Torito of Porcuna

{{Short description|Iberian sculpture}}

{{Infobox artwork

| title = Torito of Porcuna

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| other_language_1 = Spanish

| other_title_1 = Torito de Porcuna

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| image = Toro de Porcuna K01.jpg

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| year = circa 6th century BC

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| medium = Sandstone

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| dimensions = (55.5 x 70.5 x 20.5) cm

| dimensions_ref = {{Sfn|Chapa Brunet|Vallejo|2012|p=123}}

| metric_unit = cm

| imperial_unit = in

| weight = 83.70 kg

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| museum = {{ill|Museum of Jaén|es|Museo de Jaén}}

| city = Jaén, Spain

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The Torito of Porcuna is an Iberian sculpture depicting a bull. It shows orientalizing influences and it is also referred to as the toro orientalizante de Porcuna ("orientalizing bull of Porcuna").

It is sculpted in sandstone.{{Sfn|García-Gelabert Pérez|Blázquez Martínez|1997|p=424}} Found in 1946 in front of the Guardia Civil barracks of Porcuna (ancient Obulco/Ipolca) during some road works, it eventually came to be popularly known as torito ("small bull") because of its size relative to the bigger statues of bullocks found in the nearby site of Cerrillo Blanco.{{Sfn|Chapa Brunet|Vallejo|2012|p=122}} Originally, the bull possibly featured a number of ornamental add-ons on the head, and the missing horns were probably metallic.{{Sfn|Chapa Brunet|Vallejo|2012|p=132}}

The sculpture is also missing the snout and the hind legs.

The artifact has been variously dated from either the 5th to 4th century BC (the first assessment of Blanco, 1960), second half of the 6th century BC ({{ill|Teresa Chapa Brunet|es|lt=Chapa}}, 1980), late 6th to early 5th century BC (Rouillard, 1998) or as early as the beginnings of the 6th century BC (reassessment of Blanco, 1987).{{Sfn|Chapa Brunet|Vallejo|2012|p=134}}

The surface of the statue is carved with floral ornaments, suggesting a sacred nature.{{Sfn|García-Gelabert Pérez|Blázquez Martínez|1997|p=424}}{{Sfn|Chapa Brunet|Vallejo|2012|p=128}} It is similar to bulls featured in Phoenician ivory items and Greek and Cypriot cups.{{Sfn|García-Gelabert Pérez|Blázquez Martínez|1997|p=425}}