Troides andromache

{{Speciesbox

| name = Borneo birdwing

| image = Troides andromacheStaudinger, 1892.JPG

| status = VU

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Böhm, M. |date=2020 |title=Troides andromache |volume=2020 |page=e.T22301A177265852 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22301A177265852.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}

| status2 = CITES_A2

| status2_system = CITES

| status2_ref = {{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=2022-01-14|website=cites.org}}

| genus = Troides

| species = andromache

| authority = (Staudinger, 1892)

| synonyms =

}}

Troides andromache, the Borneo birdwing or Kinabalu Birdwing,{{cite web |title=Kinabalu Birdwing Project - SBBT |url=https://www.sbbt.org.uk/kinabalu-birdwing-project/ |access-date=7 January 2024 |date=3 December 2017}} is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found only in Borneo. In 2023, it was selected as the official state butterfly of the state of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.{{cite web |last1=Miwil |first1=Olivia |title=Passing of butterfly expert a big loss to Sabah {{!}} New Straits Times |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2024/01/997850/passing-butterfly-expert-big-loss-sabah |website=NST Online |access-date=7 January 2024 |language=en |date=6 January 2024}}

Description

Image:PompeopteraAndromacheRippon.jpg's Icones Ornithopterorum (1898 to 1906)]]

The wingspan ranges from 150 to 180 mm (female), the hindwings are discreetly scalloped. The body is black with yellow marks on the ventral abdomen. Troides andromache is sexually dimorphic.

The males have black upperside forewings. The underside of the forewings is black marked, in the postdiscal area and between the veins, with white. The hindwings are yellow with black veins and have a border of marginal black triangles.

The females have white forewings with black veins lined with grey. The black veined yellow hindwings have wide-bordered black margin and a wide submarginal formed of confluent black spots.Seitz, A., 1912-1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde 9

Subspecies

The subspecies are

Troides andromache andromache northern Borneo, Sabah
Troides andromache marapokensis Fruhstorfer, 1899 northern Borneo, northern Sarawak
Troides andromache nishikawai Kobayashi, 1992 western Borneo

Biology

The host plants for the caterpillar are Aristolochia - A. acuminata and A. foveolata.

Biotope

Troides andromache is found in rain forest canopy in the mountains of Borneo at an elevation of 1,000 to 2,900 m.

Etymology

In Greek mythology, Andromache (/ænˈdrɒməkiː/; ancient Greek: Ἀνδρομάχη) was the wife of Hector and daughter of Eetion.

Related species

Troides andromache is a member of the Troides amphrysus species group. The members of this clade are:

Troides amphrysus (Cramer, [1779])
Troides andromache (Staudinger, 1892)
Troides cuneifera (Oberthür, 1879)
Troides miranda (Butler, 1869)

References

{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |date=1985 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/7/mode/1up |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}
D'Abrera, B. (1975) Birdwing Butterflies of the World. Country Life Books, London.
Haugum, J. & Low, A.M. 1978–1985. A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. 2 volumes. Scandinavian Press, Klampenborg; 663 pp.
Staudinger, O. 1892 Ornithoptera andromache n. Sp. Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 5:393-394.
Kurt Rumbucher,Béla von Knötgen and Oliver Schäffler, Knötgen 1999 Part 7, Papilionidae IV. Troides II., amphrysus-group in Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Eds. Butterflies of the World. Keltern: Goecke & Evers {{ISBN|978-3-931374-74-7}}.

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20080218083641/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/invertebrates_terrestrial_and_freshwater/Troides_andromache/ ARKive] Photo and more information.
[http://en.butterflycorner.net/Troides-andromache.996.0.html Butterflycorner] Images from [[Naturhistorisches Museum|

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien]] (English/German)