Tree of Hippocrates

{{Short description|Tree in Kos associated with Hippocrates}}

Image:Plane tree of Hippocrates.jpg in Kos, Greece.]]

The Tree of Hippocrates is the plane tree (or platane, in Europe) under which, according to legend, Hippocrates of Kos (considered the father of medicine) taught his pupils the art of medicine. Paul of Tarsus purportedly taught here as well.{{cite web| title =HIPPOCRATES PLANE TREE - KOS GREECE| url =http://www.ihfk.gr/gr/hippotree_gr.html| accessdate =September 22, 2006| url-status =dead| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20080204230930/http://www.ihfk.gr/gr/hippotree_gr.html| archivedate =February 4, 2008}} The Platanus in Kos is an oriental plane (Platanus orientalis), with a crown diameter of about {{cvt|12|m}}, said to be the largest for a plane tree in Europe.

Hippocrates' tree resides on the Platía Platanou (or "Square of the Platane"), in front of the Castle of Knights and next to the Gazi Hassan Mosque (erected in 1776) in the centre of Kos town. The current tree is only about 500 years old,{{cite book

| last = Hendriksen

| first = Bartho

| author-link =

|author2=Leo Platvoet

| title = Ródos, Kós & Dodekánisos

| publisher = Babylon-De Geus

| year = 1996

| location = Amsterdam

| url =

| doi =

| isbn = 90-6222-518-7

| page = 69 }} but may possibly be a descendant of the original tree which allegedly stood there 2400 years ago, in Hippocrates' time.{{cite web

|url = http://www.platanos-kos.gr/album/newphoto/DSC00182.jpg

|title = Kos Facts - Voyageur's Europe online

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|author = Voyageur Tours

}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} The tree has become hollowed out over the years, and some branches are supported by metal scaffolding. Next to the tree is a white tap with engravings in the Arabic language, also built by the Turkish Governor Gazi Hassan.{{cite web

| url = http://www.islasdelegeo.com/english/islands/kos/

| title = Greek Islands - Aegean Islands - Kos

| accessdate = September 22, 2006

}}

Derivatives of the original tree

The Medical Association of Cos presented a gavel made from wood of the plane tree to the President of the Canadian Medical Association in 1954.{{cite web

|url = http://www.cfpc.ca/English/cfpc/communications/50th/history/default.asp?s=1

|title = Brief History

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|date = August 23, 2004

|publisher = The College of Family Physicians of Canada

|url-status = dead

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20061011105959/http://www.cfpc.ca/English/cfpc/communications/50th/history/default.asp?s=1

|archivedate = October 11, 2006

}}

Image:Hippocrates tree National Library Medicine.jpg]]

Seeds or cuttings from the tree have been spread all over the world.{{cite web

|url = http://www.world-publishing.com/medicine/articles/march2004/healing_killing_3rd_reich.asp

|title = Healing by killing: medicine in the third reich

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|author = Sheldon Rubenfeld, M.D.

|date = March 2004

|publisher = Houston Medicine Magazine

|url-status = dead

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060511230742/http://www.world-publishing.com/medicine/articles/march2004/healing_killing_3rd_reich.asp

|archivedate = May 11, 2006

}} A cutting of the tree was presented as a gift from the island of Kos to the United States and the National Library of Medicine, and planted on December 14, 1961 on the grounds surrounding the library.{{cite web

| author = National Library of Medicine

| author-link = National Library of Medicine

| title = Objects of Art: Tree of Hippocrates

| publisher = United States National Institutes of Health

| date = March 1, 2000

| url = https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/tour/hippocrates.html

| accessdate = September 22, 2006}} Many medical colleges, libraries or institutions have, or claim to have, trees cut or seeded from the original tree in Kos.{{cite web

| url = http://fyi.utah.edu/old_site_2003-07/archives/2006/archive_060906.html

| title = FYI archives, September 6, 2006

| accessdate = December 2, 2011

| last = Williams

| first = Ann

| author-link =

| date = September 6, 2006

| publisher = The University of Utah

| pages =

| language =

}}

Trees cut or seeded from the original tree can be found, among others:

North America:

  • The American College of Physicians have a mace with a wooden shaft made from a branch of a plane tree from the island of Kos.
  • A cutting was planted on the campus of the University of Alabama at Birmingham to accompany a commissioned marble statue of Hippocrates. The 1971 installation was a gift from the Nakos Foundation to the University's medical center.{{Cite book | last=Norton | first=Bertha Bendall | year=1970 | title=Birmingham's First Magic Century: Were You There? | location=Birmingham, Alabama | publisher=Lakeshore Press }}
  • The Canadian Medical Association obtained a cutting in 1969, which was planted in Walker County, Alabama in 1981.{{cite web

| url = http://www.forestry.state.al.us/publication/PDFs/famous_and_historic_trees.pdf#search=%22tree%20of%20hippocrates%22

| title = ALABAMA'S FAMOUS & HISTORIC TREE PROGRAM - 2003

| accessdate = September 22, 2006

| format = PDF

| publisher = Alabama Forestry Commission

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060719062135/http://www.forestry.state.al.us/publication/PDFs/famous_and_historic_trees.pdf#search=%22tree%20of%20hippocrates%22 |archivedate = July 19, 2006}}

| url = http://www.ecu.edu/news/hippocratestree.cfm#.T4L-Fo5cl1E

| title = The Tree of Hippocrates: West Campus Addition Rooted in ancient Greece

| accessdate = April 5, 2012

| publisher = ECU News Services}}

| url = http://www.mercer.edu/advancement/news/2000/0403tree.htm

| title = AHEPA Organization Donates Statue of Hippocrates

| accessdate = September 22, 2006

| publisher = University of Michigan Health History Research Center

}}

|url = http://southmed.usouthal.edu/com/thebeat/apr97/clikas.htm

|title = Clikas honored for planting of "the trees of hippocrates"

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|date = May 1, 1997

|publisher = University of South Alabama Biomedical Library

|url-status = dead

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060910014331/http://southmed.usouthal.edu/com/thebeat/apr97/clikas.htm

|archivedate = September 10, 2006

}}

  • at the University of Victoria{{cite web|url=http://web.uvic.ca/forbiol/news/Treewalk.pdf |title=Forest Biology Tree Walk |accessdate=September 9, 2008 |publisher=University of Victoria |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206045004/http://web.uvic.ca/forbiol/news/Treewalk.pdf |archivedate=February 6, 2009 }}
  • at Yale University

{{cite web

|url = http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/ym_sp06/archives.html

|title = Yale Medicine, Spring 2006, archives

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|year = 1981

|publisher = Yale Medicine

|url-status = dead

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060909054600/http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/ym_sp06/archives.html

|archivedate = September 9, 2006

}}

South America:

Europe:

| url = http://www.yorku.ca/agyu/exhibitions/borland.html

| title = Christine Borland

| accessdate = September 22, 2006

| publisher = York University Art Gallery

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070314222001/http://www.yorku.ca/agyu/exhibitions/borland.html |archivedate = March 14, 2007}}

  • at Queen's University Belfast Medical School, Northern Ireland https://www.qub.ac.uk/News/Allnews/ErskineHouseTreeCrownedNorthernIrelandsTreeoftheYear.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031402/https://www.qub.ac.uk/News/Allnews/ErskineHouseTreeCrownedNorthernIrelandsTreeoftheYear.html |date=2018-03-13 }}],https://www.qub.ac.uk/News/Allnews/ErskineHouseTreeCrownedNorthernIrelandsTreeoftheYear.html , ERSKINE HOUSE TREE CROWNED NORTHERN IRELAND’S ‘TREE OF THE YEAR’
  • at the University of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/local/barcelona/20171023/432302843762/barcelona-planta-arbol-descendiente-hipocrates.html|title=Barcelona planta un árbol descendiente del de Hipócrates|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2017-10-24}}
  • at the Royal College of Physicians in London

Oceania:

|url = http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/AustralianFamilyPhys/2006issues/20060906/20060906kidd.pdf

|title = Hippocrates' tree

|accessdate = September 22, 2006

|last = Kidd

|first = Michael

|date = September 2006

|publisher = The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners

|page = 733

|url-status = dead

|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110706125742/http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/Publications/AustralianFamilyPhys/2006issues/20060906/20060906kidd.pdf

|archivedate = July 6, 2011

}}{{cite journal

| url = http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/183_11_051205/til10773_fm.html

| title = Hippocrates came across our desks

| accessdate = September 22, 2006

| author = David J Tiller

|author2=Rick McLean |author3=Bruce C Harris

|date=November 2005

| issue = 11

| journal = Medical Journal of Australia

| volume = 183

| page = 602

| doi = 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2005.tb00048.x

| s2cid = 80010468

}}

Asia:

Additional images

File:Tree of Hippocrates NIH.jpg|A gift from the Greek Dodecanese island of Kos, historic birthplace of Hippocrates, Father of Medicine, at the National Library of Medicine.

File:Hippocrates Plaque.jpg|Plaque at base of Tree of Hippocrates at the National Library of Medicine.

File:Tree_of_Hippocrates_at_USUHS.jpg|Tree of Hippocrates at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

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{{Commons|Tree of Hippocrates}}