Tonya Harding#Attack on Nancy Kerrigan

{{About|the American figure skater|the Australian softball player|Tanya Harding|the Sufjan Stevens song|Tonya Harding (song)}}

{{Infobox figure skater

| image = Tonya harding mac club 1994 by andrew parodi (cropped).jpeg

| caption = Harding in 1994

| country = {{USA}}

| birth_name = Tonya Maxene Harding

| fullname = Tonya Maxene Price

| birth_date = {{nowrap| {{Birth date and age |1970|11|12}} }}

| birth_place = Portland, Oregon, U.S.

| death_place =

| residence =

| height = 5 ft 1 in

| coach = {{ubl|Diane Rawlinson (1973–1989; 1992–1994)|Dody Teachman (1989–1992)}}

| skating club =

| spouse = {{plainlist|

{{marriage|Jeff Gillooly|1990|1993|end=div.}}
{{marriage|Michael Smith|1995|1996|end=div.}}
{{marriage|Joseph Price|2010}} }}

| medaltemplates =

}}

Tonya Maxene Price (née Harding; born November 12, 1970) is an American former figure skater and boxer, and reality television personality.

Born in Portland, Oregon, Harding was raised by her mother, who enrolled her in ice skating lessons when Tonya was 3 years old. Harding spent much of her early life training, eventually dropping out of high school to devote her time to the sport. After climbing the ranks in the U.S. Figure Skating Championships between 1986 and 1989, Harding won the 1989 Skate America competition. She was the 1991 and 1994 U.S. champion, and 1991 World silver medalist. In 1991, she became the first American woman and the second woman in history (after Midori Ito) to successfully land a triple Axel in an international competition. Harding is a two-time Olympian and a two-time Skate America Champion.

In January 1994, Harding became embroiled in controversy when her ex-husband, Jeff Gillooly, orchestrated an attack on her fellow U.S. skating rival Nancy Kerrigan. On March 16, 1994, Harding accepted a plea bargain in which she pled guilty to conspiracy to hinder prosecution. As a result of her involvement in the aftermath of the assault, the United States Figure Skating Association banned her for life on June 30, 1994; she was stripped of her 1994 title.

From 2003 to 2004, Harding competed as a professional boxer. Her life has been the subject of many books, films, documentaries, and academic studies. In 2014, two television documentaries were made about Harding's life and skating career (Nancy & Tonya and The Price of Gold), inspiring Steven Rogers to write the film I, Tonya in 2017, for which Australian star Margot Robbie portrayed Harding, and also produced the film. In 2018, she was a contestant on season 26 of Dancing with the Stars, finishing in third place. In 2019, she won season 16 of Worst Cooks in America: Celebrity Edition.

Early life

File:Ice chalet lloyd center portland oregon lec by andrew parodi.jpeg, where Harding began skating at age four.]]

Tonya Maxene Harding was born November 12, 1970, in Portland, Oregon, to LaVona Golden (b. 1940) and Albert Harding (1933–2009).{{cite news|url=https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/obituaries/albert-gordon-harding/article_fbf7f286-1e22-5e3d-8d4b-3c27f9952c35.html|title=Albert Gordon Harding|work=Headlight-Herald|location=Tillamook, Oregon|date=April 14, 2009|access-date=January 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513144043/https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/obituaries/albert-gordon-harding/article_fbf7f286-1e22-5e3d-8d4b-3c27f9952c35.html|archive-date=May 13, 2018|url-status=live}} During Harding's youth, her father held various odd jobs (managed apartments, drove a truck, and worked at a bait & tackle store), yet was often underemployed due to poor health.{{cite magazine|last=Rothman|first=Lily|date=December 8, 2017|title=Tonya Harding's World might have been Nothing Like Nancy Kerrigan's|url=https://time.com/5045902/tonya-harding-nancy-kerrigan-1994/|magazine=Time|location=New York City|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719033759/http://time.com/5045902/tonya-harding-nancy-kerrigan-1994/|archive-date=July 19, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=July 12, 2018}} She was raised in East Portland, and began skating at age three, training with coach Diane Rawlinson. Harding also hunted, drag raced, and learned auto mechanics from her father. LaVona struggled to support the family while working as a waitress, and hand-sewed her daughter's skating costumes to save money.{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/archive/cover-story-poisoned-ice-vol-41-no-3/|title=Poisoned Ice|last1=Plummer|first1=William|last2=Reed|first2=Susan|magazine=People|date=January 24, 1994|access-date=July 7, 2018|number=3|volume=41|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707202146/https://people.com/archive/cover-story-poisoned-ice-vol-41-no-3/|archive-date=July 7, 2018}} Harding's parents divorced after 19 years of marriage in 1987, when she was 16.{{harvnb|Prouse|Harding|2008|p=40}}. "[My parents] divorced in 1987. They separated in February, and then their divorce was final sometime in the summer." She dropped out of Milwaukie High School during her sophomore year to focus on skating; she earned a General Educational Development (GED) Certificate in 1988.{{sfn|Prouse|Harding|2008|pages=13; 42; 44; 46; 65}}

Harding claimed she was frequently abused by her mother. She stated that by the time she was seven years old, physical and psychological abuse had become a regular part of her life. LaVona admitted to one instance of hitting Harding at an ice rink.{{cite web |website=Oprah.com|url=http://www.oprah.com/world/Tonya-Hardings-Figure-Skating-Scandal/5 |title=Tonya Harding's Skating Scandal |access-date=November 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129031446/http://www.oprah.com/world/Tonya-Hardings-Figure-Skating-Scandal/5 |archive-date=November 29, 2016 |url-status=live }} In January 2018, Harding's childhood friend and filmmaker, Sandra Luckow, spoke in defense of Harding's mother, because she felt that the 2017 film I, Tonya stretched some truths about LaVona's character. Luckow said that although Harding's mother could be "egregious" towards her daughter, LaVona funded and appreciated Harding's skating lessons, and had "a huge amount of humanity."{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/movies/tonya-harding-mother-monster-friend/|first=Ale|last=Russian|title=Harding's Mom Really a Monster? Here's What Skater's Childhood Friend Has to Say|magazine=People|date=January 27, 2018|access-date=July 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731062256/https://people.com/movies/tonya-harding-mother-monster-friend/|archive-date=July 31, 2018|url-status=live}}

In Harding's 2008 authorized biography, The Tonya Tapes (written by Lynda D. Prouse from recorded interviews with Harding), she said she was the victim of acquaintance rape in 1991,{{harvnb|Prouse|Harding|2008|pp=125; 132}}. "I was separated from Jeff [at the] time in '91. I never told anybody because I knew the person. It was a friend of mine." and that her half-brother, Chris Davison, molested her on several occasions when she was a child. In 1986, Harding called the police after Davison had been sexually harassing and terrorizing her. He was arrested, and spent a short time in prison. Harding said her parents were in denial about Davison's behavior, and told her not to press criminal charges against him. Davison was killed in an unsolved vehicular hit-and-run accident in 1988.{{harvnb|Prouse|Harding|2008|pp=57–62}}. "[The police] ended up arresting [Davison]...And my mother and father came home and said I was [lying about the harassment]."{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1992/01/13/125774/not-your-average-ice-queen-a-troubled-past-hasnt-stopped-tonya-harding-from-becoming-a-figure-skating-champion|title=Not Your Average Ice Queen|magazine=Sports Illustrated|location=New York City|date=January 13, 1992|access-date=August 2, 2018|quote=LaVona used the money she got in tips to pay for Tonya's lessons – $25 a week at first|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713135832/https://www.si.com/vault/1992/01/13/125774/not-your-average-ice-queen-a-troubled-past-hasnt-stopped-tonya-harding-from-becoming-a-figure-skating-champion|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live}} On May 3, 1994, during an interview with Rolonda Watts, Harding said that Davison was the only person in her life unworthy of forgiveness, and "the only person I've ever hated."{{YouTube|id=95rjRhjESUg|t=1012s|title=Rolonda Watts' Interview with Tonya Harding}}. Rolonda (1994–1997). May 1994 Excerpt of Rolonda Watts asking about Chris Davison's death and his abuse of Harding from 16:52

Skating career

Harding trained as a figure skater throughout her youth with coach Diane Rawlinson. In the mid-1980s, Harding began working her way up the competitive skating ladder. She placed sixth at the 1986 U.S. Figure Skating Championships, fifth in 1987 and 1988, and third in 1989. After competing in the February 1989 Nationals Championship, Harding began training with Dody Teachman.{{cite news |first=Phil|last=Hersh |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1992/03/04/skater-changes-coaches-again/|title=Skater Changes Coaches, Again |work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 4, 1992|access-date=August 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805233735/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1992-03-04/sports/9201200938_1_diane-rawlinson-dody-teachman-tonya-harding|archive-date=August 5, 2018|url-status=live}} She then won the October 1989 Skate America competition, and was considered a strong contender at the February 1990 U.S. Figure Skating Championships. However, she was experiencing the flu and asthma, and had a poor free skate. After the original program, she dropped from second place and finished seventh.{{sfn|Prouse|Harding|2008|pages=96–98}}

Harding's breakthrough year came in 1991 when, at the U.S. Championships, she completed her first triple Axel in competition on February 16—becoming the first American woman to do so.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/12/sports/figure-skating-a-triple-axel-with-rippling-effects.html |title=A Triple Axel With Rippling Effects |first=Michael |last=Janofsky |work=The New York Times |date=March 12, 1991 |access-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171226224921/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/12/sports/figure-skating-a-triple-axel-with-rippling-effects.html |archive-date=December 26, 2017 |url-status=live }} She landed seven triple jumps in the long program, including the Axel.{{Cite news|last=Lubarsky|first=Jared |date=March 10, 1991|title=Power Skating|work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/10/magazine/power-skating.html |access-date=June 16, 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190616191555/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/10/magazine/power-skating.html |archive-date=June 16, 2019|url-status=live}} She won the 1991 U.S. Ladies' Singles title with the event's first 6.0 technical merit score since Janet Lynn's 1973 performance at the U.S. Championships.{{cite news |title=Harding Takes Singles Title|first=Micheal|last=Janofsky |work=The New York Times|date=February 17, 1991 |access-date=August 5, 2018 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/17/sports/figure-skating-harding-takes-singles-title.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805234206/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/17/sports/figure-skating-harding-takes-singles-title.html|archive-date=August 5, 2018|url-status=live}} She won the long program when seven of the nine judges gave her first place.{{Cite news|last=Brennan|first=Christine|date=February 17, 1991 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1991/02/17/hardings-7-triples-nail-us-title-put-skating-world-in-whirl/3e847b63-6d16-4c13-b197-9fed67677fdf/?noredirect=on|title=Harding's Seven Triples Nail U.S. Title, Put Skating World in a Whirl|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=June 16, 2019}} She scored eight 5.9s and one 6.0 for technical merit, and six 5.9s, one 5.8, and two 5.7s for composition and style. At the March 1991 World Championships, she again completed the triple Axel. Harding would finish second behind Kristi Yamaguchi and in front of Nancy Kerrigan, marking the first time one country swept the ladies' medal podium at the World Figure Skating Championships.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/17/sports/figure-skating-skating-sweep-for-the-us-women.html|title=Skating Sweep for the U.S. Women |first=Michael |last=Janofsky|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 17, 1991|access-date=July 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719054834/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/17/sports/figure-skating-skating-sweep-for-the-us-women.html |archive-date=July 19, 2018}}

At the September 1991 Skate America competition, Harding recorded three more firsts:

The first ever woman to complete a triple Axel in the short program.
The first woman ever to successfully execute two triple Axels in a single competition.
The first ever to complete a triple Axel in combination (with the double toe loop).

Despite these record-breaking performances, after 1991, Harding was never again able to successfully complete the triple Axel in competition; her competitive results subsequently began to decline. She and Dody Teachman had briefly parted ways in April 1991, but then reunited in June;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1992/01/13/125774/not-your-average-ice-queen-a-troubled-past-hasnt-stopped-tonya-harding-from-becoming-a-figure-skating-champion|title=Not Your Average Ice Queen|magazine=Sports Illustrated|date=January 13, 1992|access-date=July 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713135832/https://www.si.com/vault/1992/01/13/125774/not-your-average-ice-queen-a-troubled-past-hasnt-stopped-tonya-harding-from-becoming-a-figure-skating-champion|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live}} Harding was still training under Teachman for the upcoming 1992 season.{{cite news|last=Harvey|first=R|title=On Thin Ice: Figure Skating Has Taken a Back Seat for Harding Since National Title|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-05-sp-2585-story.html|access-date=July 13, 2018|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 5, 1992}} She placed third in the January 1992 U.S. Figure Skating Championships despite twisting her ankle during practice, and finished fourth in the February 1992 Winter Olympics. On March 1, 1992, Harding gave Teachman a summary dismissal, and returned to Diane Rawlinson to be coached by her.{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1992/03/08/adulation-on-hold-for-tonya-harding/|title=Adulation On Hold For Tonya Harding|first=Phil|last=Hersh|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 8, 1992|access-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713133344/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1992-03-08/sports/9201220344_1_diane-rawlinson-dody-teachman-tonya-harding|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live}} On March 29, Harding placed sixth in the 1992 World Championships, although she had a better placement at the November 1992 Skate Canada International event, in which she finished fourth.Haight, Vader (1994), p.35 In the 1993 season, she skated poorly in the U.S. Championships and failed to qualify for the World Championship team.{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1993-11-07-9311070172-story.html+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ca|title=Threat Adds to Harding's List of Woes|first=Phil|last=Hersh|newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 7, 1993|access-date=September 27, 2021}}

In January 1994, Harding won the U.S. Championships, but was later stripped of her title: the USFSA disciplinary panel voted to vacate the title in June 1994, following an investigation of the attack on Nancy Kerrigan. In February 1994, Harding was permitted to remain a member of the U.S. Olympic ice skating team, despite brief legal controversy.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/05/sports/olympics-ioc-official-says-harding-should-skate.html|title=I.O.C. Official Says Harding Should Skate|first=Jere|last=Longman|work=The New York Times|date=February 5, 1994|access-date=July 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717043318/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/05/sports/olympics-ioc-official-says-harding-should-skate.html|archive-date=July 17, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1994/02/13/settlement-means-harding-will-skate/|title=Settlement Means Harding Will Skate|first=Phil|last=Hersh|work=Chicago Tribune |date=February 13, 1994|access-date=July 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717071112/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-02-13/news/9402130126_1_games-administrative-board-olympic-movement-and-sportsmanship-usoc-decision|archive-date=July 17, 2018|url-status=live}} At the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, after an issue with a broken skate lace in the long program, she was given a re-skate by the judges and finished in eighth place, behind Oksana Baiul (gold) and Nancy Kerrigan (silver).{{cite news|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/02/1994_winter_olympics_tonya_har.html|title=Tonya Harding finishes 8th|work=The Oregonian|access-date=May 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428133751/http://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/02/1994_winter_olympics_tonya_har.html|archive-date=April 28, 2018|url-status=live}} Despite her USFSA ban, however, she did later compete at the professional level, placing second at the ESPN Pro Skating Championship in 1999.

= Competitive highlights =

colspan="10" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;" \| International
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
Event{{cite web \|url=http://skatecanada.ca/en/events_results/results/archives/SkateCanadaResultsBook-Volume2-1974-current.pdf \|title=Skate Canada Results Book Volume 2: 1974–current \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920093849/http://skatecanada.ca/en/events_results/results/archives/SkateCanadaResultsBook-Volume2-1974-current.pdf \|archive-date=September 20, 2009 \|publisher=Skate Canada \|access-date=January 4, 2018}} ! 1985–86 ! 1986–87 ! 1987–88 ! 1988–89 ! 1989–90 ! 1990–91 ! 1991–92 ! 1992–93 ! 1993–94
align=left \| Winter Olympics							4th		8th
align=left \| World Championships						style="background:silver;"\| 2nd	6th		WD
align=left \| Skate America		style="background:silver;"\| 2nd			style="background:gold;"\| 1st		style="background:gold;"\| 1st		style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd
align=left \| Skate Canada International								4th
align=left \| Nations Cup					style="background:gold;"\| 1st
align=left \| NHK Trophy			style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd			style="background:silver;"\| 2nd			4th
align=left \| Prize of Moscow News{{cite magazine \|title=Prize of Moscow News \|magazine= Pirouette – Abonnement magazine enfants de 5 à 8 ans \|year=1988 \| publisher=Fleurus Presse \|language=fr }}				style="background:gold;"\| 1st
colspan="10" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;" \| National
align=left \| U.S. Championships{{cite book \|last1=Haight \|first1=Abby \|last2=Vader \|first2=J.E. \|year=1994 \|pages=9, 63 \|title=Fire on Ice \|publisher=Crown \|isbn=9780525575313 \|quote=When Harding was fifteen years old she had a tumultuous year. She went to the national championships for the first time and finished a strong sixth – Competing in her second national championship in 1987, Harding finished fifth in Tacoma, Washington}}{{cite book\|last1=Coffey \|first1=Frank \|last2=Layden \|first2=Joe \|chapter=Appendix B \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PV9EDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT49\|chapter-url-access=subscription\|title=Thin Ice: The Complete, Uncensored Story of Tonya Harding \|year=1994\|pages=48; 112 \|publisher=Pinnacle Books \|isbn=9780786044979\|access-date=July 27, 2018\|quote=As a skater, Harding showed scant improvement...finishing fifth in the senior nationals in both 1987 and 1988, an Olympic year. For the first time in her career, there was some doubt as to whether she would ever fulfill her immense promise – Tonya Harding's Competitive Highlights: 1985 Olympic Festival – 5th; 1988 National Senior – 5th}}	6th	5th	5th	style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd	7th	style="background:gold;"\| 1st	style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd	style=background:#d1c571;"\|4th	\| ~~1st~~{{efn\|In June 1994, Claire Ferguson, the President of the USFSA, voted to strip Harding of her 1994 title. However, the competition results were not changed and the title was left vacant rather than moving all the other competitors up one position.}}
align=left \| U.S. Olympic Festival	5th	style="background:#c96;" \| 3rd				1st style="background:silver;"\| 2nd

Assault of Nancy Kerrigan and legal proceedings

= Nancy Kerrigan =

On {{start date|1994|1|6}}, one day before the U.S. Figure Skating Championship first Ladies' Singles competition, Nancy Kerrigan was attacked in a corridor after a practice session at the Detroit Cobo Arena. The aftermath of the attack was recorded on a news camera and broadcast around the world. The assailant was Shane Stant, contracted to break her right knee; he turned himself in to the FBI in Phoenix on January 14. Stant and his uncle, Derrick Smith, were hired for this assault by Harding's ex-husband, Jeff Gillooly, and her bodyguard, Shawn Eckardt.{{cite web |url=https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707093538/https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |work=NBC SportsWorld |title=Nancy & Tonya |year=2014 |type=documentary}} Tonya telling a reporter "Shawn is my bodyguard" while he walks beside her on January 10, 1994 - time code ca 0:29:14 After failing to find Kerrigan in Massachusetts, Stant had taken a 20-hour bus trip to Detroit.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/23/sports/figure-skating-traveling-far-and-lying-low-to-get-nancy-kerrigan.html|title=Traveling Far and Lying Low to Get Nancy Kerrigan|work=The New York Times|first=Joseph B. |last=Treaster |date=January 23, 1994|access-date=July 9, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710071440/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/23/sports/figure-skating-traveling-far-and-lying-low-to-get-nancy-kerrigan.html |archive-date=July 10, 2018|url-status=live}} Nancy Kerrigan was walking behind a curtain when Stant rushed behind her. Using both hands, he swung a 21-inch (53 cm) ASP telescopic baton at her right leg, striking above her knee. The attack was intended to seriously injure Kerrigan so that she could not compete in the Nationals (Kerrigan was the defending 1993 Champion) nor the Winter Olympics. Kerrigan's leg was not broken but severely bruised, forcing her to withdraw from the Championships, and forgo competing to retain the U.S. Ladies' title.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/07/sports/figure-skating-kerrigan-attacked-after-practice-assailant-flees.html|title=Kerrigan Attacked After Practice; Assailant Flees|work=The New York Times|first=Jere|last=Longman|date=January 7, 1994 |access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711055918/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/07/sports/figure-skating-kerrigan-attacked-after-practice-assailant-flees.html|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=live}} On January 8, Harding won the U.S. title; she and Kerrigan were then both selected for the 1994 Olympic team.

=KOIN-TV interview, Eckardt and Smith arrests, USFSA comments=

On January 11, Harding was interviewed for KOIN-TV in Portland, Oregon. Harding was asked whether someone she knew could have planned the attack. Harding replied, "I have definitely thought about it." Gillooly stood in her view behind the camera during the interview. The interview ended with Harding saying, "No one controls my life but me... if there's something in there that I don't like, I'm going to change it."{{cite news |last1=Bruscas |first1=Angelo |last2=Clever |first2=Dick |date=January 13, 1994 |title=Husband, bodyguard implicated in attack – Police 'close' to arrest in Kerrigan case |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |volume=137 |number=12 |format=TIFF |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940113.1.12&srpos=32&e=-------en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |access-date=August 12, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813075316/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940113.1.12&srpos=32&e=-------en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |archive-date=August 13, 2018}}{{cite book |last1=Haight |first1=Abby |last2=Vader |first2=J.E. |year=1994 |title=Fire on Ice |page=99 |publisher=Crown |isbn=9780525575313 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4R06DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT103 |url-access=subscription |via=Google Books |access-date=August 12, 2018 |quote=[Harding said] I just wish people would see that, you know, I'm out there trying just as much as everybody else is, and it's just really sad. It's sad that there's that kind of people out there." And she once again expressed her fierce determination. "No one controls my life but me.}}{{cite AV media |title=Ann Schatz's 1994 interview with Tonya Harding at KOIN |publisher=KOIN 6 |date=January 11, 1994 |time=0:56 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGdpgWCTSug&t=56s |via=YouTube}} Excerpt of Tonya Harding claiming that she doesn't know how Nancy Kerrigan came to be attacked starts at 0^m56^s . Harding also confirmed she had spoken with FBI agents in Detroit and again in Portland.{{cite news |last1=Long |first1=James |last2=Hogan |first2=Dave |last3=Haight |first3=Abby |date=January 12, 1994 |title=FBI investigating Tonya Harding's husband as part of alleged plot to sideline figure skater Nancy Kerrigan |newspaper=The Oregonian |place=Portland, OR |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/01/fbi_investigating_tonya_hardin.html |access-date=August 13, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813111927/https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/01/fbi_investigating_tonya_hardin.html |archive-date=August 13, 2018}} On January 13, Eckardt and Smith were arrested.{{cite news |last1=Long |first1=James |last2=Hogan |first2=Dave |date=January 14, 1994 |title=Sheriff's deputies arrest Tonya Harding's bodyguard & another man |newspaper=The Oregonian |place=Portland, OR |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/01/sheriffs_deputies_arrest_tonya.html |access-date=August 13, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813112025/https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/1994/01/sheriffs_deputies_arrest_tonya.html |archive-date=August 13, 2018}}{{cite news |first=Timothy |last=Egan |date=January 14, 1994 |title=Police in Oregon make arrests in assault on Olympic skater|newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/14/us/police-in-oregon-make-arrests-in-assault-on-olympic-skater.html |access-date=July 13, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714051549/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/14/us/police-in-oregon-make-arrests-in-assault-on-olympic-skater.html |archive-date=July 14, 2018}} On January 14, the United States Figure Skating Association (USFSA) made a statement on whether Eckardt's arrest affected Harding's Olympic placement: "We will deal only with the facts."{{cite news |title=Harding keeps Olympic spot – for now |date=January 14, 1994 |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |volume=137 |number=13 |format=TIFF |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940114.1.13&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22Speculation+where+it+involves+the+careers+of+young+athletes+is+pointless%22-------1 |access-date=August 12, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813111937/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940114.1.13&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22Speculation+where+it+involves+the+careers+of+young+athletes+is+pointless%22-------1 |archive-date=August 13, 2018}}{{cite news |last1=Brennan |first1=Christine |last2=Walsh |first2=Edward |date=January 14, 1994 |title=Rival's bodyguard, one other arrested in assault |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_011494.htm |access-date=July 12, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713042535/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_011494.htm |archive-date=July 13, 2018}} Harding's and Gillooly's separate lawyers confirmed the couple were in daily contact and cooperation with law enforcement.{{cite book |last1=Haight |last2=Vader |first2=J.E.|first1=Abby |title=Fire on Ice |year=1994 |page=100 |publisher=Crown |isbn=9780525575313 |url-status=live |access-date=August 13, 2018 |quote=On Thursday, January 13, Dennis Rawlinson, Harding's lawyer (and husband of Tonya's coach), said that she would have plenty to say. The next day, a statement was issued: "Tonya Harding and Jeff Gillooly are meeting today with their lawyers ... [They] have cooperated with law enforcement" |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4R06DwAAQBAJ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024112902/https://books.google.ca/books?id=4R06DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover |archive-date=October 24, 2018}} On January 15, Harding and Gillooly spoke with reporters, but declined to comment about the investigation.{{cite news |last=Wilstein |first=Steve |date=January 16, 1994 |title=Harding chances called 'grim' – New witness says skater knew of plot |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |volume=137 |number=15 |format=TIFF |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940116.1.14&srpos=39&e=-------en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |access-date=August 13, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814071326/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940116.1.14&srpos=39&e=-------en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |archive-date=August 14, 2018}} On January 16, Harding's lawyer held a press conference, in which he read a statement denying Harding's involvement in the attack on Kerrigan.{{cite news |last=Wilstein |first=Steve |date=January 17, 1994 |title=Harding says she's innocent – 'Tonya is shocked and angry' |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |volume=137 |number=16 |format=TIFF |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940117.1.1&srpos=42&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |access-date=August 13, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813112653/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940117.1.1&srpos=42&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |archive-date=August 13, 2018}}{{cite magazine |title=On Thin Ice |last=Swift |first=E.M. |date=January 24, 1994 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1994/01/24/130322/on-thin-ice-as-the-olympics-loomed-nancy-kerrigan-was-back-on-skates-and-tonya-harding-was-under-siege |url-status=live |access-date=July 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713042411/https://www.si.com/vault/1994/01/24/130322/on-thin-ice-as-the-olympics-loomed-nancy-kerrigan-was-back-on-skates-and-tonya-harding-was-under-siege |archive-date=July 13, 2018}} Harding left her home that evening to practice with her coaches, where she spoke with reporters and performed a triple Axel.{{cite AV media |publisher=Paramount Domestic Television |date=January 1994 |title=Tonya Harding saga part 7 |series=Hard Copy |time=5:17 |via=YouTube}}{{full citation needed|date=June 2021|reason=missing YouTube URL}} report showing footage of Harding speaking with reporters on January 15, 1994; cut to footage of Harding training with her coaches late on January 16 performing a triple Axel from 5^m17^s .{{cite news |title=Harding's ex-husband faces arrest |date=January 18, 1994 |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel |volume=137 |number=17 |format=TIFF |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940118.1.28&srpos=49&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |access-date=August 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814071339/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940118.1.28&srpos=49&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |archive-date=August 14, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=Pieces falling together in Kerrigan attack case |date=January 18, 1994 |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=The Journal Times |url=https://journaltimes.com/news/national/pieces-falling-together-in-kerrigan-attack-case/article_22cc4323-a981-5486-b2e3-4ef12f28766d.html |access-date=July 30, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731062238/https://journaltimes.com/news/national/pieces-falling-together-in-kerrigan-attack-case/article_22cc4323-a981-5486-b2e3-4ef12f28766d.html |archive-date=July 31, 2018}}

= Harding's confession =

File:Tonya Harding Olympic practice at Clackamas Town Center 1994 3.jpg, in preparation for the 1994 Winter Olympics, were attended by thousands of spectators and dozens of reporters and film crews.]]

On January 18, 1994, Harding was with her lawyers when she submitted to questioning by the DA and FBI.{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940119.1.23&srpos=52&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1|format=TIFF|title=Officials question Harding|agency=Associated Press|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|volume=137|number=18|date=January 19, 1994|access-date=August 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103109/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940119.1.23&srpos=52&e=-------en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |archive-date=August 14, 2018|url-status=live}} She was interviewed for over ten hours. Eight hours into the interview, her lawyer read a statement declaring her separation from Gillooly: "I continue to believe that Jeff is innocent of any wrongdoing. I wish him nothing but the best."{{cite news|last=Adams|first=Jane Meredith|title=Harding's Controlling Force |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1994/01/21/hardings-controlling-force/|access-date=July 8, 2018|work=Chicago Tribune|date=January 21, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708133523/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-01-21/news/9401210113_1_harding-and-gillooly-jeff-gillooly-rival-skater-nancy-kerrigan|archive-date=July 8, 2018|url-status=live}} Her full FBI transcript was released on February 1. The Seattle Times reported on the transcript, stating that Harding had "changed her story well into a long interview [...] After hours of denying any involvement in trying to cover up the plot, an FBI agent finally told [her] that he knew she had lied to him, that he would tell her exactly how she had lied to him."{{cite news|url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19940202/1893162/the-plot-according-to-jeff-gillooly|agency=S.T. News Services|title=The Plot According to Jeff Gillooly – Statements to FBI Allege Conspiracy Involving Harding |work=The Seattle Times|date=February 2, 1994|access-date=August 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707062448/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19940202&slug=1893162|archive-date=July 7, 2018 |url-status=live}} In the transcript's final passage, Harding stated, "I hope everyone understands. I'm telling on someone I really care about. I know now [Jeff] is involved. I'm sorry."{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Janofsky|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/07/sports/winter-olympics-always-tonya-as-cool-as-ice-but-troubled.html|date=February 7, 1994|title=Always Tonya: As Cool as Ice But Troubled|access-date=December 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117044857/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/07/sports/winter-olympics-always-tonya-as-cool-as-ice-but-troubled.html|archive-date=January 17, 2018|url-status=live}} On January 19, Gillooly surrendered to the FBI.{{cite news|last=Brennan|first=Christine |title=Rival Skater's Ex-Husband Charged in Attack |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012094.htm |access-date=August 14, 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 20, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102205347/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012094.htm |archive-date=January 2, 2018|url-status=live}} On January 20, Diane Sawyer asked Harding on Primetime about the case. Harding said she had done nothing wrong.{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/01/25/figuring-out-tonya-harding/05da905d-3f96-44ff-bf38-020a883dfbfe/|title=Figuring Out Tonya Harding|first=Mary|last=McGrory |newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 25, 1994 |access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923010052/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/01/25/figuring-out-tonya-harding/05da905d-3f96-44ff-bf38-020a883dfbfe/|archive-date=September 23, 2018|url-status=live}} On January 27, it was reported that Gillooly had been testifying about the attack plot since January 26, possibly implicating Harding as allegedly assisting. Harding's close friend, Stephanie Quintero, with whom she was living, spoke to reporters on her behalf: "[Tonya] was shocked, very hurt. She was believing in [Jeff]."{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940127.1.1&srpos=70&e=-------en--20--61-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1|format=TIFF|title='Walls are closing in' on skater (1)|first=Bob|last=Baum|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|volume=137|number=26|date=January 27, 1994 |access-date=August 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025525/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940127.1.1&srpos=70&e=-------en--20--61-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1|archive-date=August 16, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940127.1.10&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22she+was+believing+in+him%22+%22tonya+harding%22-------1 |format=TIFF|title='Walls are closing in' on skater (2)|first=Bob|last=Baum|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|volume=137|number=26|date=January 27, 1994|access-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713164655/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940127.1.10&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22she+was+believing+in+him%22+%22tonya+harding%22-------1|archive-date=July 13, 2018 |url-status=live}}{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/tonya-harding-i-know-people-who-love-me-190276|first=Patricia|last=King|title=Harding: 'I Know The People Who Love Me'|magazine=Newsweek |date=February 20, 1994|access-date=August 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025645/https://www.newsweek.com/tonya-harding-i-know-people-who-love-me-190276|archive-date=August 16, 2018|url-status=live}} Harding later held a press conference to read a prepared statement. She said she was sorry Kerrigan was attacked, that she respected Kerrigan, and claimed not to have known in advance of the plot to disable her. Harding took responsibility "for failing to report things [about the assault] when I returned home from Nationals [on January 10]. Failure to immediately report this information is not a crime."{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012894.htm|title=Harding Admits Knowing of Plot After the Attack |first=Johnette|last=Howard |newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 28, 1994|access-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161709/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012894.htm|archive-date=July 6, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/01/28/text-of-tonya-hardings-statement/ccff4333-d36d-478d-939e-5a23b175727c/|title=Harding's Statement Text|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 28, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831174804/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/01/28/text-of-tonya-hardings-statement/ccff4333-d36d-478d-939e-5a23b175727c/|archive-date=August 31, 2018|url-status=live}} Many states' laws, including Oregon's, state that the act of concealing criminal knowledge alone is not a crime.{{cite web|url=http://www.yossithecriminallawyer.com/concealing-an-offence/|title=Concealing an Offence |website=YossiTheCriminalLawyer.com|department=Blog|date=July 3, 2013|first=Yossi|last=Schochet|access-date=July 31, 2018|quote=In the U.S. almost every State has rejected criminal prosecution for misprision of felony, primarily for policy reasons, as it encroaches on civil liberties. An exception is the state of South Carolina.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731153506/http://www.yossithecriminallawyer.com/concealing-an-offence/ |archive-date=July 31, 2018|url-status=live}}

The attack on Kerrigan received a substantial amount of publicity, and news media crews camped outside Kerrigan's home.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_011594.htm |first=William |last=Hamilton |title=Three Held in Assault on Kerrigan|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=January 15, 1994|access-date=August 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316112130/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_011594.htm|archive-date=March 16, 2018|url-status=live}} In January 1994, the story was on the covers of Sports Illustrated, Newsweek, and Time.{{cite journal|last1=Martin|first1=Adam|last2=McDonald|first2=Mary G.|url=https://www.worc.ac.uk/gjseper/documents/Covering_womens_sport_An_analysis_of_Sports_Illustrated_covers_2012_1_81-97.pdf|title=Covering women's sport? An analysis of Sports Illustrated covers from 1987–2009|year=2012|journal=Graduate Journal of Sport, Exercise & Physical Education Research|volume=1|page=91|issn=2046-9357|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808132352/http://www.worc.ac.uk/gjseper/documents/Covering_womens_sport_An_analysis_of_Sports_Illustrated_covers_2012_1_81-97.pdf|archive-date=August 8, 2017|url-status=live}} There was now much speculation about Harding's alleged involvement in the assault plot.{{cite magazine |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,980059-1,00.html|title=What Did Tonya Know?|last=Smolowe |first=Jill|magazine=Time|date=January 31, 1994|access-date=July 7, 2017}}{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-02-04-sp-19048-story.html|date=February 4, 1994|first=John|last=Balzar|title=Commentary: Story Is So Big It's Right Out of Dumpster|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=July 12, 2018}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/sports-of-the-times-harding-s-guilty-plea-anticlimactic.html|first=George|last=Vecsey|title=Harding's Guilty Plea Anticlimactic|work=The New York Times|date=March 17, 1994|access-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718055230/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/sports-of-the-times-harding-s-guilty-plea-anticlimactic.html|archive-date=July 18, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://patch.com/oregon/portland/i-tonya-hardings-prosecutor-talks-case|first=Colin|last=Miner|title=Tonya Harding's Prosecutor Talks About The Case, 'I, Tonya'|work=Patch Media|publisher=Hale Global|date=January 29, 2018|access-date=August 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825143140/https://patch.com/oregon/portland/i-tonya-hardings-prosecutor-talks-case|archive-date=August 25, 2018|url-status=live}} Because Harding and Kerrigan would be representing the US in the February Lillehammer Olympics, speculation reached a media frenzy.{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1994-01-16-1994016004-story.html|title=A harsh light falls on skater's hard life|first=Bill|last=Glauber|work=The Baltimore Sun|date=January 16, 1994|access-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713140506/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-01-16/news/1994016004_1_figure-skating-tonya-harding-hard-life|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_022394.htm|first=Christine|last=Brennan|title=All Eyes on Ice for Harding-Kerrigan Showdown|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 23, 1994|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091034/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_022394.htm|archive-date=August 15, 2018|url-status=live}} Abby Haight and J.E. Vader, reporters for The Oregonian, wrote a biography of Harding called Fire on Ice, which included excerpts of her January 18 FBI interview.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/01/06/as-crazy-as-it-was-reporters-recall-the-nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-feeding-frenzy/|first=Jacob|last=Bogage|title='As crazy as it was': Reporters recall the Tonya Harding-Nancy Kerrigan feeding frenzy|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 8, 2018|access-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509150308/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/01/06/as-crazy-as-it-was-reporters-recall-the-nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-feeding-frenzy/|archive-date=May 9, 2018|url-status=live}}

= Guilty pleas and sentencing of Gillooly, Eckardt, Stant, and Smith =

On February 1, 1994, Gillooly's attorney negotiated a plea bargain in exchange for testimony regarding all involved parties in the attack. In July, he was sentenced to two years in prison and publicly apologized to Kerrigan, adding "any apology coming from me rings hollow."{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/14/sports/figure-skating-gillooly-sentenced-to-2-years-in-jail.html|title=Gillooly Sentenced to 2 Years in Jail|work=The New York Times|agency=Associated Press|date=July 14, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725004712/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/14/sports/figure-skating-gillooly-sentenced-to-2-years-in-jail.html|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}} Gillooly and Eckardt pled guilty to racketeering; Stant and Smith (who drove the getaway car and funneled money) pled guilty to conspiracy to commit second-degree assault.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/17/sports/figure-skating-kerrigan-attacker-and-accomplice-sent-to-jail.html |title=Kerrigan Attacker & Accomplice Sent to Jail |work=The New York Times |date=May 17, 1994 |access-date=November 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915121400/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/17/sports/figure-skating-kerrigan-attacker-and-accomplice-sent-to-jail.html |archive-date=September 15, 2016 |url-status=live }}{{cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/2014/01/tonya_harding-nancy_kerrigan_2.html|title=20 years later: highlights in a timeline|last=Muldoon|first=Katy|date=January 6, 2014|work=The Oregonian|access-date=June 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180611182458/http://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/2014/01/tonya_harding-nancy_kerrigan_2.html|archive-date=June 11, 2018|url-status=live}} Judge Donald Londer noted the attack could have injured Kerrigan more seriously.{{cite news|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/07/13/Gillooly-sentenced-in-Kerrigan-attack/5068774072000|title=Gillooly sentenced in Kerrigan attack|agency=United Press International (UPI)|date=July 13, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725033205/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/07/13/Gillooly-sentenced-in-Kerrigan-attack/5068774072000|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}} Eckardt died in 2007.{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2007-12-17-0712170319-story.html|title=Former guard dead|work=Chicago Tribune|date=December 17, 2007|access-date=February 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301201552/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2007-12-17-0712170319-story.html|archive-date=March 1, 2019|url-status=live}}

=USFSA disciplinary panel=

On February 5, 1994, the USFSA disciplinary panel stated there were reasonable grounds to believe Harding had violated the sport's code of ethics.{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/222926632/Harding-v-USOC-Exhibit-USFSA-Disciplinary-Charges|title=Harding's Disciplinary Charges|website=Scribd |date=February 5, 1994|access-date=August 27, 2018}} Her admitted failure to report about an assault on a fellow competitor, supported by her FBI transcripts, led to Harding being formally charged with "[making] false statements about her knowledge." The USFSA recommended that she face a disciplinary hearing. Claire Ferguson, president of the USFSA, decided not to suspend Harding's membership before a hearing took place. If she had been suspended, she likely still would have competed at the Olympics after filing suit, seeking an injunction against the USFSA, and asserting her rights under the Amateur Sports Act of 1978.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/28/sports/figure-skating-harding-to-get-olympic-spot-but-inquiry-continues.html|title=Harding to Get Olympic Spot but Inquiry Continues|newspaper=The New York Times|first=Jere|last=Longman|date=January 28, 1994|access-date=July 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801094130/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/28/sports/figure-skating-harding-to-get-olympic-spot-but-inquiry-continues.html|archive-date=August 1, 2018|url-status=live}} The panel examined evidence, including: the testimonies of Stant and Smith, Harding's and Gillooly's telephone records, and notes found in a Portland saloon trash bin on January 30.{{cite web|url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1887592-harding-kerrigan-20-years-later-remembering-the-stunning-life-changing-attack|first=Matt|last=Crossman|title=Harding-Kerrigan 20 Years Later: Remembering the Stunning Attack|department=The Evidence in the Dumpster|website=Bleacher Report, Inc|date=December 19, 2013|access-date=July 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721073247/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1887592-harding-kerrigan-20-years-later-remembering-the-stunning-life-changing-attack|archive-date=July 21, 2018|url-status=live}} Harding was given 30 days to respond.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/06/sports/winter-olympics-harding-ordered-to-appear-at-hearing.html|title=Harding Ordered To Appear At Hearing|newspaper=The New York Times|first=Jere|last=Longman|date=February 6, 1994|access-date=July 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721102903/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/06/sports/winter-olympics-harding-ordered-to-appear-at-hearing.html|archive-date=July 21, 2018|url-status=live}}

= Harding and Connie Chung travel to Norway =

News media began attending Harding's Portland practices, and also filmed her on February 7, running barefoot to stop a tow truck from hauling her illegally parked vehicle.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/02/09/portland-city-under-seige/90e1cfc6-3b86-40a6-9934-6b50c9c0e9ae/|first=Serge F.|last=Kovaleski|title=Portland: City Under {{sic|Se|ige|nolink=y}}|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 9, 1994|access-date=August 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925104409/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/02/09/portland-city-under-seige/90e1cfc6-3b86-40a6-9934-6b50c9c0e9ae/|archive-date=September 25, 2018|url-status=live}} On February 10, 1994, Connie Chung interviewed Harding. When asked about Gillooly, Harding said: "I never did anything to hurt [Jeff]. If I ever did anything, it was to stick up for him and protect him."{{cite journal|last1=Benoit|first1=William L.|last2=Hanczor|first2=Robert S.|url=https://vdocuments.site/the-tonya-harding-controversy-an-analysis-of-image-restoration-strategies.html|format=TIFF|title=The Tonya Harding controversy: An analysis of image restoration strategies|date=Fall 1994|journal=Communication Quarterly|publisher=Routledge|location=Burlington, Vermont|volume=42|issue=4|page=424|doi=10.1080/01463379409369947|access-date=September 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908092803/https://vdocuments.site/the-tonya-harding-controversy-an-analysis-of-image-restoration-strategies.html|archive-date=September 8, 2018|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}} Chung also negotiated to fly on the same airplane with Harding to Oslo, leaving on February 15. Chung admitted she would not have travelled to Norway were it not for the scandal.{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940216.1.14&srpos=138&e=-------en--20--121-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1|format=TIFF|title=Tonya hitting town – Kerrigan won't be in hugging mood|last=Rosen|first=Karen|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|volume=137|number=46|date=February 16, 1994|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815055354/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940216.1.14&srpos=138&e=-------en--20--121-byDA-txt-txIN-%22tonya+harding%22-------1|archive-date=August 15, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/22/sports/tv-sports-thirty-seconds-over-lillehammer-on-air-tonya.html|first=Richard|last=Sandomir|title=Thirty Seconds Over Lillehammer on Air Tonya|work=The New York Times|date=February 22, 1994|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815055454/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/22/sports/tv-sports-thirty-seconds-over-lillehammer-on-air-tonya.html|archive-date=August 15, 2018|url-status=live}}

= Kerrigan and Harding share ice; Harding finishes eighth=

{{see also|Figure skating at the 1994 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles}}

File:Hamar Olympic Amfi 2006 (cropped).JPG.]]

On February 17, 1994, Harding and Kerrigan shared the ice at a practice session in the Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre. Approximately 400 members of the press were there to document the practice.{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_021894.htm|first=Christine|last=Brennan|title=Harding, Kerrigan Practice Together Under Scrutiny|newspaper=The Washington Post |date=February 18, 1994|access-date=July 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217052520/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_021894.htm|archive-date=February 17, 2018|url-status=live}} Scott Hamilton thought the sport was depicted as a "tabloid event."{{cite book |last1=Hamilton |page=255 |first1=Scott |first2=Lorenzo |last2=Benet |title=Landing It: My Life On and Off the Ice |year=1999 |publisher=Kensington Books |location=New York City|isbn=1-57566-466-6}} It was noted that Nancy Kerrigan chose to wear the same skating costume at the practice session that she was wearing when Stant attacked her.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/18/sports/winter-olympics-for-practice-a-two-ring-circus-in-one-rink.html |first=Jere|last=Longman|title=For Practice, a Two-Ring Circus in One Rink|work=The New York Times|date=February 18, 1994|access-date=August 14, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091004/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/18/sports/winter-olympics-for-practice-a-two-ring-circus-in-one-rink.html |archive-date=August 15, 2018}}{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940218.1.15&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22a+subtle+reminder+to+tonya%22-------1|format=TIFF|title=Tension on ice – Kerrigan, Harding quietly share Olympic practice space |work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|volume=137|number=48|date=February 18, 1994|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815055348/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SCS19940218.1.15&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-%22a+subtle+reminder+to+tonya%22-------1 |archive-date=August 15, 2018|url-status=live|agency=Associated Press}} Kerrigan later confirmed that her choice of dress that day was deliberate: "Humor is good, it's empowering."{{cite web |url=https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707093538/https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |url-status=live |work=NBC SportsWorld |title=Nancy & Tonya |year=2014 |type=documentary}} Nancy Kerrigan explaining her decision to wear the same white skating costume on February 17, 1994 – time code ca 0:43:16 The tape-delayed broadcast of the February 23 Ladies' Olympic technical program is one of the most watched telecasts in the US.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=chart_pass&charttype=chart_topshowsalltime |magazine=Variety|title=Top 100 TV Shows of All Time|date=August 6, 2000|access-date=July 26, 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315021343/http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=chart_pass&charttype=chart_topshowsalltime|archive-date=March 15, 2009}}{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/24/business/the-media-business-winter-olympics-ratings-on-record-pace-for-cbs.html|first=Richard|last=Sandomir|title=Winter Olympics Ratings On Record Pace for CBS|work=The New York Times |date=February 24, 1994|access-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718055043/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/24/business/the-media-business-winter-olympics-ratings-on-record-pace-for-cbs.html |archive-date=July 18, 2018|url-status=live}} On February 25, Harding finished eighth in the Olympics; a bootlace broke early in her free skate routine, and amid jeers from the crowd, she was allowed to restart. Nancy Kerrigan, having recovered from her injury, won silver behind Oksana Baiul from Ukraine.

= Guilty plea, admissions =

On March 9, 1994, Judge Owen Panner granted Harding a requested stay until June on her disciplinary hearing.{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/210813255/USFSA-s-decision-regarding-Tonya-Harding |title=USFSA's decision regarding Tonya Harding |website=Scribd |date=June 30, 1994 |access-date=July 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105031817/https://www.scribd.com/doc/210813255/USFSA-s-decision-regarding-Tonya-Harding |archive-date=November 5, 2015 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/03/22/jury-harding-in-on-plot/966b6613-14e9-4fcd-a2fc-c585deb3f4fc/|title=Jury: Harding in on Plot|newspaper=The Washington Post|first=Johnette|last=Howard|date=March 22, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901215908/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/03/22/jury-harding-in-on-plot/966b6613-14e9-4fcd-a2fc-c585deb3f4fc/|archive-date=September 1, 2018}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/11/sports/a-clear-path-for-harding.html|title=Clear Path for Harding|work=The New York Times|date=March 11, 1994|access-date=July 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721132744/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/11/sports/a-clear-path-for-harding.html|archive-date=July 21, 2018|url-status=live}} Meanwhile, Portland authorities stated the criminal investigation would conclude by March 21, with any indictments and a grand jury report to be made at that time.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_021594.htm|title=Thousands Watch Harding's Final Portland Workout|newspaper=The Washington Post|first=Christine|last=Spolar|date=February 15, 1994|access-date=July 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721132724/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_021594.htm|archive-date=July 21, 2018|url-status=live}}

On March 16, 1994, Harding pled guilty to conspiracy to hinder prosecution as a Class C felony offense at a Multnomah County court hearing. She and her lawyer, Robert Weaver, negotiated a plea bargain ensuring no further prosecution.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_031794.htm|title=Harding Admits Guilt in Plea Bargain, Avoids Prison|newspaper=The Washington Post|first=Johnette|last=Howard|date=March 17, 1994|access-date=July 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630152531/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_031794.htm|archive-date=June 30, 2018|url-status=live}} Judge Donald Londer conducted routine questioning to make certain Harding understood her agreement, that she was entering her plea "knowingly and voluntarily." Harding told Londer she was. Her plea admissions were: knowing of the assault plot after the fact; settling on a cover story with Gillooly and Eckardt on January 10; witnessing pay phone calls to Smith affirming the story on January 10 and 11; and lying to FBI with the story on January 18.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_020294.htm|title=Gillooly Pleads Guilty, Says Harding Approved Plot|last=Buckley|first=Stephen|date=February 2, 1994|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=June 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715161227/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_020294.htm|archive-date=July 15, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1994-02-02-9402020823-story.html|title=Attorney: 'What Did Tonya Know And When?'|date=February 2, 1994|work=Orlando Sentinel|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724093255/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1994-02-02/news/9402020823_1_nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-eckardt|archive-date=July 24, 2018|url-status=live}} Law enforcement had known about the pay phone calls, as investigators had been following and videotaping the co-conspirators since January 10.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012394.htm|department=Chronology of Kerrigan Attack|title=Tonya Harding Remains the Public Enigma|last=Brennan|first=Christine|date=January 23, 1994|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=August 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127035654/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012394.htm|archive-date=November 27, 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/01/sports/figure-skating-lawyer-for-skater-s-ex-husband-says-he-has-tied-her-to-attack.html|title=Lawyer for Skater's Ex-Husband Says He Has Tied Her to Attack|work=The New York Times|first=Michael|last=Janofsky|date=February 1, 1994|access-date=August 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074051/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/01/sports/figure-skating-lawyer-for-skater-s-ex-husband-says-he-has-tied-her-to-attack.html|archive-date=August 3, 2018|url-status=live}} Her penalties included three years of probation, a $100,000 fine, and 500 hours of community service. She agreed to reimburse Multnomah County $10,000 in legal expenses, undergo a psychiatric examination, and volunteered to give $50,000 to the Special Olympics Oregon (SOOR) charity.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/20/sports/figure-skating-harding-deal-handed-something-to-both-sides.html|title=Harding Deal Handed Something to Both Sides|work=The New York Times|first=Jere|last=Longman|date=March 20, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725033155/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/20/sports/figure-skating-harding-deal-handed-something-to-both-sides.html|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}} Oregon sentencing guidelines carried a maximum penalty of five years in prison.{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-03-17-mn-35216-story.html|title=Harding Pleads Guilty to Obstructing Justice. Olympian resigns.|work=Los Angeles Times|first=John|last=Balzar|date=March 17, 1994|access-date=July 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716092703/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-03-17/news/mn-35216_1_figure-skating-team|archive-date=July 16, 2018|url-status=live}}

Harding's plea conditions imposed her U.S. Figure Skating Association resignation, necessitating her withdrawal from the 1994 Worlds (for which she was scheduled to leave on March 17).{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/figure-skating-judge-accepts-harding-plea-in-conspiracy.html|title=Judge Accepts Harding Plea In Conspiracy|work=The New York Times|first=Michael|last=Janofsky|date=March 17, 1994|access-date=July 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724063033/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/figure-skating-judge-accepts-harding-plea-in-conspiracy.html|archive-date=July 24, 2018|url-status=live}} District attorney Norman Frink said if Harding had not agreed to the plea, she would have faced "an indictment on all possible charges...punishment was taking away [skating] privilege."{{cite news |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/2014/01/tonya_harding-nancy_kerrigan_h.html |title=Harding found guilty of hindering investigation |last1=Long |first1=James |last2=Hogan |first2=Dave |date=March 17, 1994 |newspaper=The Oregonian |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623222100/https://www.oregonlive.com/tonya-harding/2014/01/tonya_harding-nancy_kerrigan_h.html |archive-date=June 23, 2018}}{{cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/portland/2018/02/i_was_tonya_hardings_prosecuto.html|title='I, Tonya'? Well, I prosecuted. And Tonya Harding was guilty as charged|last=Frink|first=Norm|date=February 24, 2018|work=The Oregonian|access-date=March 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043915/https://www.oregonlive.com/portland/2018/02/i_was_tonya_hardings_prosecuto.html|archive-date=March 6, 2019|url-status=live}}

= Response from defense and USFSA =

Phil Knight, CEO of Nike, donated $25,000 toward Harding's legal fees.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_020294a.htm|first=Mark|last=Asher|title=Nike Steps Up With $25,000 for Harding's Defense|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 2, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725122806/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_020294a.htm|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newsweek.com/ropes-190372|first=Mark|last=Starr|title=On The Ropes|magazine=Newsweek|date=February 13, 1994|access-date=July 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064344/https://www.newsweek.com/ropes-190372|archive-date=August 1, 2018|url-status=live}} She had also made approximately $600,000 from an Inside Edition deal.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/19/sports/figure-skating-harding-learns-limits-of-a-felon-s-life.html|title=Harding Learns Limits of a Felon's Life|work=The New York Times|first=Jere|last=Longman|date=March 19, 1994|access-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725063716/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/19/sports/figure-skating-harding-learns-limits-of-a-felon-s-life.html|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/deal-tonya-190122|first=J.|last=Adler|title=A Deal For Tonya|magazine=Newsweek|date=February 20, 1994|access-date=July 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725122827/https://www.newsweek.com/deal-tonya-190122|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}}

Weaver said the plea agreement was satisfactory to Harding, partly because she avoided prison: "We would have prevailed at trial."{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/18/sports/figure-skating-harding-plea-bargain-is-called-a-time-saver.html|title=Harding Plea Bargain Is Called a Time-Saver|last=Janofsky|first=Michael|date=March 18, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724215052/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/18/sports/figure-skating-harding-plea-bargain-is-called-a-time-saver.html|archive-date=July 24, 2018|url-status=live}} An executive of the USFSA commented, "[We] don't know if Tonya is innocent or guilty...if [she was involved before] the national championship."{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/figure-skating-skating-group-is-angry-kerrigan-is-silent.html|title=Skating Group Is Angry; Kerrigan Is Silent|last=Longman|first=Jere|date=March 17, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=June 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725034931/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/17/sports/figure-skating-skating-group-is-angry-kerrigan-is-silent.html|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}} On March 18, Claire Ferguson decided Harding's disciplinary hearing would proceed in June. The USFSA's executive committee met to discuss Harding seeking reinstatement, and whether they might strip her of the 1994 National Championship title. Neither issue was decided at that time.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/18/sports/figure-skating-skating-association-schedules-hearing-in-june-on-harding.html|title=Skating Association Schedules Hearing in June on Harding|last=Longman|first=Jere|date=March 18, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=June 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725035235/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/18/sports/figure-skating-skating-association-schedules-hearing-in-june-on-harding.html|archive-date=July 25, 2018|url-status=live}}

=Grand jury indictment=

File:Tonya harding returning from norway 1994.jpg amid a crush of reporters after the 1994 Olympics.]]

On March 21, 1994, a Portland grand jury issued an indictment stating there was evidence Harding participated in the attack plot. The indictment concluded more than two months of investigation and witness testimonies from Diane Rawlinson; Harding's choreographer Erika Bakacs; freelance figure skating writer Vera Marano; and Eckardt's college instructor and classmates.{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Brennan |date=January 21, 1994 |title=Bodyguard says Harding knew of plot |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012194.htm |access-date=July 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127225704/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012194.htm |archive-date=January 27, 2018}}{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-02-02-mn-18226-story.html|title=Ex-Spouse Pleads Guilty & Implicates Harding|work=Los Angeles Times|first=John|last=Balzar|date=February 2, 1994|access-date=July 7, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526042504/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-02-02/news/mn-18226_1_2-year-prison-term|archive-date=May 26, 2018}} It stated there was evidence Harding fraudulently used USFSA-provided skating monies to finance the assault. It also read that Harding, Gillooly, Eckardt, Smith, and Stant agreed to "knowingly cause physical injury ... by means of a dangerous weapon." The grand jury said the evidence implied Harding was "involved from the beginning or very close." She was not charged in the indictment due to the terms of her March 16 plea agreement.{{cite news |title=Indictment says Harding involved in Kerrigan plot |date=March 22, 1994 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-03-22-sp-36995-story.html |access-date=July 25, 2018}}

=USFSA disciplinary panel meeting in June=

On June 29, 1994, the USFSA disciplinary panel met for nine hours over two days to consider Harding's alleged role in the attack.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/30/sports/sports-people-figure-skating-harding-punishment-under-consideration.html |title=Harding Punishment Under Consideration |date=June 30, 1994 |newspaper=The New York Times |url-status=live |access-date=August 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812054143/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/30/sports/sports-people-figure-skating-harding-punishment-under-consideration.html |archive-date=August 12, 2018}} On June 30, chairman William Hybl stated,

: "By a preponderance of the evidence, the panel did conclude that she had prior knowledge and was involved prior to the incident. This is based on civil standards, not criminal standards ... bank records, phone records – the way they came together to establish a case."

The panel decided that pertinent FBI reports, court documents, and Harding's March 16 plea agreement presented:

: "a clear disregard for fairness, good sportsmanship, and ethical behaviour."

Harding did not attend or participate in the two-day hearing. Weaver said the decision disappointed her, but was not a surprise, and that she had not decided on an appeal.{{cite news |title=U.S. title is taken back from Harding |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 1, 1994 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/01/sports/figure-skating-us-title-is-taken-back-from-harding.html |url-status=live |access-date=September 28, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131015035/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/01/sports/figure-skating-us-title-is-taken-back-from-harding.html |archive-date=January 31, 2010}}{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Brennan |author-link=Christine Brennan |date=July 1, 1994 |title=Harding stripped of title; banned for life |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_070194.htm |url-status=live |access-date=June 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715171131/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_070194.htm |archive-date=July 15, 2018}} Harding was stripped of her 1994 U.S. Championship title, and banned for life from participating in USFSA events as either a skater or coach. The USFSA has no authority over professional skating events, but after the scandal, Harding was persona non grata on the pro circuit. Few skaters and promoters would work with her, and she did not benefit from the ensuing boom in professional skating after the scandal.{{cite book |last1=Hamilton |first1=Scott |author1-link=Scott Hamilton (figure skater) |first2=Lorenzo |last2=Benet |title=Landing It: My Life On and Off the Ice |year=1999 |publisher=Kensington Books |isbn=1-57566-466-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/landingitmylifeo00hami }}

= Later interviews =

Shortly before the 1998 Winter Olympics, the CBS and Fox news divisions re-examined the scandal for two televised special reports.{{cite news |title=TV Sports: CBS Provides Entertaining Moments|first=Richard|last=Sandomir|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 6, 2018 |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/specials/olympics/nagano/021798oly-tv-sports.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706132456/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/specials/olympics/nagano/021798oly-tv-sports.html|archive-date=July 6, 2018|url-status=live|date=February 17, 1998}}{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/2778394bd828127ee9f32fb76299fa55|title=Nancy & Tonya, Together |first=Josh|last=Dubow |work=Associated Press|date=February 5, 1998|access-date=July 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705175403/https://apnews.com/2778394bd828127ee9f32fb76299fa55|archive-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live}} Harry Smith hosted the CBS special. He reported that Harding still held to her statement from her press conference given on January 27, 1994: "I had no prior knowledge of the planned assault on Nancy Kerrigan." Smith then interviewed Kerrigan, asking how she responded to that statement. Kerrigan referred to transcripts she had read from Harding's FBI interview on January 18, 1994. After reading through the interrogation of that day, she concluded that "[Tonya] knew more than she admits."{{cite web |last=3Axel1996 |date=February 1998 |title=Fluff Pieces, Set No. 15 – 1998 Nagano, Figure Skating |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rh_4iGxKdP0 |work=CBS News |via=YouTube → |postscript=Nancy Kerrigan recalling Harding's FBI transcripts}}{{Cite web |last=3Axel1996 |date=February 1998 |title=Fluff Pieces, Set No. 16 - 1998 Nagano, Figure Skating |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4RYw8LQap0 |access-date= |website=CBS News |via=YouTube → |postscript=Nancy Kerrigan recalling Harding's FBI transcripts}}{{cite news |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer|url=https://www.deseretnews.com/article/334609/RECORDS-INDICATE-HARDING-LIED-ABOUT-PHONE-CALLS.html|via=Deseret News|title=Records Indicate Harding Lied About Phone Calls|date=February 4, 1994 |first=Angelo|last=Bruscas|access-date=August 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927192851/https://www.deseretnews.com/article/334609/RECORDS-INDICATE-HARDING-LIED-ABOUT-PHONE-CALLS.html |archive-date=September 27, 2018}}{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/02/05/a-case-of-he-said-she-said/e85b11fd-e964-40f8-a3f6-1196083d2dd5/|title=A Case of He Said, She Said |first=Stephen|last=Buckley|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 5, 1994|access-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806183244/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1994/02/05/a-case-of-he-said-she-said/e85b11fd-e964-40f8-a3f6-1196083d2dd5/|archive-date=August 6, 2018|url-status=live}} The Fox special report was called Breaking the Ice: The Women of '94 Revisited, hosted by James Brown, and featured interviews of Harding, Gillooly, and Kerrigan.{{cite news|url=https://newsok.com/article/2601780/fox-relives-figure-skating-feud-tonight|title=Fox Relives Figure Skating Feud Tonight |first=Mel|last=Bracht|work=The Oklahoman|date=February 5, 1998|access-date=July 6, 2018}} Gillooly (granted a name change to Jeff Stone in 1995) said that Harding having avoided prison did not anger him, and that he felt his own punishment was just. Stone reflected on Harding's position of "limited involvement" in Kerrigan's attack, and speculated that a "guilty conscience" still troubled her. Brown then mediated a joint interview with both Kerrigan and Harding present. The two former competitors shared sincere desires for happy families and general well-wishes. Kerrigan said that she hoped Harding could learn from past mistakes and "find happiness."{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1998/02/08/for-openers-many-eyes-were-closed/2f226bf6-6cb3-422c-9ffe-d1c55790b5b6/|title=For Openers, Many Eyes were Closed|first=Leonard|last=Shapiro |newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 8, 1998|access-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805233553/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1998/02/08/for-openers-many-eyes-were-closed/2f226bf6-6cb3-422c-9ffe-d1c55790b5b6/|archive-date=August 5, 2018|url-status=live}} Harding said she was grateful to personally express remorse to Kerrigan again.{{cite news |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1998-02-06-9802060057-story.html|title=Harding's Apology Rejected |first=Sharon |last=Robb |work=Sun-Sentinel |date=February 6, 1998 |access-date=July 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705150853/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1998-02-06/sports/9802060057_1_harding-and-kerrigan-harding-s-ex-husband-nancy-kerrigan |archive-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=live }}

In Harding's 2008 biography, The Tonya Tapes (transcribed by Lynda D. Prouse from recorded interviews), she stated that she wanted to call the FBI in 1994 to reveal what she knew, but decided not to when Gillooly allegedly threatened her with death following a gunpoint gang rape by him and two other men she did not know. Gillooly responded with surprise that "groundless claims" against him could be published and specifically contended her gang rape accusation to be "utterly ridiculous."{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/news/tonya-harding-reveals-her-side-roller-coaster-life-1C9015579 |title=Tonya Harding reveals her side of 'roller-coaster life'|date=May 15, 2008|first=Mike|last=Celizic |website=Today.com|access-date=July 4, 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901024350/https://www.today.com/news/tonya-harding-reveals-her-side-roller-coaster-life-1C9015579|archive-date=September 1, 2017}} In 2013, Deadspin sought Gillooly for an interview, and he again defended himself against the gunpoint gang rape allegation. He expressed regret that Harding is often "remembered for what I talked her into doing," meaning allegedly plotting to injure Kerrigan.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/02/sports/figure-skating-what-gillooly-says-and-what-harding-says.html |title=What Gillooly Says, and What Harding Says |first=Joseph B. |last=Treaster |work=The New York Times |date=February 2, 1994 |access-date=June 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623085123/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/02/sports/figure-skating-what-gillooly-says-and-what-harding-says.html |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |url-status=live }}{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012994.htm|first=Johnette|last=Howard|title=Phone Records Could Link Harding to Attack|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 29, 1994|access-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714050807/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/longterm/olympics1998/history/timeline/articles/time_012994.htm|archive-date=July 14, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1994/02/14/130460/anatomy-of-a-plot-even-in-their-version-of-events----which-differs-from-tonya-hardings----the-confessed-conspirators-in-the-nancy-kerrigan-assault-were-at-once-goons-and-buffoons |first=E. M. |last=Swift |title=Anatomy of a Plot |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=February 14, 1994 |access-date=November 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623141054/https://www.si.com/vault/1994/02/14/130460/anatomy-of-a-plot-even-in-their-version-of-events----which-differs-from-tonya-hardings----the-confessed-conspirators-in-the-nancy-kerrigan-assault-were-at-once-goons-and-buffoons |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |url-status=live }}{{cite magazine |first=Randall|last=Sullivan|title=The Tonya Harding Fall |magazine=Rolling Stone|date=July 14, 1994 |issue=686/687 |page=80 |via=Scribd|access-date=October 22, 2021 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/534375847/Tonya-Harding-Fall|quote=Jeff saw [Tonya] for the first time in six days on...Jan. 25...loading their furniture into the bed of the blue Ford pickup. Tonya told him, "I just want you to know that I really do appreciate you taking the blame for all this," Jeff recalled, then asked for a hug. The FBI already had enough to arrest her, Jeff warned. They couldn't prove anything, Tonya replied. She said, "Good luck," Jeff recalled, squeezed his hand, gave him a wink and left. It was the last time he saw her.}} Gillooly admitted that his past "stupidity" was part of Harding's 1994 ruin, and maintained that he still considered her a great figure skater. He also said, "I've had it easy, compared to poor Tonya... she tends to be the butt of the joke. It's kind of sad to me."{{cite news |title=Finding Gillooly |last=Nelson |first=Amy K. |author-link=Amy K. Nelson |website=Deadspin|date=December 13, 2013 |url=https://deadspin.com/finding-gillooly-what-happened-to-figure-skatings-inf-1482669790|access-date=June 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622084054/https://deadspin.com/finding-gillooly-what-happened-to-figure-skatings-inf-1482669790|archive-date=June 22, 2018|url-status=live}}

In 2014, Nancy Kerrigan addressed the scandal during a brief interview with sportscaster Bob Costas: "Whatever apology Tonya has given, I accept it. It's time for all us—I've always wished [Tonya] well. She has her own family, I have my family. It's time to make that our focus, and move on with our lives."{{cite web |url=https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707093538/https://sportsworld.nbcsports.com/nancy-tonya/ |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |url-status=live |work=NBC SportsWorld |title=Nancy & Tonya |year=2014 |type=documentary}} Costas spoke on air with Kerrigan after Nancy & Tonya (2014) played on NBC. Costas asked Kerrigan about the Breaking the Ice (1998) meeting with Harding and whether Kerrigan felt any sense of closure – time code ca 1:01:16

Later career

On February 15, 1994, an explicit 1991 videotape clip of Harding topless was shown on A Current Affair; three still frames from this clip were also published in The Sun (a British tabloid newspaper).{{cite news|last=Longman|first=Jere|title=Olympics; Harding Arrives & Greets Kerrigan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/17/sports/winter-olympics-harding-arrives-and-greets-kerrigan.html|access-date=July 10, 2018|work=The New York Times|date=February 17, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711091937/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/17/sports/winter-olympics-harding-arrives-and-greets-kerrigan.html|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last=Preston|first=Mike|title=Missing ceremonies USOC's idea, Harding says|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1994-02-19-1994050021-story.html|access-date=July 11, 2018|work=The Baltimore Sun|date=February 19, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711151914/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-02-19/sports/1994050021_1_rawlinson-tonya-harding-lillehammer-olympics|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=live}} The New York Post reported that Gillooly had supplied the videotaped fragment for an undisclosed sum of money.{{cite news|title=Harding Met By Cameras, Fans At Sea-Tac|url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19940215/1895367/olympic-notebook----harding-met-by-cameras-fans-at-sea-tac|access-date=July 10, 2018|work=The Seattle Times|date=February 15, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711091720/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19940215&slug=1895367|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=live}}

On July 26, 1994, Penthouse announced that its September issue would feature different stills of Harding and Gillooly having sex from the same extended videotape.{{cite magazine|magazine=Time|title=Tonya, The X-rated Video|url=http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1291,00.html|access-date=July 10, 2018|date=July 26, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705124210/http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1291,00.html|archive-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live}} This 35-minute sex tape would also be copied and marketed exclusively by Penthouse.{{cite news|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/07/26/Penthouse-to-market-Harding-video/4605775195200|agency=United Press International (UPI)|title=Penthouse to market Harding video|access-date=July 11, 2018|date=July 26, 1994|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711185221/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/07/26/Penthouse-to-market-Harding-video/4605775195200|archive-date=July 11, 2018|url-status=live}} Both Gillooly and Harding used the same agent to negotiate equal payment on the Penthouse sale.{{cite web|url=https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/28872834_tonya-harding-s-original-1994-contract-with-penthouse|title=Tonya Harding's Original 1994 Contract with Penthouse|website=LiveAuctioneers|date=August 20, 2014|access-date=June 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623112954/https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/28872834_tonya-harding-s-original-1994-contract-with-penthouse|archive-date=June 23, 2018|url-status=live}}

On June 22, 1994, in Portland, Oregon, Harding appeared on an AAA professional wrestling show as the manager for wrestling stable Los Gringos Locos. The night's performance included Art Barr and Eddie Guerrero.{{sfn|Guerrero|2005|pages=100–1}} A promotional musical event was unsuccessful when Harding and her band, the Golden Blades, were booed off the stage at their only performance, in 1995 in Portland.{{cite magazine|date=September 18, 1995|title=Stage Fright|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20101626,00.html|url-status=dead|magazine=People|volume=44|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013210536/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20101626,00.html|archive-date=October 13, 2012|access-date=April 19, 2013|number=12}}{{cite news |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19950830/2139013/tonya-harding-debuts-as-singer-in-portland-concert-for-mda |title=Tonya Harding Debuts As Singer In Portland Concert For MDA |work=The Seattle Times |date=August 30, 1995 |access-date=April 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929125010/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19950830&slug=2139013 |archive-date=September 29, 2012 |url-status=live }}

In 1994, Harding was cast in Breakaway, an action film, alongside Teri Fruichantie and Joseph "Joe" Estévez. The plot centered on Harding being unwittingly involved in an organized crime syndicate's attempt to violently recover $300,000 of stolen money. The film was released in 1996.{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0115747/|title=Breakaway (1996)|date=December 28, 1996|via=IMDb}}{{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=May 2022}}

Harding has also appeared on television, on the game show The Weakest Link: "15 Minutes of Fame Edition" in 2002 along with Kato Kaelin,{{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Hayes|title=The Best of Times: The Boom and Bust Years of America|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|location=Boston,. Massachusetts|url=https://archive.org/details/bestoftimes00hayn|url-access=registration|format=ebook|year=2002|page=[https://archive.org/details/bestoftimes00hayn/page/594 594]|isbn=978-0-156-02701-4}}

and in March 2008, became a commentator for TruTV's truTV Presents: World's Dumbest....{{cite web |url=http://www.tv.com/shows/trutv-presents-worlds-dumbest/cast/ |title=truTV Presents: World's Dumbest |website=TV.com |access-date=November 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129082931/http://www.tv.com/shows/trutv-presents-worlds-dumbest/cast/ |archive-date=November 29, 2016 |url-status=live }}

Since leaving skating and boxing, Harding has worked as a welder, a painter at a metal fabrication company, and a hardware sales clerk at Sears.{{cite news |last1=Brodesser-Akner |first1=Taffy |author-link=Taffy Brodesser-Akner |title=Tonya Harding Would Like Her Apology Now |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/10/movies/tonya-harding-i-tonya-nancy-kerrigan-scandal.html |access-date=January 10, 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=January 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305150112/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/10/movies/tonya-harding-i-tonya-nancy-kerrigan-scandal.html |archive-date=March 5, 2018 |url-status=live }} In 2017, she stated that she worked as a painter and deck builder.{{cite AV media|title=I, Tonya|people=Gillespie, Craig (dir.)|year=2017|publisher=Neon Films}} She lives in Vancouver, Washington.{{Cite news|url=http://www.wweek.com/sports/2018/01/11/tonya-harding-moved-away-from-oregon-maybe-because-people-threw-rats-in-her-mailbox/|title=Tonya Harding Moved Away From Oregon, Maybe Because People Threw Rats In Her Mailbox|last=Herron|first=Elise|date=January 11, 2018|newspaper=Willamette Week|access-date=January 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729050042/http://www.wweek.com/sports/2018/01/11/tonya-harding-moved-away-from-oregon-maybe-because-people-threw-rats-in-her-mailbox/|archive-date=July 29, 2018|url-status=live}}{{Cite web |date=2025-06-08 |title=These famous folks are linked to Vancouver and Clark County in ways you may not have realized |url=https://www.columbian.com/news/2023/dec/25/these-famous-folks-are-linked-to-vancouver-and-clark-county-in-ways-you-may-not-have-realized/ |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=The Columbian |language=en-US}}

In August 2019, Harding was seen in a television commercial in the United States promoting Direct Auto Insurance.{{cite web |url=https://www.directauto.com/tonya-harding |title=Tonya Harding Joins Direct Auto Insurance |website=directauto.com |access-date=March 10, 2021 |archive-date=June 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623044104/https://www.directauto.com/tonya-harding |url-status=dead }}

=Boxing career=

{{Infobox boxer

| nickname = Bad Girl

| height = 5 ft 1 in

| reach =

| weight = {{plainlist|

}}

| style = Orthodox

| total = 6

| wins = 3

| KO = 0

| losses = 3

}}

In 2002, Harding boxed against Paula Jones on the Fox Network Celebrity Boxing event, winning the fight. On February 22, 2003, she made her official women's professional boxing debut, losing a four-round split decision against Samantha Browning on the undercard of Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne. Harding's boxing career came about amid rumors that she was having financial difficulties, and needed to fight in the ring to earn money.{{cite news |title=Tonya Harding Loses in Pro Boxing Debut |url=http://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/Tonya-Harding-Loses-in-Pro-Boxing-Debut-7070027.php |first=Barry |last=Wilner |date=February 21, 2003 |work=Midland Daily News |access-date=November 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043027/http://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/Tonya-Harding-Loses-in-Pro-Boxing-Debut-7070027.php |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |url-status=live }} She did another celebrity boxing match, on The Man Show, and won against co-host Doug Stanhope. Stanhope later claimed on his podcast that the fight was fixed because Harding refused to "fight a man."{{cite web |url=http://stanhope.libsyn.com/ep-22-comedian-andy-andrist-pt2 |title=Ep. #22: Comedian Andy Andrist – Pt.2 |website=The Doug Stanhope Podcast |access-date=June 5, 2017|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808143606/http://stanhope.libsyn.com/ep-22-comedian-andy-andrist-pt2 |archive-date=August 8, 2016}}

On March 23, 2004, it was reported that she cancelled a planned boxing match against Tracy Carlton in Oakland, California, because of an alleged death threat against her.{{cite news |title=Why Harding wasn't in bout / Manager cites death threats, skills of foe |url=http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Why-Harding-wasn-t-in-bout-Manager-cites-death-2777303.php |first=Dwight |last=Chapin |date=March 23, 2004 |access-date=December 28, 2017 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113191641/http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Why-Harding-wasn-t-in-bout-Manager-cites-death-2777303.php |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |url-status=live }}

On June 24, 2004, she was defeated by Amy Johnson in a match held in Edmonton, Alberta. Fans reportedly booed Harding as she entered the ring, and cheered wildly for Johnson when she won in the third round.{{cite web|title=Harding takes pounding|url=https://www.news24.com/xArchive/Sport/MoreSport/Tonya-Harding-takes-pounding-20040626|website=News24.com|date=June 26, 2004|access-date=December 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103003506/https://www.news24.com/xArchive/Sport/MoreSport/Tonya-Harding-takes-pounding-20040626|archive-date=January 3, 2018|url-status=live}}

Her boxing career was cut short by her asthma.{{cite news|last=Fitzpatrick|first=Dave|title=Tonya: Boxing on Ice|url=https://www.wweek.com/portland/article-3842-tonya-boxing-on-ice.html|access-date=October 12, 2018|work=Willamette Week|date=November 16, 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013053907/https://www.wweek.com/portland/article-3842-tonya-boxing-on-ice.html|archive-date=October 13, 2018|url-status=live}} Her overall record was three wins and three losses.{{Cite web|url=http://boxrec.com/en/boxer/175290|title=Tonya Harding|website=BoxRec|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628124747/http://boxrec.com/en/boxer/175290|archive-date=June 28, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=June 17, 2019}}

==Professional boxing record==

{{BoxingRecordSummary

|ko-losses=2

|dec-wins=3

|dec-losses=1

}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
{{abbr\|No.\|Number}} !Result !Record !Opponent !Type !Round, time !Date !Location
1 \|{{no2}}Loss \|0–1 \| style="text-align:left;" \|Samantha Browning \|{{abbr\|SD\|Split decision}} \|4 \|February 22, 2003 \| style="text-align:left;" \|{{small\|The Pyramid, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.}}
2 \|{{yes2}}Win \|1–1 \| style="text-align:left;" \|Shannon Birmingham \|{{abbr\|UD\|Unanimous decision}} \|4 \|March 15, 2003 \| style="text-align:left;" \|{{small\|Grand Casino, Gulfport, Mississippi, U.S.}}
3 \|{{yes2}}Win \|2–1 \| style="text-align:left;" \|Alejandra Lopez \|UD \|4 \|March 28, 2003 \| style="text-align:left;" \|{{small\|Creek Nation Gaming Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.}}
4 \|{{yes2}}Win \|3–1 \| style="text-align:left;" \|Emily Gosa \|UD \|4 \|June 13, 2003 \| style="text-align:left;" \|{{small\|Chinook Winds Casino, Lincoln City, Oregon, U.S.}}
5 \|{{no2}}Loss \|3–2 \| style="text-align:left;" \|Melissa Yanas \|{{abbr\|TKO\|Technical knockout}} \|1 (4), {{small\|1:13}} \|August 2, 2003 \| style="text-align:left;" \|{{small\|Silver City Cabaret, Dallas, Texas, U.S.}}
6 \|{{no2}}Loss \|3–3 \|style="text-align:left;"\|Amy Johnson \|TKO \|3 (4), {{small\|1:04}} \|June 25, 2004 \|style="text-align:left;"\|{{small\|Shaw Conference Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"

!Result

!Record

!Opponent

!Type

!Round, time

!Date

!Location

|{{no2}}Loss

|0–1

| style="text-align:left;" |Samantha Browning

|{{abbr|SD|Split decision}}

|February 22, 2003

| style="text-align:left;" |{{small|The Pyramid, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.}}

|{{yes2}}Win

|1–1

| style="text-align:left;" |Shannon Birmingham

|{{abbr|UD|Unanimous decision}}

|March 15, 2003

| style="text-align:left;" |{{small|Grand Casino, Gulfport, Mississippi, U.S.}}

|{{yes2}}Win

|2–1

| style="text-align:left;" |Alejandra Lopez

|UD

|March 28, 2003

| style="text-align:left;" |{{small|Creek Nation Gaming Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.}}

|{{yes2}}Win

|3–1

| style="text-align:left;" |Emily Gosa

|UD

|June 13, 2003

| style="text-align:left;" |{{small|Chinook Winds Casino, Lincoln City, Oregon, U.S.}}

|{{no2}}Loss

|3–2

| style="text-align:left;" |Melissa Yanas

|{{abbr|TKO|Technical knockout}}

|1 (4), {{small|1:13}}

|August 2, 2003

| style="text-align:left;" |{{small|Silver City Cabaret, Dallas, Texas, U.S.}}

|{{no2}}Loss

|3–3

|style="text-align:left;"|Amy Johnson

|TKO

|3 (4), {{small|1:04}}

|June 25, 2004

|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Shaw Conference Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada}}

Other appearances

= Automobile racing land speed record =

On August 12, 2009, Harding set a new land speed record for a vintage gas coupe with a speed of {{Convert|97.177|mph|km/h m/s|abbr=on}} driving a 1931 Ford Model A, named Lickity-Split, on the Bonneville Salt Flats.{{cite web |url=http://www.scta-bni.org/Bonneville/Speed%2BWeek%2B09/records_12.htm |title=Speed Week Results Wednesday August 12, 2009 |date=August 19, 2009 |website=Southern California Timing Association and Bonneville Nationals Inc. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819071717/http://www.scta-bni.org/Bonneville/Speed%20Week%2009/records_12.htm |archive-date=August 19, 2009 }}{{cite news|last=Eggers|first=Kerry|title=Life of Tonya|url=https://portlandtribune.com/component/content/article?id=56984|access-date=October 13, 2018|work=Portland Tribune|date=October 19, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012220111/https://portlandtribune.com/component/content/article?id=56984|archive-date=October 12, 2018|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://www.charliesweb.com/tonya/whatsnew/whatsnew.html |title=What's New?: Tonya sets record at Bonnevill Salt Flats |website=Charliesweb.com |access-date=December 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228003510/http://www.charliesweb.com/tonya/whatsnew/whatsnew.html |archive-date=February 28, 2017 |url-status=live }}

=''Dancing with the Stars''=

On April 13, 2018, Harding was announced as one of the celebrities who would compete on season 26 of Dancing with the Stars. Her professional partner was Sasha Farber.{{cite web |first=Catherine |last=Thorbecke |date=April 13, 2018 |title=Adam Rippon, Tonya Harding and more superstar athletes to face-off in Dancing With the Stars season 26 |website=ABC News |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Culture/adam-rippon-tonya-harding-superstar-athletes-face-off/story?id=54406972 |access-date=April 13, 2018}} Harding and Farber ended up finishing in third place.{{cite web |url=https://www.etonline.com/dwts-reveals-official-runner-up-did-tonya-harding-or-josh-norman-place-second-102866 |title='DWTS' Reveals Official Runner-Up |last=Brendish |first=Lynda |date=May 22, 2018 |website=ETonline.com |access-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605223057/https://www.etonline.com/dwts-reveals-official-runner-up-did-tonya-harding-or-josh-norman-place-second-102866 |archive-date=June 5, 2019 |url-status=live }}

class="wikitable unsortable" style="text-align:center;" \|+Tonya Harding - Dancing with the Stars (season 26) ! scope="col" \| Week ! scope="col" \| Dance ! scope="col" \| Music ! scope="col" colspan="3" \| Judges' scores{{efn\|Individual judges' scores are listed in the following order: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli.}} !Total score ! scope="col" \| Result
scope="row" \| 1 \| Foxtrot \| "When You Believe" — Whitney Houston & Mariah Carey \| 8 \| 8 \| 7 \| 23 \| Safe
rowspan="2" scope="row" \| 2 \| Quickstep \| "Redneck Woman" — Gretchen Wilson \| 8 \| 8 \| 8 \| 33{{Efn\|Tonya also received a score of 9 from guest judge Rashad Jennings.}} \| rowspan="2" \| Safe
Freestyle (Team 1950s Tennis) \| "...Baby One More Time" — The Baseballs \| 8 \| 8 \| 8 \| 33{{Efn\|Tonya's team also received a score of 9 from guest judge Rashad Jennings.}}
rowspan="2" scope="row" \| 3 \| Rumba \| "See You Again" — Tyler Ward \| 8 \| 8 \| 8 \| 33{{Efn\|Tonya also received a score of 9 from guest judge David Ross.}} \| rowspan="2" \| Safe
Cha-cha-cha (Dance-off) \| "Dance" — DNCE \| colspan="3" \| Winner \| 2{{efn\|Tonya received two bonus points for winning this dance-off.}}
rowspan="2" scope="row" \| 4 \| Viennese waltz \| "The Time of My Life" — David Cook \| 8 \| 9 \| 9 \| 26 \| rowspan="2" bgcolor="tan" \| Third place
Freestyle \| "I Will Survive " — The Pussycat Dolls \| 10 \| 10 \| 10 \| 30

class="wikitable unsortable" style="text-align:center;"

|+Tonya Harding - Dancing with the Stars (season 26)

! scope="col" | Week

! scope="col" | Dance

! scope="col" | Music

! scope="col" colspan="3" | Judges' scores{{efn|Individual judges' scores are listed in the following order: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli.}}

!Total score

! scope="col" | Result

scope="row" | 1

| Foxtrot

| "When You Believe" — Whitney Houston & Mariah Carey

| 8

| 7

| 23

| Safe

rowspan="2" scope="row" | 2

| Quickstep

| "Redneck Woman" — Gretchen Wilson

| 8

| 33{{Efn|Tonya also received a score of 9 from guest judge Rashad Jennings.}}

| rowspan="2" | Safe

Freestyle
(Team 1950s Tennis)

| "...Baby One More Time" — The Baseballs

| 8

| 33{{Efn|Tonya's team also received a score of 9 from guest judge Rashad Jennings.}}

rowspan="2" scope="row" | 3

| Rumba

| "See You Again" — Tyler Ward

| 8

| 33{{Efn|Tonya also received a score of 9 from guest judge David Ross.}}

| rowspan="2" | Safe

Cha-cha-cha
(Dance-off)

| "Dance" — DNCE

| colspan="3" | Winner

| 2{{efn|Tonya received two bonus points for winning this dance-off.}}

rowspan="2" scope="row" | 4

| Viennese waltz

| "The Time of My Life" — David Cook

| 8

| 9

| 26

| rowspan="2" bgcolor="tan" | Third place

Freestyle

| "I Will Survive " — The Pussycat Dolls

| 10

| 30

=''Worst Cooks in America''=

In August 2018, Harding was announced as one of the celebrities who would compete in the fifth celebrity edition of Food Network's Worst Cooks in America, set to broadcast in April 2019. Harding, learning under Chef Anne Burrell, ultimately won the competition. The US$25,000 prize went to her chosen charity of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.{{Cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/entertainment/2019/06/tonya-harding-wins-worst-cooks-in-america-celebrity-edition-this-time-ill-say-it-was-me-i-did-it.html|title=Tonya Harding wins 'Worst Cooks in America: Celebrity Edition': 'This time I'll say it was me, I did it'|last=Turnquist|first=Kristi|date=June 3, 2019|work=The Oregonian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607113244/https://www.oregonlive.com/entertainment/2019/06/tonya-harding-wins-worst-cooks-in-america-celebrity-edition-this-time-ill-say-it-was-me-i-did-it.html|archive-date=June 7, 2019|url-status=live}}

Personal life

Harding is the only child of Albert Gordon Harding and LaVona Golden, who had been married three times before and had four other children. The two divorced in 1987. Harding had a tumultuous relationship with her mother, alleging both physical and emotional abuse. She cites one occasion where her mother threw a knife at her, leaving a permanent scar on her arm.{{Cite web|title=What Happened To Tonya Harding's Dad? Al Harding Was A Big Influence On His Daughter|url=https://www.bustle.com/p/what-happened-to-tonya-hardings-dad-al-harding-was-a-big-influence-on-his-daughter-7840536|access-date=December 1, 2020|website=Bustle|date=January 11, 2018 }}

Harding began a relationship with 17-year-old Jeff Gillooly in September 1986 when she was 15. They moved into a home together in 1988 when he worked in distribution at the Oregon Liquor Control Commission.{{sfn|Prouse|Harding|2008|pages=101–103}}{{cite book |last1=Haight |first1=Abby |last2=Vader |first2=J.E. |year=1994 |page=12 |title=Fire on Ice |publisher=Three Rivers Press|location=New York City|isbn=9780525575313}} They married on March 18, 1990, when she was 19 and he was 22. In January 1992, Harding told Terry Richard of The Oregonian, "Jeff always put food on the table and a roof over my head. He paid for my skating for a couple of years. If it hadn't been for him during that time, I wouldn't have been skating."Haight, Vader (1994), p.28 They divorced on August 28, 1993. During the autumn of 1993, Gillooly was working part-time managing Harding's career and taking real estate classes.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/14/sports/figure-skating-bitter-rivals-are-also-fighting-for-big-dollars.html|title=Figure Skating; Bitter Rivals Are Also Fighting for Big Dollars|first=Jere|last=Longman|work=The New York Times|date=January 14, 1994|access-date=July 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731062144/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/14/sports/figure-skating-bitter-rivals-are-also-fighting-for-big-dollars.html|archive-date=July 31, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news |first=Michelle|last=Kaufman|work=The Seattle Times |title=The Turbulent Life Of Tonya Harding |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19940113/1889460/the-turbulent-life-of-tonya-harding----shes-not-a-typical-skater|date=January 13, 1994 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713042946/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19940113&slug=1889460|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=July 30, 2018}} Harding and Gillooly had been continuing to see each other since early October 1993, and were sharing a rented chalet{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1994/02/21/figures-in-a-mall|title=Figures in a Mall – People who say Harding lives in Portland have missed the point. She comes from a place that's tougher and more intractable.|last=Orlean|first=Susan|author-link1=Susan Orlean|magazine=The New Yorker|date=February 21, 1994|access-date=July 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809123157/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1994/02/21/figures-in-a-mall|archive-date=August 9, 2018|url-status=live}} in Beavercreek, Oregon until January 18, 1994.

Harding married Michael Smith in 1995; they divorced in 1996.{{cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/athlete/tonya-harding|website=Biography.com|publisher=A&E Television Networks|location=New York City|date=September 4, 2019|title=Tonya Harding Biography|access-date=November 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024150130/https://www.biography.com/athlete/tonya-harding|archive-date=October 24, 2019|url-status=live}} On October 29, 1996, Harding received media attention after using mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to help revive an 81-year-old woman who collapsed at a bar in Portland while playing video poker.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/29/sports/harding-helps-to-save-woman-s-life.html|title=Harding Helps to Save Woman's Life|work=The New York Times|agency=Associated Press|date=October 29, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111110149/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/29/sports/harding-helps-to-save-woman-s-life.html|archive-date=November 11, 2012|url-status=live|access-date=April 19, 2013}}

On February 22, 2000, Harding attacked her then-boyfriend, Darren Silver, repeatedly punching him in the face and throwing a hubcap at his head. The attack left Silver with a bloodied face and Harding was arrested. She initially pleaded not guilty to misdemeanor charges; but in a May trial in Clark County District Court, Harding admitted to attacking Silver, and was sentenced to three days in jail, 10 days of community service, and a suspended jail sentence of 167 days.{{Cite web|title=ESPN.com - SKATING - Harding pleads innocent to assault charge|url=https://www.espn.com/skating/news/2000/0223/376185.html|access-date=June 30, 2021|website=ESPN}}{{Cite news|date=May 18, 2000|title=Harding pleads guilty to hitting boyfriend|work=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/harding-pleads-guilty-to-hitting-boyfriend-1.230134|access-date=June 29, 2021}}

She married 42-year-old Joseph Price on June 23, 2010, when she was 39 years old. She gave birth to a son named Gordon on February 19, 2011.{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/parents/tonya-harding-welcomes-a-son/|title=Harding welcomes son|date=Feb 2011|first=M|last=Fleeman|magazine=People|access-date=February 27, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043534/https://people.com/parents/tonya-harding-welcomes-a-son/|archive-date=March 6, 2019|url-status=live}}

On February 26, 2018, Harding stated on The Ellen DeGeneres Show that she is still active in skating and practices three times a week. She performed several jumps and spins on the show. She trains with her former coach, Dody Teachman.{{cite web|title=Tonya Harding on her continued love for figure skating & what her life is like today|first1=Cat|last1=Rakowski|first2=Alexa|last2=Valiente|date=Jan 2018|access-date=February 5, 2018|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/tonya-harding-continued-love-figure-skating-life-today/story?id=52260238|work=ABC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184520/http://abcnews.go.com/US/tonya-harding-continued-love-figure-skating-life-today/story?id=52260238|archive-date=February 5, 2018|url-status=live}}

Cultural effects

Harding's life, career, and role in the 1994 attack have been widely referenced in popular culture, including a 2007 primary campaign speech by then-Democratic Presidential nominee Barack Obama, in which he said, "Folks said there's no way Obama has a chance unless he goes and kneecaps the person ahead of us, does a Tonya Harding."{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/deadlineusa/2009/mar/04/tonya-harding-barack-obama-name-kneecap|work=The Guardian|title=Tonya Harding bitter & thankful over Obama's 'kneecap' comment|date=March 4, 2009|access-date=May 25, 2010|first=Paul|last=Lester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906075711/http://www.theguardian.com/world/deadlineusa/2009/mar/04/tonya-harding-barack-obama-name-kneecap|archive-date=September 6, 2013|url-status=live}} In 2014, Matt Harkins and Viviana Olen created the Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding Museum in their Brooklyn apartment, collecting and archiving memorabilia related to Nancy Kerrigan and Harding.{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/04/19/400736119/like-dynasty-on-ice-the-nancy-kerrigan-and-tonya-harding-museum|title=Like 'Dynasty' On Ice: Nancy Kerrigan & Tonya Harding Museum|newspaper=NPR|date=April 19, 2015|access-date=December 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211182710/http://www.npr.org/2015/04/19/400736119/like-dynasty-on-ice-the-nancy-kerrigan-and-tonya-harding-museum/|archive-date=February 11, 2017|url-status=live|last1=Ritchie|first1=L. Carol}} A contemporaneous Vogue article noted that Harding had developed a "cult following" through the years.{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/fashion-runway-i-tonya-costumes-90s-fashion|work=Vogue|title=I, Tonya's Costume Designer on Why She Didn't Want to Take a Cheap Shot at '90s Fashion|first=Brooke|last=Bobb|date=December 8, 2017|access-date=January 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205000726/https://www.vogue.com/article/fashion-runway-i-tonya-costumes-90s-fashion|archive-date=February 5, 2018|url-status=live}}

= Representation in other media =

Sharp Edges (1986), Sandra Luckow's senior-thesis project for her film studies major. Luckow was Harding's childhood friend, and the documentary followed Harding and her coaches to Uniondale, New York as she competed in the February 1986 U.S. Figure Skating Championships. The film featured interviews with Harding, her mother, and coaches.{{cite magazine|last=Gleiberman|first=Owen|author-link=Owen Gleiberman|title=Film Review: The 1986 Tonya Harding Documentary 'Sharp Edges'|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/reviews/film-review-sharp-edges-tonya-harding-1986-1202865442/|access-date=August 12, 2018|magazine=Variety|date=July 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812114730/https://variety.com/2018/film/reviews/film-review-sharp-edges-tonya-harding-1986-1202865442/|archive-date=August 12, 2018|url-status=live}}
Spunk: The Tonya Harding Story (1994), Comedy Central five-minute short film parody summarizing the scandal, estimated to have aired on February 25, 1994. Tina Yothers portrayed Harding.
Tonya & Nancy: The Inside Story (1994), NBC TV film based on public domain material, premiered on April 30, 1994; written by previous Edgar Award winner Phil Penningroth. Alexandra Powers portrayed Harding and Heather Langenkamp portrayed Nancy Kerrigan. It featured fourth wall-breaking by having Dennis Boutsikaris play the film's screenwriter: "We imprisoned [Tonya and Nancy] in images we use to sell newspapers, soup, and TV movies. They're victims of those that the media serve."{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/tonya-nancy-the-inside-story-1200436535/|title=Tonya & Nancy: The Inside Story|last=Loynd|first=Ray|date=April 29, 1994|website=Variety|access-date=September 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180204182406/https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/tonya-nancy-the-inside-story-1200436535/|archive-date=February 4, 2018|url-status=live}}
National Lampoon's Attack of the 5'2" Women (1994),{{cite AV media|author=Brown, Julie |author-link=Julie Brown|year=2014|title=National Lampoon's Attack of the 5 Ft. 2 In. Women (1994)|url=https://vimeo.com/channels/812146/104201718|access-date=July 18, 2018|publisher=Imagination Productions|via=Vimeo}} a Showtime TV film, released on August 21, 1994; directed by the U.S. Writers Guild Award-winning comedian Julie Brown. Brown spoofed Harding by portraying her in "Tonya: The Battle of Wounded Knee," which Brown also wrote. Her original song, "Queen of the Ice," was nominated for a CableACE Award.
In Living Color (1994 sketches), Carol Rosenthal portrayed Harding in "Tonya Harding for The Club"; aired on February 3.
"The Understudy": 1995 Seinfeld episode, alluded to Harding with Jerry Seinfeld's Broadway performer girlfriend. She has a problem with her boot laces (as Harding encountered in the Olympics). Jerry's girlfriend performed because the lead actress had an injury supposedly caused by hitman, George Costanza; originally aired on May 18, 1995.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ZOPQ-eh6z0C&pg=PA180|title=Seinfeld, Master of Its Domain|access-date=April 9, 2009|first1=David|last1=Lavery|first2=Sara L.|last2=Dunne|date=2006|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|location=New York City|isbn=9780826418036|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705063130/http://books.google.com/books?id=8ZOPQ-eh6z0C&pg=PA180|archive-date=July 5, 2014|url-status=live}}
Harding and her role in the 1994 scandal were referenced in several songs, including "Headline News" by "Weird Al" Yankovic;{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-08-02-9708020024-story.html|title=Yankovic Still Weird, Still a Master of Parody|date=August 2, 1997|first=Lou|last=Carlozo|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 9, 2020}} "Queen of the Ice" by Julie Brown; "Breakin' Knees Is Hard to Do" by Capitol Steps;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/13/weekinreview/word-for-word-musical-sendups-stop-name-parody-supremes-uphold-tradition.html|title=Musical Sendups; Stop, in the Name of Parody!|date=March 13, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718083911/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/13/weekinreview/word-for-word-musical-sendups-stop-name-parody-supremes-uphold-tradition.html|archive-date=July 18, 2018}} "5 Fingas of Death" by Diamond D; "Tonya's Twirls" by Loudon Wainwright III;{{cite web|url=http://www.lwiii.com/itinerary.php?section=concertreports&id=8|title=January 19, 1996 (Early Show) The Bottom Line, NYC|website=Loudon Wainwright III|access-date=July 21, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928083237/http://www.lwiii.com/itinerary.php?section=concertreports&id=8|archive-date=September 28, 2007}} "Aunt Dot" by Lil' Kim; "Strange Clouds" by B.o.B; "Put Some Keys On That" by Lil Wayne;{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/nancy-kerrigan-versus-tonya-harding-a-beef-timeline/|work=Noisey|publisher=Vice|title=Tonya Harding : A Rap History|author=Solomon, Dan|date=February 12, 2012|access-date=February 5, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184551/https://noisey.vice.com/en_ca/article/bry8w6/nancy-kerrigan-versus-tonya-harding-a-beef-timeline|archive-date=February 5, 2018}} "Tonya Harding" by Sufjan Stevens;{{cite web |url=https://pitchfork.com/news/sufjan-releases-new-song-tonya-harding-listen/ |title=Sufjan Releases New Song 'Tonya Harding' |last=Monroe |first=Jazz |website=Pitchfork |date=December 6, 2017 |access-date=December 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210232221/https://pitchfork.com/news/sufjan-releases-new-song-tonya-harding-listen/ |archive-date=December 10, 2017}} "Stay Frosty Royal Milk Tea" by Fall Out Boy;{{cite web |url=https://genius.com/Fall-out-boy-stay-frosty-royal-milk-tea-lyrics |title=Fall Out Boy – Stay Frosty Royal Milk Tea |website=genius.com |access-date=January 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122125220/https://genius.com/Fall-out-boy-stay-frosty-royal-milk-tea-lyrics |archive-date=January 22, 2018}} "Tonya" by Brockhampton;{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Brockhampton-tonya-lyrics|title=Tonya; Brockhampton; lyrics|access-date=July 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720051930/https://genius.com/Brockhampton-tonya-lyrics|archive-date=July 20, 2018}} and "If Self-Destruction was an Olympic Event, I'd be Tonya Harding" by Suicideboys{{cite web| title=$uicideboy$| website=theWestNews.com| date=August 13, 2021| url=https://thewestnews.com/uicideboy-if-self-destruction-was-an-olympic-event-id-be-tonya-harding-lyrics/44563| access-date=October 11, 2021| archive-date=October 11, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011064744/https://thewestnews.com/uicideboy-if-self-destruction-was-an-olympic-event-id-be-tonya-harding-lyrics/44563| url-status=dead}}
Tonya & Nancy: The Rock Opera (2006), playwright Elizabeth Searle collaborated with composer Abigail Al-Doory in May 2006 to create a chamber opera, directed by Meron Langsner. The dark comedy premiered in Portland, Oregon in 2008. It was also produced in Los Angeles, New York and Chicago. Searle said that she thought elements of the 1994 scandal reflected "life in America," and that she hoped the show would convey public sympathy towards Kerrigan, Gillooly, and Harding.{{cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/other-sports/no-escape-from-past-for-harding/|title=No escape from past for Harding|date=December 22, 2007|last=Mellinger|first=Sam|work=The Seattle Times|access-date=August 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813075838/https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/other-sports/no-escape-from-past-for-harding/|archive-date=August 13, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/01/13/qa_with_elizabeth_searle/?page=1|title=Q&A with Elizabeth Searle|date=January 13, 2008|last=Kennedy|first=Pagan|work=Boston Globe|access-date=August 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813080340/http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/01/13/qa_with_elizabeth_searle/?page=1|archive-date=August 13, 2018|url-status=live}}
House (2007): in episode 5 of season 4, Mirror, Mirror, in a conversation between Dr Gregory House and Dr Travis Brennan, Dr House references Dr Amber Volakis as “Tonya Harding”, presumably in reference to her ambition to succeed.
The Price of Gold (2014) documentary directed by Nanette Burstein, part of ESPN's 30 for 30 series, aired on January 16, 2014. It explored some specifics of the 1994 criminal investigation. Kerrigan could not be interviewed for the film because of her contractual obligation to NBC's Nancy & Tonya (2014) documentary. Burstein said her film was "predominantly about Tonya".{{cite web|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/guide/article/2018/01/17/director-nanette-burstein-her-tonya-harding-documentary-price-gold|title=Director Nanette Burstein on her Tonya Harding documentary|last=Weber|first=Lindsey|website=SBS (Australian channel)|date=February 5, 2018|access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712093604/https://www.sbs.com.au/guide/article/2018/01/17/director-nanette-burstein-her-tonya-harding-documentary-price-gold|archive-date=July 12, 2018|url-status=live}} Burstein later said she thought Harding was jealous of Kerrigan{{cite web|url=http://getinmedia.com/articles/film-tv-careers/director-nanette-burstein-revisits-tonya-harding-and-nancy-kerrigan-20-year|title=Director Nanette Burstein Revisits Tonya Harding & Nancy Kerrigan|last=Donnelly|first=Billy|website=Get In Media|year=2014|access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712054008/http://getinmedia.com/articles/film-tv-careers/director-nanette-burstein-revisits-tonya-harding-and-nancy-kerrigan-20-year|archive-date=July 12, 2018|url-status=live}} and that "[Tonya] was an unreliable interview subject. A lot of things she said had to be left out because I didn't think they were truthful."{{cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/lifestyle/nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-documentary-3036674|title=20 years on from the ice skating assault that shocked the world|date=January 19, 2014|work=Daily Mirror|access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712054347/https://www.mirror.co.uk/lifestyle/nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-documentary-3036674|archive-date=July 12, 2018|url-status=live}}
Nancy & Tonya (2014), NBC documentary narrated by Olympics correspondent Mary Carillo (former tennis professional – 1977 French Open Grand Slam Mixed Doubles winner), aired on February 23, 2014. It included interviews, brief biographies of Nancy Kerrigan & Tonya Harding, and close observations of their lives and careers before 1994.{{cite magazine|last=Deitsch|first=Richard|title=Nancy Kerrigan opens up about 'the whack heard 'round the world'|url=https://www.si.com/olympics/2014/02/21/nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-nbc-documentary|access-date=July 12, 2018|magazine=Sports Illustrated|date=February 21, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712214859/https://www.si.com/olympics/2014/02/21/nancy-kerrigan-tonya-harding-nbc-documentary|archive-date=July 12, 2018|url-status=live}}
I, Tonya, 2017 biographical black comedy film directed by Craig Gillespie with Margot Robbie playing Harding, receiving mostly positive reviews.{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-ca-mn-sneaks-i-tonya-screenwriter-20171105-story.html|first=Geoff|last=Berkshire|title=How 'I, Tonya' screenwriter Steven Rogers reinvented himself|work=Los Angeles Times|date=November 3, 2017|access-date=August 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803104257/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-ca-mn-sneaks-i-tonya-screenwriter-20171105-story.html|archive-date=August 3, 2018|url-status=live}} Screenwriter Steven Rogers said he neither knew nor cared about Harding's alleged part in Nancy Kerrigan's attack, that the film was really about "things we tell ourselves...how we change the narrative, and then want that to be the narrative."{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/tonya-harding-movie-steven-rogers-740186|first=Janice|last=Williams|title=Ice Skater's Life Serves as 'Cautionary Tale' says 'I, Tonya' Screenwriter|magazine=Newsweek|date=December 7, 2017|access-date=August 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804045817/https://www.newsweek.com/tonya-harding-movie-steven-rogers-740186|archive-date=August 4, 2018|url-status=live}}{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/i-tonya-harding-movie|title=Surreal Story of How Tonya Harding Inspired Awards Season's Scrappiest Contender|last=Miller|first=Julie|date=December 6, 2017|magazine=Vanity Fair|access-date=August 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207022003/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/i-tonya-harding-movie|archive-date=December 7, 2017|url-status=live}} Gillespie was nominated for a Best Director AACTA; he said he believed Harding was guilty, but debated to what degree. Gillespie also said he wanted the film to convey "why [Tonya] is the way she is."{{Cite web|url=http://iris.theaureview.com/interview-director-craig-gillespie-on-taking-no-prisoners-when-filming-i-tonya/|date=January 25, 2018|title=Craig Gillespie on Filming I, Tonya|last=Gray|first=Peter|website=Iris.theAUreview.com|department=The Iris|access-date=August 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804050125/http://iris.theaureview.com/interview-director-craig-gillespie-on-taking-no-prisoners-when-filming-i-tonya/|archive-date=August 4, 2018|url-status=dead}} Allison Janney played Harding's mother, LaVona, and won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Regarding Harding's alleged role in Kerrigan's attack, Janney said "I know [Tonya was] complicit, but...I have a lot more empathy for her than I did."{{cite magazine|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/allison-janney-explains-her-terrifying-terrific-performance-in-i-tonya/|title=Allison Janney Explains Her Performance in 'I, Tonya'|first=Lisa|last=Liebman|date=December 13, 2017|magazine=Vice|access-date=August 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809060914/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/zmy3wa/allison-janney-explains-her-terrifying-terrific-performance-in-i-tonya|archive-date=August 9, 2018|url-status=live}} Janney also said, "I think LaVona was actually a very smart woman...knowing her daughter needed to be told she couldn't do it in order to do it was LaVona's way of saying, 'I was there to inspire her.'"{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/allison-janney-i-tonya_us_59b57e05e4b0dfaafcf88937|title=Allison Janney's New Favorite Co-Star|last=Jacobs|first=Matthew|date=September 11, 2017|work=Huffington Post|access-date=August 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804075728/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/allison-janney-i-tonya_us_59b57e05e4b0dfaafcf88937|archive-date=August 4, 2018|url-status=live}}
Tonya Harding, 2017 song by musician Sufjan Stevens. The song was submitted by Stevens for the soundtrack of I, Tonya, but it was not used.{{Cite web |last=Willman |first=Chris |date=2017-12-09 |title='I, Tonya' Filmmakers Rejected Indie Rock Darling Sufjan Stevens' 'Tonya Harding' Song |url=https://variety.com/2017/music/news/sufjan-stevens-tonya-harding-1202635093/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=Variety |language=en-US}} However, the song was not made specifically for the biopic, and Stevens said he had planned to write a song about Harding since 1991.{{Cite web |date=2017-12-05 |title=Tonya Harding |url=https://asthmatickitty.com/tonya-harding/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=Asthmatic Kitty Records |language=en-US}}

= Academic assessment =

In 1995, the book Women on Ice: Feminist Essays on the Tonya Harding/Nancy Kerrigan Spectacle was published, containing numerous essays analyzing Harding's public image.{{sfn|Baughman|2013|pages=i–v}} For example, Abigail Feder wrote that there existed "overdetermined femininity in Ladies' Figure Skating...femininity and athleticism are mutually exclusive concepts in American culture."{{cite book|first=Abigail M.|last=Feder|editor-first=Cynthia|editor-last=Baughman|date=1995|page=22|title=Women On Ice: Feminist Responses to the Tonya Harding/Nancy Kerrigan Spectacle|chapter=A Radiant Smile from the Lovely Lady – Overdetermined Femininity in 'Ladies' Figure Skating|publisher=Routledge|location=Abingdon, England|isbn=9781135770686|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CemzAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT37|chapter-url-access=subscription|access-date=September 19, 2019}} Sam Stoloff wrote that, during the scandal, the media placed more emphasis on Harding's class than her gender. He noted how she was subjected to a "litany of vaguely pejorative or mocking expressions" associated with "low class" cultural attributes, sometimes due to Harding's personal interests and hobbies. Stoloff theorized that Harding represented an American social class that required interpretation ("the class Other") as he referenced the anthropological tone of Susan Orlean's 1994 essay "Figures in a Mall", written for The New Yorker.{{cite book|last=Stoloff|first=Sam|editor1-last=Birrell|editor1-first=Susan|editor2-last=McDonald|editor2-first=Mary G.|year=2000|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781555534295/page/234 234]–250|title=Reading Sport: Critical Essays on Power and Representation|orig-year=1995|chapter=Tonya Harding, Nancy Kerrigan, & the Bodily Figuration of Social Class|url-access=subscription|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781555534295|oclc=43036842|isbn=1555534309|publisher=Northeastern University Press|location=Boston, Massachusetts|access-date=August 17, 2018}}

In writer Sarah Marshall's 2014 essay entitled "Remote Control: Tonya Harding, Nancy Kerrigan, and the Spectacles of Female Power and Pain", she noted the pervasive role of the media in the 1994 scandal: "Somehow, in the scandal's aftermath, the form of the Tonya-bash was able to alchemize even the most chilling details of Tonya's life into tabloid gold." Marshall also examined the role of Harding's "tomboy" persona in the context of figure skating. She theorized that Harding was rejected by the figure skating ethos because she did not conform – as Marshall believed many figure skaters, including Nancy Kerrigan, did – to appearing as "beautiful without being sexual, strong without being intimidating, and vulnerable without being weak."{{cite magazine |last=Marshall |first=Sarah |url=https://believermag.com/remote-control/ |title=Remote Control: Tonya Harding, Nancy Kerrigan, and the Spectacles of Female Power & Pain |magazine=The Believer |date=January 1, 2014 |access-date=December 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805052053/https://believermag.com/remote-control/ |archive-date=August 5, 2018 |url-status=live }}

References

Works cited

{{cite book |editor-last=Baughman|editor-first=Cynthia |year=2013 |title=Women on Ice: Feminist Essays on the Tonya Harding/Nancy Kerrigan Spectacle |orig-year=1995 |oclc= 830322475|isbn=978-0-415-91150-4|publisher=Routledge|url=https://archive.org/details/womenonice00cbau|url-access=registration|access-date=April 5, 2018}}
{{cite book|editor1-last=Birrell|editor1-first=Susan|editor2-last=McDonald|editor2-first=Mary G.|year=2000|title=Reading Sport: Critical Essays on Power and Representation|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781555534295|url-access=registration|oclc=43036842|isbn=9781555534295|publisher=Northeastern University Press}}
{{cite book |last=Bromley |first=Tom |title=We Could Have Been the Wombles: The Weird and Wonderful World of One-Hit Wonders |year=2006 |publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=9780141017112|page=90}}
{{cite book|title=People in the News, 1995|last1=Brownstone|first1=David M.|last2=Franck|first2=Irene|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|year=1995|isbn=0-02-897058-6|url=https://archive.org/details/peopleinnews19950000brow}}
{{cite book|title=Thin Ice: The Complete, Uncensored Story of Tonya Harding|last1=Coffey|first1=Frank|last2=Layden|first2=Joe|publisher=Kensington Publishing Corp.|year=1994|isbn=9780786044979|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PV9EDwAAQBAJ}}
{{cite book |last=Guerrero| first=Eddie | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eQlHZTIsOl4C |title=Cheating Death, Stealing Life: The Eddie Guerrero Story |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2005 |isbn=0-7434-9353-2}}
{{cite book|title=Fire on Ice: The Exclusive Inside Story of Tonya Harding|last1=Haight|first1=Abby |last2=Vader|first2=J.E.|publisher=Three Rivers Press|year=1994|isbn=9780812924572|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4R06DwAAQBAJ}}
{{cite book |last1=Hamilton |first1=Scott |author-link=Scott Hamilton (figure skater) |first2=Lorenzo |last2=Benet |title=Landing It: My Life on and off the Ice |isbn=1-57566-466-6 |year=1999 |publisher=Kensington Books |url=https://archive.org/details/landingitmylifeo00hami }}
{{cite book|author-link=Murry R. Nelson|last=Nelson|first=Murry R.|title=American Sports: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas|year=2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn= 978-0-313-39753-0}}
{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dpNODgAAQBAJ|last1=Prouse|last2=Harding|editor1-last=Torke|editor1-first=Kyle|editor2-last=Strozier|editor2-first=M. Stefan|title=The Tonya Tapes: The Tonya Harding Story in her Own Voice|publisher=World Audience|year=2008|isbn=9781934209806}}
{{cite book|last=Saari|first=Peggy|year=1998|title=Great Misadventures: Bad Ideas That Led to Big Disasters|publisher=Thomson Gale|isbn=0-7876-2799-2|url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/greatmisadventur0000unse}}
{{cite book |editor-last=Smith |editor-first=Lissa |title=Nike is a Goddess: The History of Women in Sports |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SOwKTgEnTBsC |year=1999 |publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press |oclc= 255351946 |isbn=978-0-87113-761-6|access-date= April 5, 2018}}
{{cite magazine |last=Sullivan|first=Randall|author-link1=Randall Sullivan |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/534375847/Tonya-Harding-Fall |date=July 14, 1994 |title=The Tonya Harding Fall |magazine=Rolling Stone |issue=686/687|page=80|issn=0035-791X}}
{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Patricia J.|author-link=Patricia J. Williams|pages=253–63|chapter=The Ethnic Scarring of American Whiteness|year=2010|title=The House That Race Built: Original Essays by Toni Morrison, Angela Y. Davis, Cornel West, and Others on Black Americans and Politics in America Today|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|isbn= 978-0-307-55679-0| editor=Lubiano, Wahneema}}

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20060212183748/http://www.courttv.com/onair/shows/mugshots/indepth/harding_schiller.html Interview with Harvey Schiller], former Exec. Dir. U.S. Olympic Committee (discussion about Harding)
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070409194111/http://www.courttv.com/onair/shows/mugshots/indepth/harding_stant.html FBI's notes from Shane Stant interview, dated 1/18/94] Stant was the confessed assailant of Nancy Kerrigan. Stant testified that on January 5, 1994, Derrick Smith told him that Tonya Harding had seen Stant in the Detroit Westin Hotel lobby. Smith told Stant that Harding had spoken of seeing Stant to Shawn Eckardt.
[https://www.scribd.com/document/534375847/Tonya-Harding-Fall "The Tonya Harding Fall" (July 1994) article] written by Randall Sullivan for Rolling Stone, Issue 686/687 — via Scribd Inc. A subjective, detailed if not factually precise account of Tonya Harding's life & scandal – referencing pertinent FBI testimonies. This may be accessed via any local library account.
{{IMDb name|id=0002125|name=Tonya Harding}}
{{boxrec|id=175290}}

Category:1970 births

Category:Living people

Category:American female single skaters

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Category:American women boxers

Category:Figure skaters at the 1992 Winter Olympics

Category:Figure skaters at the 1994 Winter Olympics

Category:Olympic figure skaters for the United States

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Category:Violence in sports

Category:Sportspeople from Portland, Oregon

Category:World Figure Skating Championships medalists

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Category:21st-century American sportswomen

Category:20th-century American sportswomen

colspan="10" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;" \| International
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
Event{{cite web \|url=http://skatecanada.ca/en/events_results/results/archives/SkateCanadaResultsBook-Volume2-1974-current.pdf \|title=Skate Canada Results Book Volume 2: 1974–current \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920093849/http://skatecanada.ca/en/events_results/results/archives/SkateCanadaResultsBook-Volume2-1974-current.pdf \|archive-date=September 20, 2009 \|publisher=Skate Canada \|access-date=January 4, 2018}} ! 1985–86 ! 1986–87 ! 1987–88 ! 1988–89 ! 1989–90 ! 1990–91 ! 1991–92 ! 1992–93 ! 1993–94
align=left \| Winter Olympics							4th		8th
align=left \| World Championships						style="background:silver;"\| 2nd	6th		WD
align=left \| Skate America		style="background:silver;"\| 2nd			style="background:gold;"\| 1st		style="background:gold;"\| 1st		style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd
align=left \| Skate Canada International								4th
align=left \| Nations Cup					style="background:gold;"\| 1st
align=left \| NHK Trophy			style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd			style="background:silver;"\| 2nd			4th
align=left \| Prize of Moscow News{{cite magazine \|title=Prize of Moscow News \|magazine= Pirouette – Abonnement magazine enfants de 5 à 8 ans \|year=1988 \| publisher=Fleurus Presse \|language=fr }}				style="background:gold;"\| 1st
colspan="10" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;" \| National
align=left \| U.S. Championships{{cite book \|last1=Haight \|first1=Abby \|last2=Vader \|first2=J.E. \|year=1994 \|pages=9, 63 \|title=Fire on Ice \|publisher=Crown \|isbn=9780525575313 \|quote=When Harding was fifteen years old she had a tumultuous year. She went to the national championships for the first time and finished a strong sixth – Competing in her second national championship in 1987, Harding finished fifth in Tacoma, Washington}}{{cite book\|last1=Coffey \|first1=Frank \|last2=Layden \|first2=Joe \|chapter=Appendix B \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PV9EDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT49\|chapter-url-access=subscription\|title=Thin Ice: The Complete, Uncensored Story of Tonya Harding \|year=1994\|pages=48; 112 \|publisher=Pinnacle Books \|isbn=9780786044979\|access-date=July 27, 2018\|quote=As a skater, Harding showed scant improvement...finishing fifth in the senior nationals in both 1987 and 1988, an Olympic year. For the first time in her career, there was some doubt as to whether she would ever fulfill her immense promise – Tonya Harding's Competitive Highlights: 1985 Olympic Festival – 5th; 1988 National Senior – 5th}}	6th	5th	5th	style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd	7th	style="background:gold;"\| 1st	style="background:#c96;"\| 3rd	style=background:#d1c571;"\|4th	\| ~~1st~~{{efn\|In June 1994, Claire Ferguson, the President of the USFSA, voted to strip Harding of her 1994 title. However, the competition results were not changed and the title was left vacant rather than moving all the other competitors up one position.}}
align=left \| U.S. Olympic Festival	5th	style="background:#c96;" \| 3rd				1st style="background:silver;"\| 2nd