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Turnhout

{{use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}

{{Infobox Belgium municipality

|name = Turnhout

|picture = Turnhout - Grote Markt, 2022-03-31, pic01.jpg

|picture-legend = Grote Markt

|map = Turnhout Antwerp Belgium Map.svg

|map-legend = Location of Turnhout in the province of Antwerp

|arms = Turnhout wapen2.svg

|flag = Flag of Turnhout.svg

|region = {{BE-REG-FLE}}

|community = {{BE-NL}}

|province = {{BE-PROV-AN}}

|arrondissement = Turnhout

|nis=13040

|pyramid-date=

|0-19=

|20-64=

|65=

|foreigners=

|foreigners-date=

|mayor = Hannes Anaf (Vooruit)

|majority = Vooruit,N-VA, CD&V

|postal-codes = 2300

|telephone-area = 014

|web = [http://www.turnhout.be www.turnhout.be]

|coordinates = {{coord|51|19|N|04|57|E|region:BE|display=inline,title}}

}}

Turnhout ({{IPA|nl|ˈtʏr(ə)nɦʌut}}) is a Belgian municipality and city located in the Flemish province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises only the city of Turnhout proper. In 2021, its population was 45,874.{{cite web|url=https://statbel.fgov.be/sites/default/files/files/opendata/bevolking/sectoren/OPENDATA_SECTOREN_2021.xlsx |title=Bevolking per statistische sector - Sector 13040 |website=Statistics Belgium |access-date=10 May 2022 }} The total area is {{cvt|56.06|km2}}.{{cite web| url = http://www.citypopulation.de/Belgium-Mun.html| title = Belgium: Major Cities and Municipalities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information}} The agglomeration is much more populous, with 81,473 inhabitants.{{cite web| url = http://www.citypopulation.de/php/belgium-agglo.php| title = Agglomerations (Belgium): Urban Agglomerations - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}} It is known for its playing card industry, and houses the head office of the world's largest manufacturer of playing cards, Cartamundi. Turnhout is also the capital of the administrative district with the same name. The city council often promotes the city as "the capital of the Campine area".

Turnhout serves as the economic and cultural center for other communities in the immediate vicinity with more than 40 schools. There is also an important services sector with two hospitals, a two-stage theatre, and an eight-screen cinema.

Turnhout is located {{cvt|42|km}} from the centre of Antwerp, {{cvt|30|km}} from Breda and Tilburg, {{cvt|40|km}} from Eindhoven. The football club of the city is K.V. Turnhout.

In reference to the 2021 census, the population of Turnhout was recorded at 45,874.{{Cite web |title=Cities and Municipalities in Turnhout (Antwerpen, Belgium) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/belgium/antwerpen/13000__turnhout/ |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}

History

Turnhout originated on the crossroads of two major trade routes and in the protection of the hunting castle of the Dukes of Brabant that seems to have existed since 1110 or earlier. This hunting past is still reflected in the city's coat of arms. The small community that developed obtained its Libertas as a "free city" from Henry I, Duke of Brabant in about 1212.{{Cite web |title=A brief history of Turnhout |url=https://www.taxandriavzw.be/a-brief-history-of-turnhout.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Taxandria VZW |language=nl}} In 1338, the privilege of organizing a market on Saturday was granted, a tradition that still holds today, the city could now hold an annual fair so that all the goods from the surrounding villages could be offered for sale in Turnhout.{{Cite web |title=A brief history of Turnhout |url=https://www.taxandriavzw.be/a-brief-history-of-turnhout.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Taxandria VZW |language=nl}} In 1466, a traveler described the well-built houses and paved roads, and counted five churches.

File:Kasteel van de Hertogen van Brabant.jpg

By the 16th century, Turnhout had become a wealthy commercial center. Unfortunately, the end of the century brought war, fire, confiscations and epidemics. Suppression and inquisition made many progressive citizens to take refuge in the Dutch Republic, leaving the land of Turnhout impoverished. The further history of Turnhout consists of a series of ups and downs. Many times, the city and surroundings were the playground of armies, resulting in two major battles named after Turnhout: one in 1597 and one in 1789 are referred to as Battle of Turnhout.

In 1830, Belgium became independent, and Turnhout fell just south of the new border with the Netherlands. The period of peace between 1831 and 1914 saw the digging of the canal (1846) and the construction of the railroad (1855).

In the late Middle Ages, Turnhout was a well-known center for the weaving of bedding articles and of the linen trade. At the start of the 19th century, these trades were replaced by industries based on the use of paper. Pieter Corbeels and Philippus Jacobus Brepols are considered to be the founders of this industry. Turnhout retains much of this industry today. Numerous graphics companies are located in the region, such as Brepols, Group Joos, Proost International Book Production, Van Genechten Packaging, and last but not least Cartamundi, the world market leader of the playing card industry. In addition, the Belgian Centre for the Graphics Industry, and the Flemish Innovation Center for Graphic Communication (Campus Blairon) are located in Turnhout. Soudal, whose headquarters is located in Turnhout, is one of the leading companies in sealants.

= Postal history =

The Turnhout post office opened before 1830. It used postal code 122 with bars (before 1864), and 367 with points before 1874.Catalogue Spécialisé des Oblitérations Belges, 1849-1910, Nationale en Internationale Postzegelmanifestaties Antwerpen (NIPA), Antwerp, 1999.

Postal code since 1969: 2300.Liste des Numéros Postaux, Administration des Postes, Bruxelles 1969.

Sights

Architectural sights worth visiting are the 12th century castle of the Dukes of Brabant, the Gothic church of St. Peter, the beguinage (begijnhof) dating from the 13th century, the 14th century Gothic chapel of Theobald and the Taxandria museum housed in a prestigious Renaissance mansion. Of particular interest is the Museum of the Playing Card. This is located in an old factory building downtown and houses a beautifully restored steam engine.

The beguinage was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1998.

The largest building in Turnhout is the Turnova tower, built in 2019. It is considered the first skyscraper in the city.

Sports

Gallery

Image:Turnhout, Sint Pieterskerk foto15 2010-10-03 13.10.JPG|Turnhout, church: Sint Pieterskerk

Image:Turnhout, stadhuis foto4 2010-10-03 13.03.JPG|Turnhout, town hall

Image:Turnhout, treinstation foto7 2010-10-03 13.41.JPG|Turnhout, train station

Image:Turnhout, kerk7 foto1 2010-10-03 12.50.JPG|Turnhout, chapel

Image:Turnhout, watertoren foto3 2010-10-03 13.33.JPG|Turnhout, water tower

Notable residents

{{Further|:Category:People from Turnhout}}

File:Filip Daems.jpg

File:2018 EC Loena Hendrickx 2018-01-20 21-17-05 (4).jpg

File:Beerse Statue Paul Janssen 070225.JPG

Twin towns – sister cities

Turnhout is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Zustersteden|url=https://www.turnhout.be/zustersteden|publisher=Turnhout|language=nl|access-date=2023-01-12}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • [http://www.turnhout.be Official website] - Available only in Dutch
  • [http://www.gazetvanturnhout.be Gazet van Turnhout] - Internetkrant van de Turnhoutse stadsregio - In Dutch only

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Turnhout

|North = Baarle-Nassau (NL-NB)

|Northeast = Ravels

|East = Oud-Turnhout

|South = Kasterlee

|West = Merksplas
Beerse
Vosselaar

|Northwest = Baarle-Hertog

}}

{{Municipalities in Antwerp}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Municipalities of Antwerp Province

Category:Populated places in Antwerp Province

Category:World Heritage Sites in Belgium