Transverse colon
{{Short description|Longest section of the large intestine}}
{{Infobox anatomy
| Name = Transverse colon
| Latin = colon transversum
| Image = ColonTrasverso.png
| Caption = Drawing of colon seen from front
(transverse colon coloured blue)
| Image2 = Gray1223.png
| Caption2 = Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for liver, stomach and large intestine
| Precursor = Midgut (first 2/3) Hindgut (last 1/3)
| System =
| Artery = Middle colic artery
| Vein = Middle colic vein
| Nerve =
| Lymph =
}}
In human anatomy, the transverse colon is the longest and most movable part of the colon.
Anatomical position
It crosses the abdomen from the ascending colon at the right colic flexure (hepatic flexure) with a downward convexity to the descending colon where it curves sharply on itself beneath the lower end of the spleen forming the left colic flexure (splenic flexure).
In its course, it describes an arch, the concavity of which is directed backward and a little upward. Toward its splenic end there is often an abrupt U-shaped curve which may descend lower than the main curve.
It is almost completely invested by the peritoneum, and is connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by a large and wide duplicature of that membrane, the transverse mesocolon.
It is in relation, by its upper surface, with the liver and gall-bladder, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the lower end of the spleen; by its under surface, with the small intestine; by its anterior surface, with the posterior layer of the greater omentum and the abdominal wall; its posterior surface is in relation from right to left with the descending portion of the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, and some of the convolutions of the jejunum and ileum.
Function
The transverse colon absorbs water and salts.
Additional images
File:Dickdarm-Schema.svg|1: Ascending colon
2: Transverse colon
3: Descending colon
4: Sigmoid colon
5: Rectum
File:Diameters of the large intestine.svg|Inner diameters of different sections of the large intestine, with transverse colon (at top) measuring on average 5.8 cm (range 5.0-6.5 cm).{{cite journal |vauthors=Nguyen H, Loustaunau C, Facista A, Ramsey L, Hassounah N, Taylor H, Krouse R, Payne CM, Tsikitis VL, Goldschmid S, Banerjee B, Perini RF, Bernstein C |title=Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in field defects during progression to colon cancer |journal=J Vis Exp |issue=41 |year=2010 |pmid=20689513 |pmc=3149991 |doi=10.3791/1931 }}
File:illu_intestine.jpg|Intestines
File:Gray989.png|Schematic figure of the bursa omentalis, etc. The human embryo of eight weeks
File:Gray1034.png|Front view of the thoracic and abdominal viscera
File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg|Digestive system
File:Transverse colon.jpg|Transverse colon
See also
References
{{Gray's}}
External links
- {{SUNYAnatomyFigs|37|06|03}} - "The large intestine."
{{Digestive tract}}
{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}
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