Turquoise (color)#Variations
{{Short description|Greenish-blue color}}
{{About|the color|other uses|Turquoise (disambiguation)}}
{{pp-pc1}}
{{Infobox color
| title = Turquoise
| hex = 40E0D0
| source = X11
| isccname = Brilliant bluish green}}
Turquoise ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|ɜːr|k|(|w|)|ɔɪ|z}} {{respell|TUR|k(w)oyz}}) is a cyan color, based on the mineral of the same name. The word turquoise dates to the 17th century and is derived from the French {{lang|fr|turquois}}, meaning 'Turkish', because the mineral was first brought to Europe through Turkey from mines in the historical Khorasan province of Iran (Persia) and Afghanistan today.{{cite journal |last=Beale |first=Thomas W. |date=1973-10-01 |title=Early trade in highland Iran: A view from a source area |journal=World Archaeology |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=133–48 |doi=10.1080/00438243.1973.9979561 |issn=0043-8243}}{{Mindat |id=4060 |name=Turquoise |access-date=2022-04-24}}{{Cite web |url=http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/turquoise.pdf |title=Turquoise |website=RRUFF Project, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona |access-date=2022-04-24}} The first recorded use of turquoise as a color name in English was in 1573.Maerz and Paul (1930). A Dictionary of Color. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 206; Color Sample of Turquoise [green]: Page 73, Plate 25, Color Sample I5.
The X11 color named turquoise is displayed on the right.
Turquoise gemstones
{{Main|Turquoise}}
File:turquoise.pebble.700pix.jpg gemstone is the namesake for the color.]]
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue.
File:Closeup of Mir-i-Arab Madrasa.jpg Mosque in Bukhara, Uzbekistan]]
In many cultures of the Old and New Worlds, this gemstone has been esteemed for thousands of years as a holy stone, a bringer of good fortune or a talisman. The oldest evidence for this claim was found in ancient Egypt, where grave furnishings with turquoise inlay were discovered, dating from approximately 3000 BCE. In the ancient Persian Empire, the sky-blue gemstones were earlier worn round the neck or wrist as protection against unnatural death. If they changed color, the wearer was thought to have reason to fear the approach of doom. Meanwhile, it has been discovered that turquoise can change color. The change can be caused by light, or by a chemical reaction brought about by cosmetics, dust, or the acidity of the skin.
Turquoise is a stone and color that is strongly associated with the domes and interiors of large mosques in Iran, Central Asia, and Russia.
{{cite book
|first=Andrew |last=Petersen
|date=21 June 1999
|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture
|edition=1st |page=121
|publisher=Routledge
|isbn=978-0415213325
}}
{{cite web
|first=Farida M. |last=Said
|date=20 November 2012
|title=Tradition of the tile
|url=http://herald.dawn.com/2012/11/20/tradition-of-the-tile.html
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603121910/http://herald.dawn.com/2012/11/20/tradition-of-the-tile.html
|archive-date=3 June 2013
}}
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Variations
{{Further|Shades of cyan}}
=Celeste=
{{Main|Sky blue#Celeste}}
{{Infobox color
| title = Celeste
| hex = B2FFFF
| source = {{cite book |title=Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia |author=S.Fantetti e C.Petracchi|publisher=Zanichelli|year=2001|isbn=8808079953}}
| isccname = Very light bluish green}}
Celeste is a sky blue turquoise.
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=Light turquoise=
{{Infobox color
|title=Light turquoise
|hex=AFEEEE
|source=X11
|isccname=Very light bluish green}}
Light turquoise is a lighter tone of turquoise.
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=Turquoise blue=
{{Infobox color
|title=Turquoise blue
|hex=00FFEF
|source=Maerz and Paul
|isccname=Brilliant bluish green}}
Turquoise blue is close to turquoise on the color wheel, but slightly more blue.
{{cite book
|author1=Maerz
|author2=Paul
|year=1930
|chapter=Color Sample of Cyan: I
|at=page 73, plate 25, sample K12
|title=A Dictionary of Color
|place=New York, NY
|publisher=McGraw-Hill
}} — 'Turquoise blue' is shown lying very close to Turquoise, but very slightly more bluish.
The first recorded use of turquoise blue as a color name in English was in 1900.{{rp|page=206}}
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=Medium turquoise=
{{Infobox color
|title=Medium turquoise
|hex=48D1CC
|source=X11
|isccname=Brilliant bluish green}}
This is the web color medium turquoise.
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=Dark turquoise=
{{Infobox color
|title=Dark turquoise
|hex=00CED1
|source=X11
|isccname=Brilliant bluish green}}
This is the web color dark turquoise.
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=Bright turquoise=
{{Infobox color
|title= Bright turquoise
|hex= 08E8DE
|isccname=Brilliant bluish green}}
File:Toyota Celica front 20080320.jpg Celica GT Liftback has Bright Turquoise Metallic. Turquoise was a popular color for cars during the 1990s.{{Fact|date=April 2023}}]]
This is the color bright turquoise.
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See also
- {{annotated link|List of colors}}
References
{{reflist|25em}}
{{Shades of cyan|turquoise}}
{{Shades of blue|turquoise}}
{{Shades of green|turquoise}}
{{Authority control}}