Type II collagen

{{Short description|Basis for articular and hyaline cartilage in animals}}

{{protein

|Name=collagen, type II, alpha 1 (primary osteoarthritis, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, congenital)

|caption=

|image=

|width=

|HGNCid=2200

|Symbol=COL2A1

|AltSymbols=SEDC

|EntrezGene=1280

|OMIM=120140

|RefSeq=NM_001844

|UniProt=P02458

|PDB=

|ECnumber=

|Chromosome=12

|Arm=q

|Band=13.11

|LocusSupplementaryData=-q13.2

}}

Type II collagen is the basis for hyaline cartilage, including the articular cartilages at joint surfaces. It is formed by homotrimers of collagen, type II, alpha 1 chains.

It makes up 50% of all protein in cartilage and 85–90% of collagen of articular cartilage.

Type II collagen is organised into fibrils. This fibrillar network of collagen allows the cartilage to entrap the proteoglycan aggregate, as well as providing tensile strength to the tissue. Oral administration of native type II collagen induces oral tolerance to pathological immune responses and may be useful in arthritis.{{cite journal | vauthors = Park KS, Park MJ, Cho ML, Kwok SK, Ju JH, Ko HJ, Park SH, Kim HY | title = Type II collagen oral tolerance; mechanism and role in collagen-induced arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis | journal = Modern Rheumatology | volume = 19 | issue = 6 | pages = 581–9 | date = 2009 | pmid = 19697097 | doi = 10.1007/s10165-009-0210-0 | s2cid = 207061498 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Bakilan F, Armagan O, Ozgen M, Tascioglu F, Bolluk O, Alatas O | title = Effects of Native Type II Collagen Treatment on Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial | journal = The Eurasian Journal of Medicine | volume = 48 | issue = 2 | pages = 95–101 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 27551171 | pmc = 4970562 | doi = 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2015.15030 }}