otynia

| South = Kolomyia

| Southeast = Obertyn
Horodenka}}

• Stanislaw Bober – Polish photographer and painter
• Maria Dawska – Polish painter
• Ostap Ortwin – Polish journalist and literary critic
• Shalom Streit – Hebrew-language writer and literary critic
• Jozef Woroszczak – Polish politician

{{reflist}}

• [https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/tlumach/tlumach.html Jewish references for Tlumach] in [https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org JewishGen]

{{Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast

Category:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine

Category:Cities of district significance in Ukraine

Category:Holocaust locations in Ukraine