Tom Turpin
{{Short description|American composer of ragtime music (1871–1922)}}
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|filename=Tom Turpin - Vess L. Ossman - The Buffalo Rag.ogg
|title=The Buffalo Rag
|description=Tom Turpin's 1904 composition "The Buffalo Rag", in a 1906 performance by Vess L. Ossman
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Thomas Million John Turpin (November 18, 1871 – August 13, 1922) was an American composer of ragtime music. Turpin is credited with the first published rag by an African American, his "Harlem Rag" of 1897 (although it was composed by 1892, a year before ragtime's introduction to the world at the 1893 World's Fair).
Biography
Tom Turpin was born in Savannah, Georgia, a son of John L. Turpin and Lulu Waters Turpin. In his early twenties, he opened a saloon in St. Louis which became a meeting-place for local pianists, such as Joe Jordan and Scott Joplin, and an incubation point for early folk ragtime. This saloon, named the Rosebud Café, became the namesake of Joplin's "Rosebud March" (1905). The saloon was closed in 1906.{{Cite web |date=2018-05-15 |title=On the Map: Rosebud Cafe |url=https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/departments/mayor/news/on-the-map-rosebud-cafe.cfm |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=stlouis-mo.gov |language=en}}
Including the "Harlem Rag", Turpin published a total of seven compositions. Two were recorded by contemporary musicians:{{Cite web |title=Tom Turpin |url=https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/mastertalent/detail/105784/Turpin_Tom |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Discography of American Historical Recordings}} St. Louis Rag (1903) was recorded most notably by the United States Marine Band and Arthur Pryor's Orchestra in 1906, and Buffalo Rag (1904), was recorded by Vess L. Ossman.
Turpin was a large man, six feet (1.83 m) tall and 300 pounds (136 kg); his piano had to be raised on blocks so that he could play it standing up, otherwise his stomach would get in the way. In addition to his saloon-keeping duties and his ragtime composition, he controlled (with his brother Charles) a theater, gambling houses, dance halls, and sporting houses. He served as a deputy constable and was one of the first politically powerful African-Americans in St. Louis. His influence on local music earned him the title "Father of St. Louis Ragtime."{{cn|date=October 2024}}
Turpin died of peritonitis in 1922.
=Date of birth=
Turpin's date of birth is uncertain; both 1871 and 1873 appear in published sources. His gravestone{{cite web
|url=http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSvcid=7357&GRid=22602
|title=Tom Turpin at Find a Grave|website=Find a Grave |accessdate=2008-08-31}} says simply 1871. The 1900 Federal Census for the city of St. Louis (Enumeration District 220, Sheet 9, Line 79) listed his birthdate as "November 1871", but on his draft registration card he wrote November 18, 1874. However, some historians believe he was born in 1873.{{cite book
|last=Jasen
|first=David A.
|author2=Trebor Jay Tichenor
|title=Rags and Ragtime: A Musical History
|publisher=Dover Publications, Inc.
|year=1978
|isbn=0-486-25922-6
|url-access=registration
|url=https://archive.org/details/ragsragtimemusic00jasen
}}
In popular culture
He was portrayed by Godfrey Cambridge in the 1977 film Scott Joplin.{{Citation |last=Kagan |first=Jeremy |title=Scott Joplin |date=1977-02-11 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076674/ |type=Biography, Drama, Music |access-date=2024-01-02 |others=Billy Dee Williams, Clifton Davis, Margaret Avery |publisher=Universal Pictures, Motown Productions}}
He is a minor character in Philip Jose farmers riverworld book series
List of compositions
1897
- Harlem Rag - Two Step
1899
- Harlem Rag [arranged by Will Tyers]
- Bowery Buck - Ragtime Two Step
1900
- Ragtime Nightmare
1903
- The St-Louis Rag
1904
- The Buffalo Rag
1909
- Siwash - Indian Intermezzo [Unpublished and Assumed Lost]
1914
- Pan-Am Rag [arranged by Arthur Marshall]
1917
- When Sambo Goes to France
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{MutopiaComposer|TurpinT}}
- {{Find a Grave|22602}}
- [https://www.loc.gov/jukebox/recordings/detail/id/1128 St. Louis Rag audio recording from the Library of Congress jukebox]
- [https://www.loc.gov/jukebox/recordings/detail/id/1603 The Buffalo Rag audio recording from the Library of Congress jukebox]
{{Authority control}}
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Category:African-American composers
Category:African-American male composers
Category:Drinking establishment owners