Trillium texanum

Trillium texanum is a perennial herbaceous plant that flowers from March to early mid-April, with white flower petals.{{r|Philipps USFS}}

Trillium texanum was first described by Samuel Botsford Buckley in 1861.{{r|IPNI:258395-2}} Its type specimen was collected in Panola County, Texas,{{r|Buckley 1861}} but that specimen is now lost.{{sfnp|Strong|Williamson|2015|p=169}} The specific epithet texanum refers to the U.S. state of Texas, its primary location.

{{As of|April 2023}}, the name Trillium texanum {{small|Buckley}} is widely recognized,{{r|NatureServe|IUCN 2022|POWO:258395-2|USDA}} but a few authorities regard it as a variety of Trillium pusillum, either T. pusillum var. texanum or T. pusillum var. pusillum.{{r|FNA:242102314|Reveal and Broome 1981}} The taxon is a member of the Catesbaei group (Trillium subgen. Delostylis), a group of pedicellate-flowered trilliums that includes Trillium catesbaei.

Trillium texanum is found primarily in east Texas,{{r|BONAP}} hence the common name Texas trillium. It also occurs in extreme southwestern Arkansas and extreme northwestern Louisiana.{{r|NatureServe}} It typically grows in forested wetland habitat.{{r|Philipps USFS}}

{{As of|April 2023}}, the global conservation status of Trillium texanum is listed as vulnerable by both NatureServe and IUCN.{{r|NatureServe|IUCN 2022}} It is critically imperiled in both Arkansas and Louisiana.{{r|LA.gov}} It is under review by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.{{r|FWS ECOS}}

{{Reflist|refs=

{{BONAP |genus=Trillium |species=texanum |date=2014 |access-date=7 October 2019}}

{{cite journal |last1=Buckley |first1=S. B. |title=Description of Several New Species of Plants |journal=Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. |date=1861 |volume=12 |page=443 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1801384#page/449/mode/1up |accessdate=7 October 2019}}

{{eFloras |1 |242102314 |Trillium pusillum var. pusillum |volume=26 |last=Case Jr. |first=Frederick W. |access-date=5 April 2023}}

{{cite web |title=Species Profile for Texas trillium (Trillium pusillum texanum) |url=https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/712 |website=Environmental Conservation Online System |publisher=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service |access-date=5 April 2023}}

{{IPNI |id=258395-2 |taxon=Trillium texanum |authority={{small|Buckley}} |access-date=5 April 2023}}

{{cite web |title=Texas Trillium (Trillium texanum) |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/146088572/146089325 |publisher=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Version 2022-2 |access-date=6 April 2023}}

{{cite web |title=Trillium texanum – Texas trillium |url=https://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/assets/Resources/Publications/Rare_Plant_Species_Fact_Sheets/Monocotyledons/texas_trillium_fact_sheet.pdf |website=Rare Plants of Louisiana |accessdate=27 March 2020}}

{{cite web |publisher=NatureServe |title=Trillium texanum |work=NatureServe Explorer |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.130896/Trillium_texanum |accessdate=16 November 2021}}

{{cite web |last1=Philipps |first1=Thomas C. |title=Texas Wakerobin (Trillium texanum) |url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/trillium_texanum.shtml |publisher=United States Forest Service |access-date=7 October 2019}}

{{cite POWO |id=258395-2 |title=Trillium texanum {{small|Buckley}} |access-date=5 April 2023}}

{{cite journal |last1=Reveal |first1=J. L. |last2=Broome |first2=C. R. |title=Minor nomenclatural and distributional notes on Maryland vascular plants with comments on the state's proposed endangered and threatened species |journal=Castanea |date=1981 |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=50–82}}

{{PLANTS |id=TRTE3 |taxon=Trillium texanum |accessdate=9 October 2019}}

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• {{cite journal |last1=Middleton |first1=Beth |last2=Williams |first2=Casey R. |last3=Doffitt |first3=Chris |last4=Johnson |first4=Darren |title=Effects of shading on the rare plant species, Physostegia correllii (Lamiaceae) and Trillium texanum (Melanthiaceae) |journal=Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas |date=2022 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=591–603 |doi=10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1270|doi-access=free }}
• {{cite web |last1=Strong |first1=Anna |last2=Williamson |first2=Paula |title=Data synthesis and species assessments to aid in determining future candidate or listed status for plants from the USFWS lawsuit settlements |date=28 August 2015 |publisher=Texas Parks & Wildlife |url=https://tpwd.texas.gov/business/grants/wildlife/section-6/docs/plants/tx-e-146-r-final-performance-report.pdf |access-date=5 April 2023}}

• {{inaturalist taxon |1028397}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q21307440}}

texanum

Category:Endemic flora of the United States

Category:Flora of Texas

Category:Plants described in 1861

Category:Taxa named by Samuel Botsford Buckley