Troriluzole
{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{Infobox drug
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| image = Troriluzole.svg
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| routes_of_administration = By mouth
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| CAS_number_Ref =
| CAS_number = 1926203-09-9
| CAS_supplemental =
| ATC_prefix = N07
| ATC_suffix = XX23
| ATC_supplemental =
| PubChem = 121488186
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| DrugBank_Ref =
| DrugBank = DB15079
| ChemSpiderID_Ref =
| ChemSpiderID = 58828005
| UNII_Ref =
| UNII = S7H48S6K7H
| KEGG = D11414
| ChEBI =
| ChEMBL = 4297586
| synonyms = Trigriluzole, BHV-4157, FC-4157
| C = 15
| H = 16
| F = 3
| N = 5
| O = 4
| S = 1
| SMILES = CN(CC(=O)NC1=NC2=C(S1)C=C(C=C2)OC(F)(F)F)C(=O)CNC(=O)CN
| StdInChI_Ref =
| StdInChI = 1S/C15H16F3N5O4S/c1-23(13(26)6-20-11(24)5-19)7-12(25)22-14-21-9-3-2-8(4-10(9)28-14)27-15(16,17)18/h2-4H,5-7,19H2,1H3,(H,20,24)(H,21,22,25)
| StdInChIKey_Ref =
| StdInChIKey = YBZSGIWIPOUSHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
Troriluzole is an experimental medication that has been investigated as a potential treatment for Machado–Joseph disease (MJD),{{cite web |last=Meglio |first=Marco |title=Biohaven Submits New Drug Application for Troriluzole as Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Therapy |website=NeurologyLive |date=25 June 2023 |url=https://www.neurologylive.com/view/biohaven-submits-new-drug-application-for-troriluzole-spinocerebellar-ataxia-type-3-therapy |access-date=17 February 2024}} obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD),{{cite journal |vauthors=Grassi G, Cecchelli C, Vignozzi L, Pacini S |date=2020 |title=Investigational and Experimental Drugs to Treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |journal=Journal of Experimental Pharmacology |volume=12 |issue= |pages=695–706 |doi=10.2147/JEP.S255375 |pmc=7801912 |pmid=33447096 |doi-access=free}}{{cite journal |vauthors=van Roessel PJ, Grassi G, Aboujaoude EN, Menchón JM, Van Ameringen M, Rodríguez CI |date=January 2023 |title=Treatment-resistant OCD: Pharmacotherapies in adults |journal=Comprehensive Psychiatry |volume=120 |issue= |pages=152352 |doi=10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152352 |pmid=36368186 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2445/192315}} and glioblastoma.{{cite journal |vauthors=Silk AW, Saraiya B, Groisberg R, Chan N, Spencer K, Girda E, Shih W, Palmeri M, Saunders T, Berman RM, Coric V, Chen S, Zloza A, Vieth J, Mehnert JM, Malhotra J |title=A phase Ib dose-escalation study of troriluzole (BHV-4157), an oral glutamatergic signaling modulator, in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors |journal=European Journal of Medical Research |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=107 |date=July 2022 |pmid=35780243 |pmc=9250196 |doi=10.1186/s40001-022-00732-w|doi-access=free }} It is a prodrug formulation of the medication riluzole.
Pharmacology
=Pharmacokinetics=
While riluzole is typically taken twice-daily and on an empty stomach, troriluzole may offer a potential once-daily dosing with or without food along with greater bioavailability.
Research
In 2024, researchers published a study in the Journal of Neurochemistry that reported troriluzole could reverse some early Alzheimer's disease brain changes in mice, reduce harmful glutamate levels, and improve memory and learning abilities.{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfitzer J, Pinky PD, Perman S, Redmon E, Cmelak L, Suppiramaniam V, Coric V, Qureshi IA, Gramlich MW, Reed MN |title=Troriluzole rescues glutamatergic deficits, amyloid and tau pathology, and synaptic and memory impairments in 3xTg-AD mice |journal=Journal of Neurochemistry |volume= |issue= |pages= |date=August 2024 |pmid=39214859 |doi=10.1111/jnc.16215 |url=}}{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=New Drug Shows Promise in Reversing Memory Loss and Cognitive Decline|url= https://scitechdaily.com/alzheimers-breakthrough-new-drug-shows-promise-in-reversing-memory-loss-and-cognitive-decline/|accessdate=September 6, 2024 |work=SciTech |date=September 5, 2024}}