Tolatecan languages

{{Short description|Proposed language family}}

{{Infobox language family

|name=Tolatecan

|acceptance=abandoned

|region=Mesoamerica

|familycolor=American

|family = Proposed language family

|child1=Tequistlatecan (Chontal)

|child2=Tolan

|glotto=none

|map= Tolatecan Languages.png

|mapcaption=

}}

Tolatecan is a proposal by Campbell and Oltrogge (1980) linking two language families of Mesoamerica, Tequistlatecan (Chontal of Oaxaca) and Tol/Jicaque languages of Honduras.Campbell, Lyle, and David Oltrogge (1980). "Proto-Tol (Jicaque)." International Journal of American Linguistics, 46:205-223. Later, Campbell (1997) said that Tolatecan is not likely to be a valid language family.Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian Languages, The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Both Tequistlatecan and Tol have been at times also included in the larger Hokan proposal, but without any especial relationship within it.

Vocabulary

Below is a comparison of selected basic vocabulary items in Proto-Jicaque and the Tequistlatecan languages.

:

class="wikitable sortable"

! gloss !! Proto-JicaqueCampbell, Lyle and David Oltrogge. 1980. Proto-Tol (Jicaque). International Journal of American Linguistics 46: 205-223. !! HuamelultecO'Connor, Loretta. 2014. [https://arqueologiamexicana.mx/sites/default/files/banco_imagenes/chontal-de-san-pedro-huamelula.pdf Chontal de San Pedro Huamelula, Sierra baja de Oaxaca]. (Archivo de Lenguas Indígenas de México, 33.) México: El Colegio de México. !! Highland ChontalWaterhouse, Viola. 1980. Chontal de la Sierra de Oaxaca. Archivo de Lenguas Indígenas de México, 7. México: Ciudad de México: Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social. !! Tequistlatecde Angulo, Jaime and Lucy S. Freeland. 1925. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/40444929 The Chontal Language (Dialect of Tequixistlan)]. Anthropos 20: 1032-1052.

head

| *ha(y)pʰuk || hwaj || ƚiWak || fa

hair

| *¢ʼil || hwak’ || ƚaWak || fah

eye

| || a’u || ƚiʔi || ’uh

ear

| *pʰa¢ʼ || as’mas || lišʔmas ||

nose

| *mik || ’nał || ƚiʔnat || ’nali

tooth

| *wis || a’ay’ || lihaʔ || ai’

tongue

| *pelam || pał || ƚipaƚ || pala

mouth

| *mɨy-pʰini(h); *lala || ak’o || likó || ko

hand

| *mas ? || mane’ || ƚimane ||

foot

| *tek 'leg' || a’miš || liʔmi¢ ||

breast

| || tyuwe || latuwe || pare

meat

| *pis || išik’ || lišik’ || ci’

blood

| *kʼas || hwac’ || ƚaWa¢’ || fas

bone

| *kʰele || ekał || lekaƚ ||

person

| *yom || akwe’ || kal šans ||

name

| || puftyiñe || ƚaftine ||

dog

| *¢ʰiyo(h) || milya’ || kal ¢iki || tsigi

fish

| *kʰul || atyu’ || ƚatu || tu’u

louse

| *tɨtʼ || aykwix || ƚaykwi ||

tree

| *yo(h) || ’ex || al ʔek ||

leaf

| || ipela || lipela || pela

flower

| || ipa’ || lipaʔ || pipi

water

| *sɨ(tʰ) || axa’ || lahaʔ || xa

fire

| *kʼawa || unkwa’ || ƚuŋa || ngwa

stone

| *pe(h) || apix || ƚapik || pih

earth

| *(a)ma(h) || amac’ || ƚama¢’ ||

salt

| *¢olim || u’we || ƚoʔwe || weh

road

| || ane’ || lane || ne

eat

| *la ? || sago’ma || lihaʔ 'food' || te, tes

die

| *pɨʔ ? || ma’ma || timá || ma

I

| *nap ? || iya’ || iyaʔ || ya

you

| *hip || ima’ || imaʔ || ma

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Mesoamerican families}}

{{North American languages}}

Category:Proposed language families

Category:Indigenous languages of North America

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