Trichomonadida
{{Short description|Order of flagellated protists}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Trichomonas vaginalis (20).png
| image_alt = "T. vaginalis" Colorized SEM
| image_caption = Two T. vaginalis trophozoites. Colorized SEM
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Trichomonadida
| authority = Brugerolle & Lee 2000
| synonyms =
| synonyms_ref =
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
}}
Trichomonadida is an order of anaerobic protists, included with the parabasalids. Members of this order are referred to as trichomonads.
Some organisms in this order include:
- Trichomonas vaginalis, an organism living inside the vagina of humans
- Dientamoeba fragilis, parasitic ameboid in humans
- Histomonas meleagridis, parasite that causes blackhead disease in poultry
- Mixotricha paradoxa, a symbiotic organism inside termites, host of endosymbionts
Anatomy
Species in this order typically have four to six flagella at the cell's apical pole, one of which is recurrent - that is, it runs along a surface wave, giving the aspect of an undulating membrane. Like other parabasalids, they typically have an axostyle, a pelta, a costa, and parabasal bodies. In Histomonas only one flagellum and a reduced axostyle are found, and in Dientamoeba, both are absent.
Behavior
Most species are either parasites or other endosymbionts of animals.
Trichomonads reproduce by a special form of longitudinal fission, leading to large numbers of trophozoites in a relatively short time. Cysts never form, so transmission from one host to another is always based on direct contact between the sites they occupy.{{cite journal|last1=Kamaruddin|first1=Mudyawati|last2=Tokoro|first2=Masaharu|last3=Rahman|first3=Md. Moshiur|last4=Arayama|first4=Shunsuke|last5=Hidayati|first5=Anggi P.N.|last6=Syafruddin|first6=Din|last7=Asih|first7=Puji B.S.|last8=Yoshikawa|first8=Hisao|last9=Kawahara|first9=Ei|title=Molecular Characterization of Various Trichomonad Species Isolated from Humans and Related Mammals in Indonesia|journal=The Korean Journal of Parasitology|date=2014|volume=52|issue=5|pages=471–478|doi=10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.471|pmid=25352694|pmc=4210728}}
Treatment
The preferred treatment for trichomonad infection is metronidazole.{{cite book|title=PreTest Pharmacology|page=221|edition=14}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060506154203/http://parasitology.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/login/n/h/1484.html General info]
{{Metamonada}}
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