Typhoon Lingling (2019)

{{About|the 2019 typhoon|other storms of the same name|List of storms named Lingling}}

{{Infobox weather event

| name = Typhoon Lingling (Liwayway)

| image = Lingling 2019-09-05 1410Z.jpg

| caption = Typhoon Lingling at peak intensity off the coast of China on 5 September

| formed = 31 August 2019

| dissipated = 8 September 2019

| extratropical = 7 September 2019

}}{{Infobox weather event/JMA

| winds = 95

| pressure = 940

}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC

| winds = 120

| pressure = 928

| basin = Wpac

}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects

| year = 2019

| fatalities = 8 total

| damages = 300000000

| areas = Philippines, Taiwan, China, Japan, North Korea, Russia, Alaska

}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer

| season = 2019 Pacific typhoon season

}}

Typhoon Lingling, also known in the Philippines as Typhoon Liwayway, was a powerful typhoon that hit the Philippines, China, and Korea in early September 2019. It was also the strongest to strike North Korea. Lingling caused agriculture damage to Japan and the Korean Peninsula, causing several million USD in damage. Overall, Lingling caused $300 million (2019 USD) in damage and claimed 8 lives.

Meteorological history

On August 31, three tropical depressions formed, one of which was east of Mindanao. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center then issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system.{{Cite web|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/wp9219.gif|title=JTWC TCFA 92W}} On September 1, the Philippines agency PAGASA upgraded the system to a tropical depression and named it Liwayway.{{cite report|title=Severe Weather Bulletin #1 For: Tropical Depression Liwayway|url=https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/tamss/weather/bulletin/SWB%231_liwayway.pdf|publisher=PAGASA|date=September 1, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The Joint Typhoon Warning Center then gave Liwayway the designation 15W.{{Cite web|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/nsfc-nie_1090319.php|title = NASA infrared eye analyzes typhoon Lingling}} Liwayway then became better organized in the Philippine Sea. Early on September 2, the Japan Meteorological Agency reported that Liwayway intensified into a tropical storm, and named the system Lingling. Lingling then continued to organize itself, and soon later, the JTWC upgraded Lingling to a tropical storm. Lingling steadily strengthened, with convection consolidating around the center. Early in the morning of September 3, Lingling further intensified into a severe tropical storm.{{cite web| url=https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_07_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf | title=Severe Weather Bulletin No. 07 - for Severe Tropical Storm "LIWAYWAY" (I.N. LINGLING) | access-date=2024-02-07}} Late on September 3 UTC (early on September 4 local time), Lingling developed an eye.{{cite web| url=https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_09_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf | title=Severe Weather Bulletin No. 09 - for Severe Tropical Storm "LIWAYWAY" (I.N. LINGLING) | access-date=2024-02-07}} Subsequently, the JTWC upgraded Lingling into a Category 1 typhoon. Early on September 5, the JMA and PAGASA upgraded Lingling into a typhoon.{{cite web| url=https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_13_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019_11AM.pdf | title=Severe Weather Bulletin No. 13 - for Typhoon "LIWAYWAY" (I.N. LINGLING) | access-date=2024-02-07}} Subsequently, Lingling then underwent rapid intensification from favorable conditions near the South China Sea and soon became a Category 2, and later a Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson scale, as it tracked east of Taiwan. The eye became clear and wide as Lingling intensified even further. Lingling then moved out of the Philippine Area of Responsibility after making landfall in Miyako Island, and PAGASA issued its final advisory on Lingling.{{cite web| url=https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_14_FINAL_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019.pdf | title=Severe Weather Bulletin No. 14 - for Typhoon "LIWAYWAY" (I.N. LINGLING) | access-date=2024-02-07}} Lingling then made landfall as a Category 4 on Miyako-jima, then continued to intensify, and reaching its peak intensity as a violent typhoon, the first since Lekima a month earlier. It gradually weakened as it was east of China. At 2:30 p.m. KST (05:30 UTC), Lingling made landfall in South Hwanghae Province, North Korea with winds of {{convert|130|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}},{{cite news|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/society/view/2019/09/710509/|title=태풍 '링링' 오후 2시30분 북한 황해도 상륙|language=Korean|publisher=Maeil Broadcasting Network|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}} becoming the first typhoon and the strongest storm to strike the country.{{cite news|last1=Leister|first1=Eric|last2=Spamer|first2=Courtney|url=https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/severe-tropical-storm-lingling-to-batter-ryukyu-islands-south-korea-after-brushing-philippines/70009230|title=Lingling becomes one of strongest typhoons to hit South Korea, kills at least 3|publisher=AccuWeather|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}} On September 8, Lingling weakened to a minimal tropical storm. It moved away from North Korea and the center moved to Russia, weakening even further. Inside Russia, Lingling transitioned into an extratropical cyclone. Extratropical remnants of Lingling would travel through Russia before crossing the International Date Line in September 12.{{cite web |url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt |title=RSMC TROPICAL CYCLONE BEST TRACK |website=tgftp.nws.noaa.gov |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020054241/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt |archive-date=20 October 2019 |url-status=dead}}

Preparations and impacts

=Philippines=

Lingling enhanced the southwest monsoon, and caused rains in many parts of the country, while floods in other areas had still not subsided from the previous storms that passed the Extreme Northern Luzon area. Passing east of the Philippines, Lingling caused flooding in Luzon. Agricultural damage in Pampanga were amounted to ₱5.65 million (US$108,000).{{cite news|url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1821642|title=Pampanga crop damage due to floods hits P5M|publisher=Sun.Star|date=September 4, 2019|accessdate=September 5, 2019}}

=Japan=

Authorities issued an evacuation advisory before the storm. The advisory was lifted on September 6, after the storm passed. Lingling left more than 20,000 households without power in Okinawa Prefecture. In Miyakojima, Okinawa, 80 percent of homes were affected by a blackout.{{Cite web|url=https://newsonjapan.com/html/newsdesk/article/125483.php|title = Typhoon Lingling pummels Okinawan islands}} Economic loss in Okinawa Prefecture were at JP¥533 million (US$4.98 million).{{cite news|url=http://www.miyakomainichi.com/2019/09/123529/|script-title=ja:公共施設被害１億１３００万円／台風１３号|language=Japanese|publisher=Miyako Mainichi|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}}{{cite news|url=https://www.okinawatimes.co.jp/articles/-/468944|script-title=ja:台風の農水被害４億２千万円総額の97％が宮古地区|language=Japanese|publisher=Okinawa Times|date=September 10, 2019|accessdate=September 10, 2019}}

=Koreas=

File:Lingling 2019-09-07 0240Z.jpg

Passing west of South Korea, Lingling killed three people and injured ten others. Wind gusts reached {{convert|196|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} in Heuksando, the strongest wind observed in the country since Maemi in 2003. About 161,000 households had experienced power outages.{{cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20190907000022|title=3 dead amid hundreds of accidents due to Typhoon Lingling|publisher=The Korea Herald|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}} Damage nationwide were amounted to ₩159 billion (US$133 million).{{cite news|url=https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20190930114000004|script-title=ko:정부, 태풍 '링링' 피해 복구비 1천590억원 확정|language=Korean|publisher=Yonhap News Agency|date=September 30, 2019|accessdate=October 1, 2019}}

In North Korea, five people were dead with three others injured. The typhoon damaged 475 houses and buildings, as well as {{convert|46200|ha|acre|abbr=on}} of farmland.{{cite news|url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20190909003800325?section=nk/nk|title=Recovery work under way in N. Korea after powerful typhoon hits peninsula|publisher=Yonhap News Agency|date=September 9, 2019|accessdate=September 9, 2019}} North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was displeased with the preparations before the typhoon. In a press conference, he said:{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/8/several-dead-as-typhoon-lingling-hits-north-korea|title=Several Dead as Typhoon Lingling Hits North Korea|publisher=AlJazeera|date=8 September 2019|access-date=2020-11-14}}

[Senior officials were] helpless against the typhoon, unaware of its seriousness and seized with easygoing sentiment.

=China=

Lingling also passed through the Northeast China, affecting 455,000 people, according to the Ministry of Emergency Management. Over 2,800 people in the provinces of Jilin, Heilongjiang and Zhejiang were displaced. A total of 44 houses collapsed and over 460 were damaged, while 215,800 hectares of crops were affected.{{Cite web|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201909/09/WS5d764963a310cf3e3556a971.html|title = 455,000 people in China affected by Typhoon Lingling}} Total damage in China were calculated at CN¥930 million (US$131 million).{{cite news|author=叶昊鸣|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2019-09/09/c_1124979195.htm|script-title=zh:台风“玲玲”共造成3省45.5万人受灾|language=Chinese|publisher=Xinhua News|date=September 9, 2019|accessdate=September 10, 2019}}

=Russia=

Later, Lingling's extratropical remnants caused flooding in the Russian Far East, with damage in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast amounting to ₽2 billion (US$30.4 million).{{cite news|url=https://rg.ru/2019/09/10/reg-dfo/tajfun-linlin-podtopil-pochti-380-domov-v-komsomolske-na-amure.html|language=Russian|publisher=Russian Gazette|date=September 10, 2019|accessdate=September 10, 2019|title=Тайфун "Линлин" подтопил почти 380 домов в Комсомольске-на-Амуре }}