Tolatecan languages
{{Short description|Proposed language family}}
{{Infobox language family
|name=Tolatecan
|acceptance=abandoned
|region=Mesoamerica
|familycolor=American
|family = Proposed language family
|child1=Tequistlatecan (Chontal)
|child2=Tolan
|glotto=none
|map= Tolatecan Languages.png
|mapcaption=
}}
Tolatecan is a proposal by Campbell and Oltrogge (1980) linking two language families of Mesoamerica, Tequistlatecan (Chontal of Oaxaca) and Tol/Jicaque languages of Honduras.Campbell, Lyle, and David Oltrogge (1980). "Proto-Tol (Jicaque)." International Journal of American Linguistics, 46:205-223. Later, Campbell (1997) said that Tolatecan is not likely to be a valid language family.Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian Languages, The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Both Tequistlatecan and Tol have been at times also included in the larger Hokan proposal, but without any especial relationship within it.
Vocabulary
Below is a comparison of selected basic vocabulary items in Proto-Jicaque and the Tequistlatecan languages.
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! gloss !! Proto-JicaqueCampbell, Lyle and David Oltrogge. 1980. Proto-Tol (Jicaque). International Journal of American Linguistics 46: 205-223. !! HuamelultecO'Connor, Loretta. 2014. [https://arqueologiamexicana.mx/sites/default/files/banco_imagenes/chontal-de-san-pedro-huamelula.pdf Chontal de San Pedro Huamelula, Sierra baja de Oaxaca]. (Archivo de Lenguas Indígenas de México, 33.) México: El Colegio de México. !! Highland ChontalWaterhouse, Viola. 1980. Chontal de la Sierra de Oaxaca. Archivo de Lenguas Indígenas de México, 7. México: Ciudad de México: Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social. !! Tequistlatecde Angulo, Jaime and Lucy S. Freeland. 1925. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/40444929 The Chontal Language (Dialect of Tequixistlan)]. Anthropos 20: 1032-1052. |
| head
| *ha(y)pʰuk || hwaj || ƚiWak || fa |
|---|
| hair
| *¢ʼil || hwak’ || ƚaWak || fah |
| eye
| || a’u || ƚiʔi || ’uh |
| ear
| *pʰa¢ʼ || as’mas || lišʔmas || |
| nose
| *mik || ’nał || ƚiʔnat || ’nali |
| tooth
| *wis || a’ay’ || lihaʔ || ai’ |
| tongue
| *pelam || pał || ƚipaƚ || pala |
| mouth
| *mɨy-pʰini(h); *lala || ak’o || likó || ko |
| hand
| *mas ? || mane’ || ƚimane || |
| foot
| *tek 'leg' || a’miš || liʔmi¢ || |
| breast
| || tyuwe || latuwe || pare |
| meat
| *pis || išik’ || lišik’ || ci’ |
| blood
| *kʼas || hwac’ || ƚaWa¢’ || fas |
| bone
| *kʰele || ekał || lekaƚ || |
| person
| *yom || akwe’ || kal šans || |
| name
| || puftyiñe || ƚaftine || |
| dog
| *¢ʰiyo(h) || milya’ || kal ¢iki || tsigi |
| fish
| *kʰul || atyu’ || ƚatu || tu’u |
| louse
| *tɨtʼ || aykwix || ƚaykwi || |
| tree
| *yo(h) || ’ex || al ʔek || |
| leaf
| || ipela || lipela || pela |
| flower
| || ipa’ || lipaʔ || pipi |
| water
| *sɨ(tʰ) || axa’ || lahaʔ || xa |
| fire
| *kʼawa || unkwa’ || ƚuŋa || ngwa |
| stone
| *pe(h) || apix || ƚapik || pih |
| earth
| *(a)ma(h) || amac’ || ƚama¢’ || |
| salt
| *¢olim || u’we || ƚoʔwe || weh |
| road
| || ane’ || lane || ne |
| eat
| *la ? || sago’ma || lihaʔ 'food' || te, tes |
| die
| *pɨʔ ? || ma’ma || timá || ma |
| I
| *nap ? || iya’ || iyaʔ || ya |
| you
| *hip || ima’ || imaʔ || ma |
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Mesoamerican families}}
{{North American languages}}
Category:Proposed language families
Category:Indigenous languages of North America
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