Trillium lancifolium

{{speciesbox

|image = TrilliumLancifoliumGdsdnFL.jpg

|image_caption = Gadsden County, Florida

|status = G3

|status_system = TNC

|status_ref = {{r|NatureServe}}

|status2 = EN

|status2_system = IUCN3.1

|status2_ref = {{r|IUCN 2022}}

|genus = Trillium

|species = lancifolium

|authority = Raf.{{r|IPNI:542562-1}}

|synonyms =

{{Collapsible list |title={{nowrap|T. lancifolium}} |{{Species list

|Trillium lanceolatum |Boykin ex S.Watson

|Trillium recurvatum var. lanceolatum |S.Watson

|Trillium recurvatum subsp. lanceolatum |(S.Watson) A.E.Murray

|Trillium tennesseense |E.E.Schill. & Floden

}}}}

|synonyms_ref = {{r|POWO:542562-1}}

}}

Trillium lancifolium, the lanceleaf wakerobin,{{r|USDA}} lance-leaved trillium,{{cite web |last1=Stritch |first1=Larry |title=Lance-leaved Trillium (Trillium lancifolium) |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/trillium_lancifolium.shtml |publisher=United States Forest Service |access-date=7 October 2019}} or narrow-leaved trillium, is a species of plants native to the southeastern United States. It is known to occur in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Tennessee.{{BONAP |genus=Trillium |species=lancifolium |date=2014 |access-date=3 October 2019}} The species is imperiled in Alabama and Florida, and critically imperiled in South Carolina and Tennessee.{{r|NatureServe}}

Description

These plants are smaller than most other species in the genus, usually no more than {{convert|30|cm}} tall, with comparatively inconspicuous flowers and leaves. As implied by both scientific and common names, the (lanceolate) leaves are notably narrow, about 2.5 times as long as they are broad, with the widest portion being more-or-less central. The petals are usually maroon or brownish-maroon, quite erect, and more slender than in most other species of Trillium.{{r|FNA:242101997}}

Taxonomy

Trillium lancifolium was first described and named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1840.{{r|IPNI:542562-1}} {{As of|March 2023}}, the name Trillium lancifolium {{small|Raf.}} is widely recognized.{{r|USDA|FNA:242101997|POWO:542562-1}} The species is a member of the sessile-flowered trilliums (Trillium subgen. Sessilia), a group of species typified by Trillium sessile.{{sfnp|Lampley|Gereau|Floden|Schilling|2022|p=282}}

Distribution and habitat

Trillium lancifolium typically occurs in shady upland hardwood forests, but can be found in various other communities with some shade. Populations are usually scattered, and the individual plants are often present at low population levels.{{r|FNA:242101997}}

Ecology

Trillium lancifolium blooms from February to May.

References

{{Reflist|40em|refs=

{{eFloras |1 |242101997 |Trillium lancifolium |volume=26 |last=Case Jr. |first=Frederick W.}}

{{IPNI |id=542562-1 |taxon=Trillium lancifolium |authority={{small|Raf.}} |access-date=20 March 2023}}

{{cite web |title=Narrow-leaved Trillium (Trillium lancifolium) |work=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |date=28 December 2018 |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/146086425/146089255 |publisher=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Version 2022-2 |access-date=30 March 2023}}

{{cite web|publisher=NatureServe|title=Trillium lancifolium|work=NatureServe Explorer|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.133674/Trillium_lancifolium|access-date=16 November 2021}}

{{cite POWO |id=542562-1 |title=Trillium lancifolium {{small|Raf.}} |access-date=20 March 2023}}

{{PLANTS |id=TRLA15 |taxon=Trillium lancifolium |access-date=20 March 2023}}

}}

Bibliography

{{cite book |last1=Case |first1=Frederick W. |last2=Case |first2=Roberta B. |year=1997 |title=Trilliums |location=Portland, Oregon |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-0-88192-374-2 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/trilliums00case }}
{{cite thesis |last=Lampley |first=Jayne A. |date=2021 |title=A systematic and biogeographic study of Trillium (Melanthiaceae) |type=PhD |publisher=University of Tennessee |url=https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/7031 |access-date=10 February 2022}}
{{cite journal |last1=Lampley |first1=Jayne A. |last2=Gereau |first2=Roy |last3=Floden |first3=Aaron |last4=Schilling |first4=Edward E. |title=A revised subgeneric classification of Trillium (Parideae, Melanthiaceae) |journal=Phytotaxa |date=2022-07-05 |volume=552 |issue=5 |pages=278–286 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.552.5.1|s2cid=250368253 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2022Phytx.552..278L }}

External links

{{inaturalist taxon |169991}}
[http://bison.usgs.ornl.gov/api/scientificName/Trillium%20lancifolium/arguments/itis Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) occurrence data and maps for Trillium lancifolium]

lancifolium

Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States

Category:Flora of the Appalachian Mountains

Category:Plants described in 1840

Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque