Toby Gibson

{{short description|British biochemist}}

{{For|the boxer|Tolman Gibson}}

{{Infobox scientist

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| name = Toby Gibson

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| birth_name = Toby James Gibson

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| fields = Computational biology
Bioinformatics
Short linear motifs
Protein interactions
Sequence alignment

| workplaces = Laboratory of Molecular Biology
European Molecular Biology Laboratory

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| alma_mater = University of Edinburgh (BSc)
University of Cambridge (PhD)

| thesis_title = Studies on the Epstein-Barr virus genome

| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.352786

| thesis_year = 1984

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| known_for = Clustal{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Julie D.|last2=Higgins|first2=Desmond G.|author-link2=Desmond G. Higgins|last3=Gibson|first3=Toby J.|title=CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|volume=22|issue=22|year=1994|pages=4673–4680|issn=0305-1048|doi=10.1093/nar/22.22.4673|pmid=7984417 |pmc=308517 }}

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| website = {{URL|https://www.embl.de/research/units/scb/gibson}}

}}Toby James Gibson is a group leader and biochemist at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Heidelberg{{Google scholar id}}{{EuropePMC}} known for his work on Clustal.{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=J.|title=The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|volume=25|issue=24|year=1997|pages=4876–4882|issn=1362-4962|doi=10.1093/nar/25.24.4876|pmid= 9396791 |pmc=147148 }} According to Nature, Gibson's co-authored papers describing Clustal{{Cite journal

| last1 = Thompson | first1 = J. D.

| last2 = Higgins | first2 = D. G.

| last3 = Gibson | first3 = T. J. |author-link3= Toby Gibson

| title = CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice

| journal = Nucleic Acids Research

| volume = 22

| issue = 22

| pages = 4673–4680

| year = 1994

| pmid = 7984417

| pmc = 308517

| doi=10.1093/nar/22.22.4673

}} are among the top ten most highly cited scientific papers of all time.{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/514550a| pmid = 25355343| title = The top 100 papers: Nature explores the most-cited research of all time| journal = Nature| volume = 514| issue = 7524| pages = 550–3| year = 2014| last1 = Van Noorden | first1 = R. | last2 = Maher | first2 = B. | last3 = Nuzzo | first3 = R.|author3-link= Regina Nuzzo | doi-access = free}}