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Turu language

{{Short description|Bantu language spoken in Tanzania}}

{{distinguish|Iau language}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Turu

|altname=Nyaturu

|nativename=Kιnyatυrυ, Kιrιmi

|states=Tanzania

|ethnicity=Turu

|speakers={{sigfig|595,000|2}}

|date=2006

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Niger-Congo

|fam2=Atlantic–Congo

|fam3=Volta-Congo

|fam4=Benue–Congo

|fam5=Bantoid

|fam6=Southern Bantoid

|fam7=Bantu

|fam8=Nyaturu-Nilamba-Isanzu

|iso3=rim

|glotto=nyat1246

|glottorefname=Nyaturu

|guthrie=F.32

}}

{{infobox NC name|Mυnyatυrυ, Mυrιmi|Wanyatυrυ, Arιmi|Kιnyatυrυ, Kιrιmi|Unyatυrυ, Urιmi|Tυrυ}}

The Turu or Nyaturu language, Kinyaturu, also known as Rimi Kirimi, is a Bantu language of spoken by the Wanyaturu also known as Arimi of the Singida region of Tanzania. Excluding the Bantu language prefixes Ke- and Ki-, other spellings of the language are Limi and Remi. Dialects of the three Turu tribes are Girwana of the Airwana (Wilwana) in the north, Giahi of the Vahi (Wahi) in the south and west, and Ginyamunyinganyi of the Anyiŋanyi (Wanyinganyi) in the east.

Phonology

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |

! colspan="3" |Bilabial

! colspan="3" |Alveolar

! colspan="2" |Post-alv./
Palatal

! colspan="3" |Velar

! colspan="2" |Uvular

! colspan="2" |Glottal

plain

!lab.

!pal.

!plain

!lab.

!pal.

!plain

!lab.

!plain

!lab.

!pal.

!plain

!lab.

!plain

!lab.

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|mʷ}}

|{{IPA link|mʲ}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|{{IPA link|nʷ}}

|

|{{IPA link|ɲ}}

|{{IPA link|ɲʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ŋ}}

|{{IPA link|ŋʷ}}

|

|

|

|

|

rowspan="4" |Plosive/
Affricate

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|p}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|t}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}

|{{IPA link|t͡ʃʷ}}

|{{IPA link|k}}

|{{IPA link|kʷ}}

|{{IPA link|kʲ}}

|

|

|

|

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|bʷ}}

|

|{{IPA link|d}}

|{{IPA link|dʷ}}

|

|{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}}

|{{IPA link|d͡ʒʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ɡ}}

|{{IPA link|ɡʷ}}

|

|

|

|

|

prenasal vl.

|{{IPA link|ᵐp}}

|{{IPA link|ᵐpʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ᵐpʲ}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿt}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿtʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿtʲ}}

|{{IPA link|ᶮt͡ʃ}}

|{{IPA link|ᶮt͡ʃʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ᵑk}}

|{{IPA link|ᵑkʷ}}

|

|

|

|

|

prenasal vd.

|{{IPA link|ᵐb}}

|{{IPA link|ᵐbʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ᵐbʲ}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿd}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿdʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿdʲ}}

|{{IPA link|ᶮd͡ʒ}}

|{{IPA link|ᶮd͡ʒʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ᵑɡ}}

|{{IPA link|ᵑɡʷ}}

|

|

|

|

|

rowspan="3" |Fricative

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|ɸ}}

|{{IPA link|ɸʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ɸʲ}}

|{{IPA link|s}}

|{{IPA link|sʷ}}

|{{IPA link|sʲ}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|x}}

|{{IPA link|xʷ}}

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}}

|{{IPA link|hʷ}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|β}}

|

|{{IPA link|βʲ}}

|

|

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|ɣ}}

|{{IPA link|ɣʷ}}

|

|{{IPA link|ʁ}}

|{{IPA link|ʁʷ}}

|

|

prenasal

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|ⁿs}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿsʷ}}

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|ᵑx}}

|{{IPA link|ᵑxʷ}}

|

|{{IPA link|ᶰʁ}}

|

|

|

rowspan="2" |Flap

!voiceless

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|ɾ̥}}

|{{IPA link|ɾ̥ʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ɾ̥ʲ}}

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

voiced

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|ɾ}}

|{{IPA link|ɾʷ}}

|{{IPA link|ɾʲ}}

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|l}}

|{{IPA link|lʷ}}

|{{IPA link|lʲ}}

|{{IPA link|j}}

|{{IPA link|jʷ}}

|{{IPA link|w}}

|

|

|

|

|

|

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

|{{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|iː}}

|

|{{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|uː}}

Near-close

|{{IPA link|ɪ}} {{IPA link|ɪː}}

|

|{{IPA link|ʊ}} {{IPA link|ʊː}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|eː}}

|

|{{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|oː}}

Open

|

|{{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|aː}}

|

  • Short vowel sounds /e, o/ may also be heard as more open [ɛ, ɔ] as allophones.{{Cite book |last=Olson |first=Howard S. |title=The Phonology and Morphology of Rįmi |publisher=Hartford CN: Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation |year=1964}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Languages of Tanzania}}

{{Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)}}

Category:Languages of Tanzania

Category:Northeast Bantu languages

{{Bantu-lang-stub}}