Trithemis
{{Short description|Genus of dragonflies}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Trithemis annulata.jpg
| image_caption = Trithemis annulata
| taxon = Trithemis
| authority = Brauer, 1868
}}
Trithemis is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as dropwings. There are over 40 species, mainly from Africa; two are endemic to Madagascar, and five can be found in Asia.{{cite book|last1=Dijkstra|first1=K.-D.B.|last2=Clausnitzer|first2=V.|title=The dragonflies and damselflies of eastern Africa|date=2014|publisher=Royal Museum for Central Africa|location=Tervuren|isbn=978-94-916-1506-1}} They are found in a wide variety of habitats; some species being adapted to permanent streams in forests, and others being capable of breeding in temporary pools in deserts.{{cite journal|last1=Damm|first1=S.|last2=Dijkstra|first2=K. D. B.|last3=Hadrys|first3=H.|title=Red drifters and dark residents: the phylogeny and ecology of a Plio-Pleistocene dragonfly radiation reflects Africa's changing environment (Odonata, Libellulidae, Trithemis)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|date=2010|volume=54|issue=3|pages=870–882|url=http://placozoa.us/pubs/2010/Damm_MPE_2010.pdf|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.006|pmid=20004729|bibcode=2010MolPE..54..870D }}
Species
The genus contains the following species:{{World Odonata List}}
| class="wikitable" | ||||
| Male | Female | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 120px | Trithemis aconita {{small|Lieftinck, 1969}} | monkshood dropwing, halfshade dropwing | Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi | |
| Trithemis aenea {{small|Pinhey, 1961}} | bronze dropwing | Western and Central Africa. | ||
| Trithemis aequalis {{small|Lieftinck, 1969}} | swamp dropwing | Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia. | ||
| Trithemis africana {{small|(Brauer, 1867)}} | western phantom dropwing{{Cite iucn | author = Clausnitzer, V. | author2 = Dijkstra, K.-D.B. | name-list-style = amp | title = Trithemis africana | volume = 2010 | page = e.T169243A6596888 | date = 2010 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T169243A6596888.en }} | Western and Central Africa, in Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Côte d'Ivoire. | ||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis annulata {{small|(Palisot de Beauvois, 1807)}} | violet dropwing,{{cite book|last=Samways|first=Michael J.|title=The Dragonflies and Damselflies of South Africa|year=2008|publisher=Pensoft|isbn=978-954-642-330-6}}{{cite web|title=Checklist, English common names|url=http://www.dragonflypix.com/checklist.html|publisher=DragonflyPix.com|access-date=5 August 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121204160258/http://www.dragonflypix.com/checklist.html|archive-date=4 December 2012}} violet-marked darter{{cite iucn |author=Boudot, J.-P. |author2=Clausnitzer, V. |author3=Ferreira, S. |author4=Suhling, F. |author5=Dijkstra, K.-D.B. |author6=Schneider, W. |author7=Samraoui, B. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis annulata |volume=2016 |page=e.T60052A83872427 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60052A83872427.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} | Africa, in the Middle East, in the Arabian Peninsula and southern Europe. |
| Trithemis anomala {{small|Pinhey, 1955}} | striped dropwing | Zambia | ||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis arteriosa {{small|(Burmeister, 1839)}} | red-veined dropwing | Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia,Zimbabwe, Crete, Cyprus, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestinian Territory, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. |
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis aurora {{small|(Burmeister, 1839)}} | crimson marsh glider{{cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. A.|title=Dragonflies and Damselflies of Peninsular India|year=2005|url=http://www.ias.ac.in/initiat/sci_ed/lifescape/odonates-dragonflies.pdf}} | Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. |
| Trithemis basitincta {{small|Ris, 1912}} | Angola, Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone | |||
| Trithemis bifida {{small|Pinhey, 1970}} | shadow dropwing | Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Tanzania. | ||
| Trithemis bredoi {{small|Fraser, 1953}} | river dropwing | Gondokoro, Sudan | ||
| Trithemis brydeni {{small|Pinhey, 1970}} | percher-like dropwing | Botswana and Zambia. | ||
| Trithemis congolica {{small|Pinhey, 1970}} | Congo dropwing | Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon | ||
| 120px | Trithemis dejouxi {{small|Pinhey, 1978}} | stonewash dropwing | Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea | |
| Trithemis dichroa {{small|Karsch, 1893}} | small dropwing,{{cite iucn |author=Clausnitzer, V. |author2=Suhling, F. |author3=Dijkstra, K.-D.B. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis dichroa |volume=2016 |page=e.T60055A86125978 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60055A86125978.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} black dropwing | Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia. | ||
| 120px | Trithemis donaldsoni {{small|(Calvert, 1899)}} | denim dropwing | Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe | |
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis dorsalis {{small|(Rambur, 1842)}} | round-hook dropwing, highland dropwing | Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, possibly Burundi, and possibly Malawi |
| Trithemis ellenbeckii {{small|Förster, 1906}} | Ethiopian dropwing | Ethiopia. | ||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis festiva {{small|(Rambur, 1842)}} | indigo dropwing, black stream glider | Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, throughout Asia to New Guinea |
| Trithemis fumosa {{small|Pinhey, 1962}} | Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon | |||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis furva {{small|Karsch, 1899}} | navy dropwing | Angola, Cameroon, Chad, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
| Trithemis grouti {{small|Pinhey, 1961}} | black dropwing,{{cite iucn |author=Clausnitzer, V. |author2=Suhling, F. |author3=Dijkstra, K.-D.B. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis grouti |volume=2016 |page=e.T60059A86128396 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60059A86128396.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} dark dropwing | Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia. | ||
| Trithemis hartwigi {{small|Pinhey, 1970}} | superb dropwing | Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. | ||
| 120x120px | 120x120px | Trithemis hecate {{small|Ris, 1912}} | silhouette dropwing, hecate dropwing{{cite iucn |author=Clausnitzer, V. |author2=Suhling, F. |author3=Dijkstra, K.-D.B. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis hecate |volume=2016 |page=e.T60060A86128927 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60060A86128927.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} | Botswana, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi. |
| Trithemis hinnula {{small|Dijkstra, Mézière & Kipping, 2015}} | mule dropwing{{cite journal|last1=Dijkstra|first1=Klaas-Douwe B.|last2=Kipping|first2=Jens|last3=Mézière|first3=Nicolas|title=Sixty new dragonfly and damselfly species from Africa (Odonata)|journal=Odonatologica|date=2015|volume=44|issue=4|pages=447–678|url=http://www.odonatologica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Odonatologica_44-4-low_res.pdf|access-date=16 January 2016}} | Gabon | ||
| Trithemis imitata {{small|Pinhey, 1961}} | copycat dropwing | Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. | ||
| Trithemis integra {{small|Dijkstra, 2007}} | Albertine dropwing | Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Uganda | ||
| 120x120px | Trithemis kalula {{small|Kirby, 1900}} | pretty dropwing | Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinee-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea, Sierra Leone | |
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis kirbyi {{small|Selys, 1891}} | orange-winged dropwing, Kirby's dropwing | Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinee-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
| Trithemis legrandi {{small|Dijkstra, Mézière & Kipping, 2015}} | robust dropwing | Cameroon, Gabon | ||
| Trithemis lilacina {{small|Förster, 1899}} | Indonesia | |||
| Trithemis longistyla {{small|(Fraser, 1953)}} | Democratic Republic of the Congo | |||
| 120px | Trithemis monardi {{small|Ris, 1931}} | Monard's dropwing,{{Cite iucn | author = Clausnitzer, V. | author2 = Suhling, F. | author3 = Dijkstra, K.-D.B. | name-list-style = amp | title = Trithemis monardi | volume = 2010 | page = e.T60063A12216622 | date = 2010 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T60063A12216622.en }} fluttering dropwing | Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. | |
| Trithemis morrisoni {{small|Damm & Hadrys, 2009}} | rapids dropwing | Namibia, Zambia | ||
| Trithemis nigra {{small|Longfield, 1936}} | São Tomé and Príncipe | |||
| Trithemis nuptialis {{small|Karsch, 1894}} | hairy-legged dropwing{{cite iucn |author=Clausnitzer, V. |author2=Suhling, F. |author3=Dijkstra, K.-D.B. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis nuptialis |volume=2016 |page=e.T60064A86136750 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60064A86136750.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} | Angola, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia | ||
| Trithemis osvaldae {{small|d'Andrea & Carfi, 1997}} | Cameroon, Gabon | |||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis pallidinervis {{small|(Kirby, 1889)}} | long-legged marsh glider | Asia |
| Trithemis palustris {{small|Damm & Hadrys, 2009}} | marsh dropwing | Namibia | ||
| Trithemis persephone {{small|Ris, 1912}} | Madagascar | |||
| 120px | Trithemis pluvialis {{small|Förster, 1906}} | riffle-and-reed dropwing, river dropwing,{{cite iucn |author=Clausnitzer, V. |author2=Suhling, F. |date=2016 |title=Trithemis pluvialis |volume=2016 |page=e.T60065A86140049 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60065A86140049.en |access-date=12 November 2021}} russet dropwing | Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe | |
| Trithemis pruinata {{small|Karsch, 1899}} | cobalt dropwing | Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia | ||
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis selika {{small|Selys, 1869}} | Madagascar | |
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis stictica {{small|(Burmeister, 1839)}} | jaunty dropwing | Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
| 120px | 120px | Trithemis werneri {{small|Ris, 1912}} | elegant dropwing | Angola, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi. |
References
{{Reflist}}
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{{Authority control}}
Category:Taxa named by Friedrich Moritz Brauer
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Category:Long stubs with short prose
{{libellulidae-stub}}