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Tokyo Metro Tozai Line

{{Short description|Subway line in Japan}}

{{More citations needed|date=March 2010}}

{{Infobox rail line

| box_width =

| name = Tokyo Metro Tozai Line

| other_name = T

| linenumber = 5

| native_name = 東京メトロ東西線

| native_name_lang = ja

| color = {{rcr|Tokyo Metro|Tozai}}

| mapcolor = {{rcb|Tokyo Metro|T|box}} Sky blue (#{{rcr|Tokyo Metro|T}})

| logo = Logo of Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line.svg

| logo_width = 50px

| image = Tokyo-Metro Series15000-15013.jpg

| image_width =

| caption = A Tozai Line 15000 series train

| system = Tokyo subway

| status =

| locale = Tokyo, Chiba prefectures

| start = {{STN|Nakano|x|Tokyo}} or {{STN|Mitaka|x}}

| end = {{STN|Nishi-Funabashi|x}} or {{STN|Tsudanuma|x}} or {{STN|Toyo-Katsutadai|x}}

| stations = 23

| routes =

| daily_ridership = 1,642,378 (2017)[http://www.train-media.net/report/1110/metro.pdf Tokyo Metro station ridership in 2017] Train Media (sourced from Tokyo Metro) Retrieved July 23, 2018.

| open = {{start date and age|1964|12|23|df=y}}

| close =

| owner = {{ric|Tokyo Metro|name=y}}

| operator = Tokyo Metro

| character =

| depot = Fukagawa, Gyōtoku

| stock = Tokyo Metro 05/05N series
Tokyo Metro 07 series
Tokyo Metro 15000 series
Tōyō Rapid 2000 series
JR East E231-800 series

| linelength = {{cvt|30.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| tracklength =

| tracks = Double-track

| gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}}

| electrification = {{1,500 V DC}} (overhead line)

| speed = {{cvt|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}

| minradius = {{cvt|200|m|ft}}

| trainprotection = New CS-ATC

| maxincline = 4.0%

| elevation =

| map = {{Tozai Line (Tokyo Metro)|inline=yes}}

| map_state = collapsed

}}

File:Tokyo Metro Tozai Line train pulling into Waseda Station 2015 3 25.webm in 2015]]

The {{Nihongo|Tokyo Metro Tozai Line|東京メトロ東西線|Tōkyō Metoro Tōzai-sen}} is a rapid transit line in Tokyo and Chiba Prefecture, Japan, owned and operated by Tokyo Metro. Its name translates to "East-West Line". The line runs between Nakano in Nakano-ku, Tokyo and Nishi-Funabashi in Funabashi, Chiba Prefecture. The Tōzai Line was referred to as Line 5 during the planning stages; the seldom-used official name is {{Nihongo|Line 5 Tōzai Line|5号線東西線|Go-gō-sen Tōzai-sen}}. The line carries an average of 1,642,378 passengers daily (2017), making it the busiest line on the Tokyo Metro network. On maps, diagrams and signboards, the Tōzai Line is shown using the color "sky blue" and its stations are given numbers using the letter "T".

Overview

The line runs through central Tokyo from east to west via Takadanobaba, Waseda, Ōtemachi, Nihombashi, Kiba and Urayasu. It was opened as a bypass route for the Chuo Rapid Line and the Sobu Line, which were heavily congested at the time. It is the only Tokyo Metro line to extend into Chiba Prefecture (although the Shinjuku Line operated by Toei also extends into Chiba Prefecture.) It also runs above-ground for {{Convert|14|km|abbr=on}} from {{STN|Minami-Sunamachi|x}} to {{STN|Nishi-Funabashi|x}}, nearly half of the line and longer than any other railway line in the Tokyo subway network.

The Tōzai Line features through services at both ends of the line. Trains run onto the JR East Chūō-Sōbu Line for {{STN|Mitaka|x}} at the western (Nakano) end, and onto either the Chūō-Sōbu Line for {{STN|Tsudanuma|x}} or the Tōyō Rapid Railway Line for {{STN|Tōyō-Katsutadai|x}} at the eastern (Nishi-Funabashi) end.

According to the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation in 2018, the Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line continues to be most crowded subway line in Tokyo, and the most crowded train line in all of Japan, with its peak running at 199% capacity{{Ref label|notes1|a|}} between {{STN|Kiba|x}} and {{STN|Monzen-Nakachō|x}} stations.Metropolis, [http://archive.metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/794/page2.asp "Commute", June 12, 2009, p. 07.] Capacity is defined as all passengers having a seat or a strap or door railing to hold on to.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001299797.pdf|title=Amount and a congestion rate of passengers who got on|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920002726/https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001299797.pdf|archive-date=2019-09-20}} Women-only cars were introduced on the line for use during morning rush hour on November 20, 2006.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, peak ridership dropped from a rate of 199% in 2019 to 123% in 2020.

History

{{More citations needed section|date=May 2022}}

The Tōzai Line was planned by a review committee of the then Ministry of Transportation in 1962 and numbered Line 5. Its name literally means "East-West Line", and it was primarily planned to relieve traffic on the busy Sōbu Main Line as well as provide a straight crosstown connection through north-central Tokyo. Although this corridor is also served by the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation (Toei) Shinjuku Line and JR Keiyō Line, the Tōzai Line continues to operate beyond capacity due to its accessibility to other lines, as well as to growing condominium developments in eastern Tokyo.

The {{STN|Takadanobaba|x}} to {{STN|Kudanshita|x}} section opened in 1964,{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/profile/history/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605063443/https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/profile/history/index.html |archive-date=2023-06-05 |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=tokyometro.jp}} and the remainder opened in stages until its completion in 1969. Through service with the then Japanese National Railways (today part of the JR Group) – a first for a Tokyo subway line – began in 1969 connecting the Chūō and Sōbu lines. This is a rare situation in Tokyo, as the only other subway line with through services onto JR lines is the Chiyoda Line.

The Tōyō Rapid Railway Line, effectively an eastward extension of the line, opened in 1996. It nevertheless remains a private entity to which the Tōzai lines offers through services.

=Chronology=

  • March 16, 1966: The line is extended at both ends. It now runs between Nakano and Takebashi.
  • April 28, 1966: Through service to the Chūō Line of JNR commences as far as Ogikubo.
  • October 1, 1966: Takebashi to Ōtemachi section opens.
  • September 14, 1967: Ōtemachi to Tōyōchō section opens.
  • March 29, 1969: Tōyōchō to Nishi-Funabashi section opens and Rapid service begins (non-stop between Tōyōchō and Nishi-Funabashi).
  • April 8, 1969: Through service on the Chūō Line is extended to Mitaka, and through service begins on the Sōbu line to Tsudanuma.
  • April 8, 1972: Through service on the Sōbu Line is withdrawn except during rush hours.
  • 1975: Another type of Rapid service is introduced, calling at Urayasu between Tōyōchō and Nishi-Funabashi.
  • October 1, 1979: Nishi-Kasai station opens.
  • March 27, 1981: Minami-Gyōtoku station opens.
  • 1986: Commuter Rapid service is introduced, running non-stop between Urayasu and Nishi-Funabashi.
  • (April 1, 1987: JNR is privatised. The Chūō and Sōbu lines become the property of JR East.)
  • 1996: The Rapid service that runs non-stop between Tōyōchō and Nishi-Funabashi ceases.
  • April 27, 1996: Tōyō Rapid Line opens between Nishi-Funabashi and Tōyō-Katsutadai. Through service begins.
  • January 22, 2000: Myōden station opens.
  • April 1, 2004: Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA or Eidan) becomes Tokyo Metro.{{Cite web |date=2006-07-08 |title=「営団地下鉄」から「東京メトロ」へ |trans-title=From "Teito Rapid Transit Authority" to "Tokyo Metro" |url=https://www.tokyometro.jp/news/s2004/2004-06.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516041232/http://www.tokyometro.jp/news/s2004/2004-06.html |archive-date=16 May 2012 |access-date=29 May 2022 |website=Tokyo Metro Online |language=ja}}
  • November 20, 2006: Women-only cars are introduced during morning rush hours.

Services

The Tōzai Line was the first Tokyo Metro line on which express services run: two types of rapid trains skip some stations east of Toyocho. The Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line began services on June 14, 2008, and also features express services.

Through services to {{STN|Mitaka|x}} via the JR East Chūō Line and {{STN|Tōyō-Katsutadai|x}} via the Tōyō Rapid Railway run all day. Outside of rush hours, only local trains run through to the Chūō Line and only rapid trains run through to the Tōyō Rapid Railway. During the morning and evening peak periods, through services run to {{STN|Tsudanuma|x}} via the JR East Sōbu Line.

Station list

  • Local trains stop at every station. Rapid trains stop at stations marked "●" and do not stop at those marked "｜". Some weekday westbound trains do not stop at stations marked "↑".

class="wikitable" rules="all"
rowspan="2"|No.

!rowspan="2"|Station

!rowspan="2"|Japanese

!colspan="2"|Distance (km)

!rowspan="2"|Comm. Rapid

!rowspan="2"|Rapid

!rowspan="2"|Transfers

!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|Location

Between
stations

!From Nakano

colspan="10" align="center"|↑ Through-services to/from {{STN|Mitaka|x}} via the {{JRLS|JB}} Chūō-Sōbu Line ↑
{{TSSN|T|01|40}}

|{{STN|Nakano|x|Tokyo}}

|中野Nakano is shared by Tokyo Metro and JR East; JR East manages the station.

| style="text-align:right;"| –

| style="text-align:right;" |0.0

| style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;" |●

| style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;" |●

|{{Plainlist|

}}

|Nakano

| rowspan="17" style="text-align:center; width:1em; line-height:3;" |Tokyo

{{TSSN|T|02|40}}

|{{STN|Ochiai|x|Tokyo}}

|落合

|style="text-align:right;"|2.0

|style="text-align:right;"|2.0

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

|rowspan="4"|Shinjuku

{{TSSN|T|03|40}}

|{{STN|Takadanobaba|x}}

|高田馬場

|style="text-align:right;"|1.9

|style="text-align:right;"|3.9

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|

}}

{{TSSN|T|04|40}}

|{{STN|Waseda|x|Tokyo Metro}}

|早稲田

|style="text-align:right;"|1.7

|style="text-align:right;"|5.6

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{ric|Toei|TA|name=y}} ({{STN|Waseda|x|Toden}})Both the Tokyo Metro and Toei stations are displayed on station maps as being distant from one another, and they are not announced as transfer points for one another.

{{TSSN|T|05|40}}

|{{STN|Kagurazaka|x}}

|神楽坂

|style="text-align:right;"|1.2

|style="text-align:right;"|6.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

{{TSSN|T|06|40}}

|{{STN|Iidabashi|x}}

|飯田橋

|style="text-align:right;"|1.2

|style="text-align:right;"|8.0

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|

  • {{TSLS|N}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|N}} (N-10)
  • {{TSLS|Y}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|Y}} (Y-13)
  • {{TSLS|E}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|E}} (E-06)
  • {{JRLS|JB}} Chūō-Sōbu Line

}}

|rowspan="4"|Chiyoda

{{TSSN|T|07|40}}

|{{STN|Kudanshita|x}}

|九段下

|style="text-align:right;"|0.7

|style="text-align:right;"|8.7

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|

  • {{TSLS|Z}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|Z}} (Z-06)
  • {{TSLS|S}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|S}} (S-05)

}}

{{TSSN|T|08|40}}

|{{STN|Takebashi|x}}

|竹橋

|style="text-align:right;"|1.0

|style="text-align:right;"|9.7

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

{{TSSN|T|09|40}}

|{{STN|Ōtemachi|x|Tokyo}}

|大手町

|style="text-align:right;"|1.0

|style="text-align:right;"|10.7

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|* {{TSLS|M}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|M}} (M-18)

  • {{TSLS|C}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|C}} (C-11)
  • {{TSLS|Z}} Hanzōmon Line (Z-08)
  • {{TSLS|I}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|I}} (I-09)}}
{{TSSN|T|10|40}}

|{{STN|Nihombashi|x}}

|日本橋

|style="text-align:right;"|0.8

|style="text-align:right;"|11.5

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|

  • {{TSLS|G}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|G}} (G-11)
  • {{TSLS|A}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|A}} (A-13)

}}

|rowspan="2"|Chūō

{{TSSN|T|11|40}}

|{{STN|Kayabachō|x}}

|茅場町

|style="text-align:right;"|0.5

|style="text-align:right;"|12.0

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{TSLS|H}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|H}} (H-13)

{{TSSN|T|12|40}}

|{{STN|Monzen-Nakachō|x}}

|門前仲町

|style="text-align:right;"|1.8

|style="text-align:right;"|13.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{TSLS|E}} Ōedo Line (E-15)

|rowspan="4"|Kōtō

{{TSSN|T|13|40}}

|{{STN|Kiba|x}}

|木場

|style="text-align:right;"|1.1

|style="text-align:right;"|14.9

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

{{TSSN|T|14|40}}

|{{STN|Tōyōchō|x}}

|東陽町

|style="text-align:right;"|0.9

|style="text-align:right;"|15.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

{{TSSN|T|15|40}}

|{{STN|Minami-Sunamachi|x}}

|南砂町

|style="text-align:right;"|1.2

|style="text-align:right;"|17.0

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

{{TSSN|T|16|40}}

|{{STN|Nishi-Kasai|x}}

|西葛西

|style="text-align:right;"|2.7

|style="text-align:right;"|19.7

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

|rowspan="2"|Edogawa

{{TSSN|T|17|40}}

|{{STN|Kasai|x}}The local train stops to let the Rapid pass at this station.

|葛西

|style="text-align:right;"|1.2

|style="text-align:right;"|20.9

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

{{TSSN|T|18|40}}

|{{STN|Urayasu|x|Chiba}}

|浦安

|style="text-align:right;"|1.9

|style="text-align:right;"|22.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

| 

|Urayasu

|style="text-align:center; width:1em;" rowspan="6"|Chiba

{{TSSN|T|19|40}}

|{{STN|Minami-Gyōtoku|x}}

|南行徳

|style="text-align:right;"|1.2

|style="text-align:right;"|24.0

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|↑

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

|rowspan="3"|Ichikawa

{{TSSN|T|20|40}}

|{{STN|Gyōtoku|x}}

|行徳

|style="text-align:right;"|1.5

|style="text-align:right;"|25.5

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|↑

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

{{TSSN|T|21|40}}

|{{STN|Myōden|x}}

|妙典

|style="text-align:right;"|1.3

|style="text-align:right;"|26.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|↑

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

{{TSSN|T|22|40}}

|{{STN|Baraki-Nakayama|x}}

|原木中山

|style="text-align:right;"|2.1

|style="text-align:right;"|28.9

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|↑

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"||

| 

|rowspan="2"|Funabashi

{{TSSN|T|23|40}}

|{{STN|Nishi-Funabashi|x}}

|西船橋Nishi-Funabashi is shared by Tokyo Metro, Tōyō Rapid Railway, and JR East; JR East and Tokyo Metro manage the station.

|style="text-align:right;"|1.9

|style="text-align:right;"|30.8

|style="background-color:#afb; text-align:center;"|●

|style="background-color:#fab; text-align:center;"|●

|{{Plainlist|* {{TRR}} Tōyō Rapid Railway Line

}}

colspan="10" align="center"|↓ Through-services to/from {{STN|Tōyō-Katsutadai|x}} via the {{TRR}} Tōyō Rapid Railway Line ↓

or

↓ Through-services to/from {{STN|Tsudanuma|x}} via the {{JRLS|JB}} Chūō-Sōbu Line ↓

{{Reflist|group="*"}}

Rolling stock

=Present=

Tōzai Line trains are 10-car formations of {{Convert|20|m|ftin|sp=us|adj=on}}-long cars, with four doors per side and longitudinal seating. The maximum operating speed is {{Cvt|100|km/h}}. Newer trains feature wide doors to allow for faster boarding times.

File:Tokyo-Metro Series05-122F.jpg|Tokyo Metro 05 series

File:Tokyo-Metro Series05-143F.jpg|Tokyo Metro 05N series

File:Tokyo-Metro Series07R-76.jpg|Tokyo Metro 07 series

File:Tokyo-Metro Series15000-15001.jpg|Tokyo Metro 15000 Series

File:Toyo-Rapid-Railway Series2000-2009.jpg|Toyo Rapid 2000 series

File:JRE Series-E231-800 K5.jpg|JR East E231-800 series

=Past=

File:Model 5000-Stainless Steel of Teito Rapid Transit Authority.JPG|5000 series with stainless steel body

File:Model 5000-Aluminum of Teito Rapid Transit Authority.JPG|5000 series with aluminium body

File:301 K5 Mitaka 20030222.JPG|JR East 301 series in February 2003

File:Jnr 103-1200.jpg|JR East 103-1200 series

File:Tōyō Rapid 1008F.JPG|Tōyō Rapid 1000 series in September 2006

Depots

{{Multiple image |width=125

|image1=Fukagawakojyou.JPG |caption1=05N series EMU at Fukagawa Workshop

|image2=Tokyo-Metro-Fukagawa-Depot.jpg |caption2=Fukagawa Depot, April 2021

}}

  • Fukagawa Depot (深川検車区)
  • Gyōtoku Depot (深川検車区行徳分室)
  • Fukagawa Workshop (深川工場)

{{clear}}

Notes

{{refbegin|}}

a. {{note|notes1}}Crowding levels defined by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism:{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlit.go.jp/tetudo/toshitetu/03_04.html|title = 混雑率の推移}}{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/07/06/national/tokyo-plans-new-effort-ease-crowding-rush-hour-trains/ |title=Tokyo plans new effort to ease commuter hell on rush-hour trains |first=Daisuke |last=Kikuchi |date=6 July 2017 |work=The Japan Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706120354/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/07/06/national/tokyo-plans-new-effort-ease-crowding-rush-hour-trains/ |archive-date=6 July 2017 |url-status=live}}

:100% — Commuters have enough personal space and are able to take a seat or stand while holding onto the straps or hand rails.

:150% — Commuters have enough personal space to read a newspaper.

:180% — Commuters must fold newspapers to read.

:200% — Commuters are pressed against each other in each compartment but can still read small magazines.

:250% — Commuters are pressed against each other, unable to move.

{{refend}}

References

{{refbegin}}

  • Shaw, Dennis and Morioka, Hisashi, "Tokyo Subways", published 1992 by Hoikusha Publishing

{{refend}}

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [http://www.tokyometro.jp/global/en/index.html Tokyo Metro website] {{in lang|en}}

{{Tokyo transit}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tokyo Metro Tozai Line}}

Category:Lines of Tokyo Metro

Category:Railway lines in Tokyo

Category:Railway lines in Chiba Prefecture

Category:Railway lines opened in 1964

Category:1067 mm gauge railways in Japan

Category:1500 V DC railway electrification