Turbo cancer
{{Short description|Anti-vaccination myth}}{{pp-protected|small=yes}}
{{use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Alternative medicine sidebar|conspiracy}}
Turbo cancer is an anti-vaccination conspiracy theory{{cite news |author1-last=MacDonald |author1-first=Stuart |author2-last=Kendix |author2-first=Max |title=GB News presenter Neil Oliver cleared by Ofcom over 'turbo cancer' claims |newspaper=The Times |department=Scotland |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/gb-news-presenter-neil-oliver-cleared-by-ofcom-over-turbo-cancer-claims-8tt5087s3 |date=2024-02-06 |access-date=2024-04-25 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819140524/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/gb-news-presenter-neil-oliver-cleared-by-ofcom-over-turbo-cancer-claims-8tt5087s3 |archive-date=2024-08-19 |url-status=live}} alleging that people vaccinated against COVID-19, especially with mRNA vaccines, are suffering from a high incidence of fast-developing cancers. Although the idea has been spread by a number of vaccine opponents, including several health professionals,{{cite news |title=False claims persist about COVID-19 vaccine-linked "turbo cancers" |url=https://publichealthcollaborative.org/misinformation-alert/false-claims-persist-about-covid-19-vaccine-linked-turbo-cancers/ |access-date=5 October 2023 |agency=Public Health Communication Collaborative (PHCC) |date=2023-08-18}} turbo cancer is not supported by cancer research, and there is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccination causes or worsens cancer.{{cite news |title=Fact Check-No evidence COVID-19 vaccines cause 'turbo cancer' |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-turbocancer-vaccine-idUSL1N3340PQ |work=Reuters |agency=Reuters |date=2022-12-14 |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Do COVID-19 vaccines cause "turbo cancer"?|last1=Gorski |first1=David|website= Science-Based Medicine|url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/do-covid-19-vaccines-cause-turbo-cancer/|date=2022-12-19}}
Claims
Opponents of COVID-19 vaccines such as Florida surgeon general Joseph Ladapo have claimed that trace amounts of contaminant DNA present alongside the vaccine's mRNA could integrate in the patient's genome, activating oncogenes responsible for cancer. In response, Céline Gounder pointed out that trace DNA exists in virtually every product originating from cell cultures, and that DNA vaccines are not known to cause cancer despite containing much higher amounts of DNA.{{Cite news |date=2024-01-04 |title=Florida surgeon general wants to halt COVID-19 mRNA vaccines; FDA calls his claims "misleading" - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/florida-surgeon-general-covid-vaccines-fda-claims-misleading/ |access-date=2024-04-25 |language=en-US |work=CBS News |first1=Sara |last1=Moniuszko}} According to the US National Cancer Institute, "[t]here is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines cause cancer, lead to recurrence, or lead to disease progression. Furthermore, COVID-19 vaccines do not change your DNA".{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Vaccines and People with Cancer - NCI |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccines-people-with-cancer |website=www.cancer.gov |language=en |date=2021-02-10}}
Examples of claims
A paper by antivaccine activists Stephanie Seneff, Peter McCullough and others claimed suppression of type 1 interferon could result in immune suppression that could promote cancer proliferation.{{cite journal
| last1 = Seneff
| first1 = Stephanie
| last2 = Nigh
| first2 = Greg
| last3 = Kyriakopoulos
| first3 = Anthony M.
| last4 = McCullough
| first4 = Peter A.
| title = Innate immune suppression by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations: The role of G-quadruplexes, exosomes, and MicroRNAs
| journal = Food and Chemical Toxicology
| volume = 164
| pages = 113008
| date = June 2022
| doi = 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113008
| pmid = 35436552
| pmc = 9012513
}} The study suggested hypothetical disease mechanisms linking mRNA vaccines to various pathologies through immune suppression. It used only anecdotal reports from VAERS as evidence, and was described by Jeffrey Morris as "shifting the burden of proof" by asking public health institutions to either prove the impossibility of these mechanisms or accept them.{{cite web |last1=Morris |first1=Jeffrey |title=Does McCullough's paper really "establish a mechanistic framework" for mRNA vaccine harm? |url=https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/does-mccullough-s-paper-really-establish-a-mechanistic-framework-for-mrna-vaccine-harm/ |website=Covid-19 Data Science |date=2022-04-21}}
Similarly, a Frontiers in Oncology paper discussing a laboratory mouse dying of lymphoma after being injected with the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was claimed to prove the existence of turbo cancer. However, the study in question did not claim any causality between the two events. Notably, the type of mouse used in the study had a higher predisposition to sarcomas and lymphomas, with that specific individual having shown signs of preexisting cancer such as weight loss before the vaccine injection. The setup of the study was also criticized, as it differed from human vaccinations in the method of injection (intravenous rather than intramuscular) and dose in proportion to body weight (480 to 600 times higher).{{cite web |last1=Yandell |first1=Kate |title=COVID-19 Vaccines Have Not Been Shown to Cause 'Turbo Cancer' |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2023/08/covid-19-vaccines-have-not-been-shown-to-cause-turbo-cancer/ |website=FactCheck.org |date=2023-08-31}}{{cite news |title=Paper does not prove Pfizer mRNA vaccine causes 'turbo cancer' |url=https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PC3M3 |work=Fact Check |agency=AFP |date=2023-07-21 |language=en}}{{cite news |title=Claim linking Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, cancer in mouse distorts study {{!}} Fact check |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2023/08/30/post-falsely-links-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-mouse-cancer-fact-check/70702575007/ |work=USA TODAY}} The authors later added that their findings were "largely misinterpreted".{{Cite journal |last1=Eens |first1=Sander |last2=Van Hecke |first2=Manon |last3=Favere |first3=Kasper |last4=Tousseyn |first4=Thomas |last5=Guns |first5=Pieter-Jan |last6=Roskams |first6=Tania |last7=Heidbuchel |first7=Hein |date=2023 |title=Addendum: B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma following intravenous BNT162b2 mRNA booster in a BALB/c mouse: a case report |journal=Frontiers in Oncology |volume=13 |doi=10.3389/fonc.2023.1267904 |doi-access=free |issn=2234-943X |pmc=10622962}}