Trousseau (grape)

Trousseau originated in eastern France where it was once widely cultivated, and DNA profiling has indicated that the variety has a parent-offspring relationship with Savagnin, and that it is a sibling to Chenin blanc and Sauvignon blanc. DNA profiling has likewise shown that Trousseau has been cultivated on the Iberian Peninsula for at least 200 years under several different names, including Bastardo, but it is unknown how it came to be introduced there.

Trousseau gris is a white mutation of Trousseau Noir, occasionally found in Jura and once common in California under the name 'Gray Riesling'.

Genouillet is the result of a cross between Gouais blanc (Heunisch) and Bastardo.

In 1938 Harold Olmo used Trousseau to pollinate the Vitis rupestris hybrid Alicante Ganzin to produce the Royalty variety.

Bastardo was crossed with the Georgian variety Saperavi to produce the Bastardo Magarachskii variety used in the Crimea.

A little is grown in Argentina and in several regions of Spain, including the Canary Islands.

There are a small number of producers of Trousseau in Australia with plantings in Tasmania, Margaret River in Western Australia (Amato Vino{{Cite web |title=Amato Vino - Margaret River Wine - Small Batch Goodness |url=http://amatovino.com.au/ |website=amatovino.com.au}} release a small quantity each year in the Jura style) and Barossa Valley, South Australia. A small amount is also grown in eastern Australia under the name Gros Cabernet.

Trousseau is one of five grape varieties allowed in the Jura wine appellations, but only covers 5% of the Jura vineyards since it requires more sun than other Jura varieties to ripe. It is often used to stiffen blends with the pale Poulsard, which is easier to cultivate. In 2009, there was a total of {{convert|172|ha}} of Trousseau in France.

It is part of the blend for port wine and also an important variety for red wines in the Dão. A total of {{convert|1218|ha}} of Trousseau, mostly under the name Bastardo, is cultivated in the vineyards of Portugal. It is also grown in very small quantities in Madeira, and a small number of vintage wines labelled Bastardo were made.{{Cite web |date=October 31, 2011 |title=Bastardo - Best Grape Name Of Them All? |url=http://madaboutmadeira.org/bastardo-best-grape-name-of-them-all/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193904/http://madaboutmadeira.org/bastardo-best-grape-name-of-them-all/ |archive-date=Sep 18, 2018 |website=Mad about Madeira}}

In Spain Trousseau is grown under the names of Merenzao, Bastardo, Bastardo Negro, María Ordoña, Maturana Tinta, Tintilla, and Verdejo Negro. It is an authorised variety in the Galician DOPS of Ribiera Sacra and Valdeorras DOPs in Galicia. It has also been included in Rioja DOCa under the name of Maturana Tinta, but it is listed as a separate variety to Trousseau / Merenzao even though they are genetically indistinct.

As in Portugal, it has been historically used to make fortified wines, but nowadays also some single varietal wines.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/12/dining/california-trousseau-captures-the-imagination.html|journal=The New York Times|date=6 September 2012|title=It Takes One Grape to Reimagine California Wine |url-access=subscription |first1=Eric |last1=Asimov |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518044123/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/12/dining/california-trousseau-captures-the-imagination.html |archive-date= May 18, 2024 }}{{cite news|url=https://punchdrink.com/articles/iruai-methode-sauvage-natural-wine-california/|journal=Punch|date=24 January 2023|title=Natural Wine From the “California Alps”?}} It remains a confidential variety, with only 115.6 tons crushed in 2023 in California.{{citation |url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Specialty_and_Other_Releases/Grapes/Crush/Final/2023/2023_Final_Grape_Crush_Report.pdf |page=11 |title=2023 California Grape Crush: Final Report |date=8 March 2024}}

It needs hot, dry conditions to do well. The name Trousseau (from Old French trusse, meaning "a bundle") is possibly a reference to the shape of the bunch, it looks 'packed up'.

Trousseau is also known under the synonyms Abrunhal, Bastardinha, Bastardinho, Bastardo, Bastardo Do Castello, Bastardo Dos Frados, Bolonio, Capbreton Rouge, Carnaz, Chauche Noir, Cruchenton Rouge, Donzelino De Castille, Estaladiña, Graciosa, Gris De Salces, Gros Cabernet, Maria, Maria Adona, Maria Adorna, Maria Ardona, Maria Ordona, Maturana Tinta, Maturana Tinto, Maturano, Merenzano, Merenzao, Pardinho, Pecho, Pinot Gris De Rio Negro, Roibal, Sémillon Rouge, Tresseau, Triffault, Trousse, Trousseau, Trousseau Gris, Troussot, Trusiaux, Trusseau, Trussiau, Tintilla and Verdejo Tinto.{{cite web| last =Maul| first =Erika| author2 =Töpfer, Reinhard| author3 =Eibach, Rudolf| title =Trousseau Noir |work=Vitis International Variety Catalogue| publisher =Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany| year =2007| url =http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=12668| access-date =2013-12-29| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232105/http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=12668| archive-date =2013-12-30}}

In the literature, it is often confused with Tressot.[http://www.vivc.bafz.de/datasheet/dataResult.php?data=12640 Vitis International Variety Catalogue: Tressot noir]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}, accessed on December 15, 2009

{{portal|Wine}}

• List of Port wine grapes

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book | last = Robinson | first = Jancis | author-link = Jancis Robinson | title = Vines, Grapes and Wines: The Wine Drinker's Guide to Grape Varieties | publisher = Mitchell Beazley | year = 1992 | isbn = 978-1-85732-999-5}}
• {{cite book

| last = Robinson

| first = Jancis

| author-link = Jancis Robinson

| title = The Oxford Companion to Wine, third edition

| publisher = Oxford University Press

| year = 2006

| isbn = 978-0-19-860990-2

| url-access = registration

| url = https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00janc

}}

{{Wiktionary|Trousseau}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120323134934/http://www.vivc.de/datasheet/dataResultBibliog.php?topic=12668 VIVC Bibliography]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117184642/http://www.winebastardo.com/ Wine Bastardo]

{{Wines}}

{{Wine by country}}

Category:Red wine grape varieties