Tom Railsback

Railsback was born on January 22, 1932, in Moline, Illinois, to municipal lawyer Fred Railsback and Elizabeth (Johnson) Railsback.{{cite news| first=Sam| last=Roberts| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/22/us/politics/tom-railsback-dead.html| title=Tom Railsback, Who Reconciled G.O.P. to Oust Nixon, Dies at 87| newspaper=The New York Times| date=January 22, 2020}} He attended public schools in Moline, received a B.A. from Grinnell College in 1954, and received a J.D. from Northwestern University School of Law in Chicago in 1957.{{cite web| title=Railsback, Thomas Fisher| url=https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/20089| website=history.house.gov| publisher=Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives| location=Washington, D.C.| accessdate=February 9, 2020}} He served in the United States Army from 1957 to 1959.

In November 1962 Railsback was elected as a Republican to the Illinois House of Representatives. Four years later, in the 1966 election, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, defeating the Democratic incumbent Gale Schisler.

Although inspired to enter politics by the staunchly conservative Barry Goldwater, Railsback was a moderate Republican while in the House.{{cite news| first=Geoffrey| last=Kabaservice| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/the-old-tea-party-may-be-over-but-the-new-one-is-at-peak-power/2018/03/16/9588cb7c-2873-11e8-bc72-077aa4dab9ef_story.html| title=The old tea party may be over, but the new one is at peak power| newspaper=The Washington Post| date=March 16, 2018}} A longtime member of the House Committee on the Judiciary, he participated in the 1973–74 impeachment process against President Richard Nixon.{{Cite magazine |last=Luo |first=Michael |date=November 7, 2019 |title=What House Republicans Can Learn from the Bipartisan Effort to Impeach Nixon |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/what-house-republicans-can-learn-from-the-bipartisan-effort-to-impeach-nixon/amp |magazine=The New Yorker}} Railsback and his Democratic colleague Walter Flowers led what Railsback called a "fragile bipartisan coalition" which crafted two articles of impeachment against Nixon, charging him with: obstruction of justice in attempting to impede the investigation of the Watergate break-in and abuse of power by misusing the authority of the office of the presidency on multiple occasions, dating back to the first year of his administration (1969). He, along with five other Republicans (out of the 17 on the committee), voted with all 21 Democrats in advancing these articles to the House floor.{{Cite news| title=How a Fragile Centrist Bloc Emerged As House Panel Weighed Impeachment| last=Naughton| first=James M.| others=Based on reporting by the author, R. W. Apple. Jr., Diane Henry, Marjorie Hunter and David E. Rosenbaum| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/08/05/archives/how-a-fragile-centrist-bloc-emerged-as-house-panel-weighed.html| date=August 5, 1974| page=49| newspaper=The New York Times| accessdate=December 18, 2019}} In an emotional July 24, 1974 speech on the House floor, he said that his obligations to uphold the Constitution superseded his personal loyalties to Nixon, a friend who Railsback praised as having many significant achievements.

Support for Nixon's impeachment among congressional Republicans was the key factor leading to Nixon's decision to resign his office the next month.{{cite episode| title=Remembering A Congressman Who Bucked His Party On An Impeachment| access-date=February 9, 2019 |series=Weekend Edition Saturday| last=Simon| first=Scott| network=NPR| date=January 25, 2020| url=https://www.npr.org/2020/01/25/799428031/remembering-a-congressman-who-bucked-his-party-on-an-impeachment}} Despite the vitriol voiced against him by pro-Nixon commentators and constituents, he went on to be re-elected four more times.{{cite news| first=Dan| last=Popkey| url=https://www.idahostatesman.com/news/politics-government/politics-columns-blogs/politics-blog/article40748625.html| title=Retired in Idaho, former congressman still in limelight for Watergate role| newspaper=Idaho Statesman| location=Boise, Idaho| date=July 25, 2014}}

While in the House, Railsback had a key role in the passage of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.Thomas F. Railsback, [https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol52/iss1/2/ Juvenile Justice], 52 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 1 (1975). In 1979, he and Wisconsin Democrat David Obey co-sponsored legislation to reduce the influence of political action committees in election spending.[https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/25/archives/the-bodysnatchers-on-capitol-hill.html The Body‐Snatchers on Capitol Hill], New York Times (September 25, 1979). He opposed Ronald Reagan's effort to abolish and eliminate funding for the Legal Services Corporation, which provided legal aid to poor Americans.David S. Broder, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1981/06/24/doing-justice-to-the-poor/2495b9f8-d2b7-4f62-9fa6-a6b50055cac4/ Doing Justice to the Poor], Washington Post (June 24, 1981).

In 1980, Railsback was one of three U.S. House members, along with future Vice President Dan Quayle of Indiana and Tom Evans of Delaware, involved in the controversial Florida golfing trip with lobbyist Paula Parkinson.{{cite news|title=Baby Boomer With Right Credentials: James Danforth Quayle|first=Susan F.|last=Rasky|newspaper=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/17/us/republicans-new-orleans-man-baby-boomer-with-right-credentials-james-danforth.html?pagewanted=all|date=August 17, 1988}} Parkinson told Larry King in 1988 that she had a "brief" and "fun" affair with Railsback.{{Cite web |title=Parkinson says she slept with six congressmen - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/12/10/Parkinson-says-she-slept-with-six-congressmen/9235597733200/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=UPI |language=en}}

Over eight terms in office, Railsback had established strong political support in his district; the Washington Post noted that "He took what might have been a marginal district—a mixture of rural Republican counties and a labor stronghold in Moline-Rock Island—and built a secure political base by salting his GOP voting record with support for civil rights and some labor positions."David S. Broder, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1982/03/14/illinois-congressmen-to-be-the-first-to-face-redistricting-ordeal/05c14bad-e55a-40a1-91a5-5bbef3407713/ Illinois Congressmen to Be the First to Face Redistricting Ordeal], Washington Post (March 14, 1982). In 1982, however, Illinois had lost two districts in reapportionment after the 1980 census, and through redistricting, Railsback's district (now renumbered as the 17th District) changed in composition to become significantly more conservative.{{cite news|title=U.S. Rep. Railsback, 2 Illinois Colleagues Fall in Primaries|newspaper=Toledo Blade|date=March 17, 1982|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fngUAAAAIBAJ&pg=5448,6741217}} He was defeated for renomination in the 1982 Republican primary by a considerably more conservative Republican, State Senator Kenneth G. McMillan. McMillan was defeated by Democrat Lane Evans in November.Steven V. Roberts, [https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/09/weekinreview/illinois-race-illustrates-gop-hopes.html Illinois Race Illustrates G.O.P. Hopes], New York Times (September 9, 1984).

Railsback was a mentor to Raymond H. LaHood, who worked for Railsback from 1977 to 1982{{cite news| last1=McCann | first1=Herbert G. | title=GOP congressman who backed Nixon impeachment dead at 87 | url=https://apnews.com/1d58c85bccda9a23ed5c0254f4f6edf3 | date=January 21, 2020 |work=Associated Press | accessdate=January 21, 2020}} before becoming a U.S. Representative himself, and later U.S. Secretary of Transportation in the Obama administration.

After leaving Congress, Railsback worked as a lobbyist. He was executive vice president of the Motion Picture Association of America and also worked for the Federal Judges Association as its Washington coordinator.

Railsback married Patricia Sloan in 1955, and they had four daughters. The marriage ended in divorce. Railsback later married Joyelyn (Silver) Railsback, known as Joye. He had 19 grandchildren.

Railsback retired to Idaho, where he and his wife lived in McCall and Meridian.

He died on January 20, 2020, in Mesa, Arizona, after a period of declining health.

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.congress.gov/member/tom-railsback/R000012?searchResultViewType=expanded&KWICView=false Member profile], including legislation sponsored or cosponsored, from Congress.gov
• [http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=r000012 Biography], from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• {{C-SPAN|7133}}

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Category:1932 births

Category:2020 deaths

Category:People from Moline, Illinois

Category:Military personnel from Illinois

Category:Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law alumni

Category:United States Army soldiers

Category:Republican Party members of the Illinois House of Representatives

Category:American Congregationalists

Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois

Category:Grinnell College alumni

Category:20th-century members of the United States House of Representatives

Category:20th-century members of the Illinois General Assembly