Tonj River

The Tonj River is a tributary of the Bahr el Ghazal River.{{sfn|Hurst|Phillips|Black|1931|p=85}}{{efn|The tributaries of Bahr el Ghazal from east to west are Gel (or Tapari), Yei (or Lau), Naam, Meridi (or Gel), Ibba (or Tonj), Jur, Lol and the Bahr al-Arab.{{sfn|Shahin|1985|p=34}} }}

The river originates in the south of the states of Western Equatoria not far from the border with Haut-Uélé in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.{{sfn|Node: Tonj (241883142) OpenStreetMap}}

It flows north from Western Equatoria through Tonj South County in Warrap into Unity State.{{sfn|State Report Warrap IOM 2009|p=12}}

The central part of the river flows through the Southern National Park.

About the end of March this section is liable to be swollen by the early rains and cannot be forded by a motor vehicle.{{sfn|Anderson|1949|p=12}}

After entering Warrap it passes the town of Tonj.{{sfn|Node: Tonj (241883142) OpenStreetMap}}

The river enters the Bahr el-Ghazal just north of Wancual airport.{{sfn|Unity State - Detailed Transport Map}}

The Tonj (or Ibba) drains a basin of {{convert|27000|km2}}.

Mean annual rainfall is {{convert|1220|mm}}.

At the town of Tonj the trough has a width of {{convert|70|m}} and maximum depth of {{convert|3|m}}, with a maximum discharge is {{convert|100|m3/s}}.{{sfn|Shahin|1985|p=35}}

The river is thickly forested in its upper valley, but further down there are strips of grass plain on either side and eventually, the forest gives way to an open grassy plain.

The river winds through a flood plain that gradually widens in its lower reaches.{{sfn|Hurst|Phillips|Black|1931|p=85}}

To the north of Tonj, the river enters a large lagoon from which several small watercourses lead into a grass swamp.{{sfn|Hurst|Phillips|Black|1931|p=89}}

Each year Warrap experiences flood from July to December, with some parts being totally isolated.{{sfn|State Report Warrap IOM 2009|p=12}}

{{notes}}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{citation |url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/118/1184591467.pdf |accessdate=2020-12-13 |title=The Sudan's Southern National Park.

|last=Anderson |first=A. B. |journal=African Wild Life |year=1949 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=24-29, 55}}

• {{citation

|last1=Hurst|first1=Harold Edwin|last2=Phillips|first2=P.|last3=Black|first3=R. P.|title=The Nile Basin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dnp-AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA88-IA7

|accessdate=13 December 2020|year=1931|publisher=Government Press}}

• {{citation |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/241883142#map=11/7.4101/29.0530 |accessdate=2020-12-13

|title=Node: Tonj (241883142) |work=OpenStreetMap |ref={{harvid|Node: Tonj (241883142) OpenStreetMap}} }}

• {{citation

|last=Shahin|first=M.M.A.|title=Hydrology of the Nile Basin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRM7AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA35

|date=1 January 1985|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-088756-2}}

• {{citation |url=https://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/shared/shared/mainsite/activities/countries/docs/village_assessment_warrap.pdf |accessdate=2020-12-13

|title=State Report Warrap |publisher=International Organization for Migration (IOM) |year=2009 |ref={{harvid|State Report Warrap IOM 2009}} }}

• {{citation |url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/South%20Sudan%20Unity%20State%20-%20Detailed%20Transport%20Map%20%20Jan%202013.pdf

|title=Unity State - Detailed Transport Map January 2013 |accessdate=2020-12-13 |publisher=ReliefWeb |ref={{harvid|Unity State - Detailed Transport Map}} }}

{{refend}}

{{Rivers of South Sudan}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tonj River}}

Category: Rivers of South Sudan