Tsewang Rabtan

{{Short description|Dzungar prince}}

{{Use American English|date = February 2019}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}

{{Infobox royalty

| name = Tsewang Rabtan

| title = Khong Tayiji

| image =

| caption =

| succession = Khong Tayiji of the Dzungar Khanate

| reign = 1697–1727

| coronation =

| full name =

| predecessor = Galdan Boshugtu Khan

| successor = Galdan Tseren

| queen =

| spouse =

| spouse-type =

| issue =

| royal house = Choros

| dynasty = Dzungar Khanate

| father = Sengge

| mother =

| birth_date =

| birth_place =

| death_date = 1727

| death_place =

| date of burial =

| place of burial =

|}}

{{Infobox Chinese

|c=策妄阿拉布坦

|p=Cèwàng Ālābùtǎn

|c2=策旺阿拉布坦

|p2=Cèwàng Ālābùtǎn

|c3=策妄阿喇布坦

|p3=Cèwàng Ālābùtǎn

|mnc=ᡮᡝᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᡵᠠᠪᡨᠠᠨ

|mnc_a=Cewang Arabtan

|mnc_v=Tsewang Arabtan

|mon=Цэвээнравдан

|mong=ᠴᠡᠸᠡᠩᠷᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ

|rus=Цэван Рабдан

|rusr=Tsevan Rabdan

|tib=ཚེ་དབང་རབ་བརྟན

|wylie=tshe dbang rab brtan

|lang1_content={{MongolUnicode|ᡒᡄᡖᠠᡊ ᠠᠷᠠᡋᡐᠠᠨ}}

|lang1=Oirat

}}

Tsewang Rabtan (from {{bo|t=ཚེ་དབང་རབ་བརྟན}} Tsewang Rapten; {{zh|c=策妄阿拉布坦}}; Mongolian: {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠡᠸᠡᠩᠷᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ}}; 1643–1727) was a Choros prince and the Khong Tayiji of the Dzungar Khanate from 1697 (following the death of his uncle and rival Galdan Boshugtu Khan) until his death in 1727. He was married to Lha-bzang Khan's sister.

Political and military action

Tsewang Rabtan married his daughter, Boitalak ({{zh|c=博託洛克|Bótuōluòkè|labels=no}}), to Danjung ({{zh|c=丹衷|Dānzhōng|labels=no}}), the eldest son of Lha-bzang Khan in 1714.{{sfn|Hummel|1944|p=10}} He used the occasion to destroy some of Lha-bzang's troops in preparation for an invasion of Tibet. He consolidated Dzungar power by 1715, and in 1717 sent one army of 300 into Amdo to retrieve the 7th Dalai Lama, planning to consolidate Tibetan support by bringing him to Lhasa, and another army of 6000, led by his brother Tseren Dondub, that successfully took Lhasa from the Khoshut and killed Lha-bzang Khan.{{sfn|Smith|1997|pp=123–4}}

However, the first army failed to acquire the Dalai Lama, having been defeated by Qing troops at Kumbum. Dzungar troops went on the rampage through Lhasa and its environs, looting, raping and killing. Soon, the Tibetans were appealing to the Kangxi Emperor to rid them of the Dzungars. The Dzungar occupation of Tibet became more difficult to sustain as time passed and though they managed to defeat a poorly organized Chinese invasion at the Battle of the Salween River in 1718, Qing troops took Lhasa in 1720 during their second and larger expedition.{{sfn|Mullin|2000|pp=285–9}}

After Danjung died circa 1717, allegedly at the hands of Tsewang Rabtan, Boitalak married a taisha or prince of the Khoid, a section of the Dzungar people, and later gave birth to Amursana (1723–1757), who would grow up to be Khan of Dzungaria during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.{{sfn|Hummel|1944|p=10}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}

=Bibliography=

  • {{cite ECCP |title=Tsewang Araptan |first=Fang |last=Chao-ying |ref={{harvid|Hummel|1944}} |date=1944}}
  • {{cite book|last=Mullin|first=Glenn H.|authorlink=Glenn H. Mullin|title=The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u9CRPQAACAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Clear Light Publishers|isbn=978-1-57416-092-5}}
  • {{cite book|last=Smith|first=Warren W.|title=Tibetan nation: a history of Tibetan nationalism and Sino-Tibetan relations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbHtAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Westview Press|isbn=978-0-8133-3155-3}}

{{s-start}}

{{s-hou|House of Choros (the 14th century-1755)||||1727}}

{{s-reg|}}

{{s-bef|before=Galdan Boshugtu Khan}}

{{s-ttl|title=Khong Tayiji of the Dzungar Khanate|years=1694–1727}}

{{s-aft|after=Galdan Tseren}}

{{end}}

{{Khong Tayijis of Dzungar Khanate}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tsewang, Rabtan}}

Category:History of Kalmykia

Category:18th-century monarchs in Asia

Category:17th-century Mongol khans

Category:1643 births

Category:1727 deaths