Totskoye
{{Short description|Rural locality and administrative center of Totsky District, Orenburg Oblast, Russia}}
{{Other uses|Totsky (disambiguation){{!}}Totsky}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
| en_name = Totskoye
| ru_name = То́цкое
| image_skyline = Тоцкое. Братская могила красноармейцев, погибших в боях с белогвардейскими бандами. Вид слева, дальний.JPG
| coordinates = {{Coord|52|31|47|N|52|44|52|E|display=it}}
| pushpin_map = European Russia#Russia
| federal_subject = Orenburg Oblast
| adm_district_jur = Totsky
| inhabloc_cat = Rural locality
}}
Totskoye ({{langx|ru|То́цкое}}) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Totsky District of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=6,898|p2002=7,201|p1989=7,095}}
History
The settlement was founded in 1736.
During World War I, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp that became notorious for a typhus epidemic in the winter of 1915-1916. More than 9,000 of 17,000 prisoners died.{{cite book | editor-last=Tucker | editor-first=Spencer C. | editor-last2=Roberts | editor-first2=Priscilla | title=World War I: Encyclopedia | publisher=ABC-CLIO | issue= III | year=2005 | isbn=978-1-85109-420-2 | page=939 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YqjfHLyyj8C&pg=PA939 | access-date=2022-09-22}} Czech writer Jaroslav Hašek was one of its survivors.
During World War II, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Polish prisoners. In 1941–1942, the 6th and 7th Infantry Divisions of the Polish Anders' Army were formed and stationed in Totskoye.{{cite book|author= |title=Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi"|year=2012|language=pl|publisher=Instytut Pamięci Narodowej|location=Łódź|page=43|isbn=978-83-63695-00-2}} Poles were housed in makeshift camps in dire conditions, mostly in tents and dugouts, and suffered from shortages of food, medicine, warm clothing and footwear.{{cite book|author= |title=Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi"|page=46}} Due to extreme cold reaching {{convert|-54|C}}, the Poles were relocated to Shahrisabz and Karmana in early 1942.{{cite magazine|last=Ziółkowska|first=Ewa|year=2002|title=Polskie groby w Uzbekistanie i Kazachstanie. W 60. rocznicę polskiego wychodźstwa z ZSRR|magazine=Wspólnota Polska|language=pl|issue=3–4 (116–117)|page=65|issn=1429-8457}} A monument for Polish soldiers is erected there.{{cn|date=July 2023}}
In 1954, the Totskoye range was the site of the Soviet nuclear tests. Totskoye is also the site of the Totskoye air base.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=kr50924 Red Poppies in Totskoye] {{in lang|pl}}
- [https://archive.today/20130415103311/http://www.kresy-siberia.org/gallery/Tockoje A gallery of the Kresy-Siberia Society]
{{Authority control}}
Category:Rural localities in Orenburg Oblast
Category:1736 establishments in Europe
Category:Populated places established in 1736
{{Orenburg-geo-stub}}