Typhoon Wilda (1964)

{{Storm path|Wilda 1964 track.png}}

According to data from the Japan Meteorological Agency, Wilda began as a tropical storm east-southeast of Guam on September 16, marked by a large mass of clouds and associated rainbands.{{cite web |date=2018 |title=1964 Super Typhoon WILDA (1964261N12149) |url=http://www.atms.unca.edu/ibtracs/ibtracs_v04r00/index.php?name=v04r00-1964261N12149 |access-date=November 9, 2020 |website=IBTrACS - International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship |publisher=University of North Carolina–Asheville |location=Asheville, North Carolina}}{{cite web |last1=Widger |first1=William K. Jr. |last2=Barnes |first2=James C. |last3=Merritt |first3=Earl S. |last4=Smith |first4=Robert B. |date=January 1966 |title=Meteorological Interpretation of Nimbus High Resolution Infrared (HRIR) Data |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19660008372/downloads/19660008372.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127191643/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19660008372/downloads/19660008372.pdf |archive-date=November 27, 2020 |access-date=November 9, 2020 |publisher=NASA |location=Washington, D.C.}}{{rp|141}} The system tracked northwest over the Northern Mariana Islands and into the Philippine Sea two days later. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center recognized the storm as a tropical cyclone on September 19 when it was located roughly {{convert|370|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of Saipan and assessed Wilda to have strengthened into a typhoon later that day.{{cite journal |date=1965 |title=Climatological Data: National Summary (Annual 1964) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-35536A67-8545-4734-9F7E-A3AD8A5DB47B.pdf |journal=Climatological Data |location=Asheville, North Carolina |publisher=United States Weather Bureau |volume=15 |issue=13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613165815/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-35536A67-8545-4734-9F7E-A3AD8A5DB47B.pdf |archive-date=June 13, 2020 |access-date=June 12, 2020 |via=National Centers for Environmental Information}}{{rp|77}} An eye emerged on Nimbus satellite imagery on September 20,{{rp|159}} and on September 21, Wilda reached its peak intensity over the Philippine Sea with one-minute maximum sustained winds of {{convert|280|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} as estimated by the JTWC and a minimum central pressure of 895 hPa (mbar; 26.43 inHg). Based on data from the JMA, this was tied for lowest central pressure of any typhoon in 1964, along with Typhoon Sally.{{cite web |last1=Kitamoto |first1=Asanobu |title=Digital Typhoon: Record of Typhoon in 1964 Season |url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital-typhoon/year/wnp/1964.html.en |access-date=November 9, 2020 |website=Digital Typhoon |publisher=National Institute of Informatics}} Wilda slightly weakened following peak strength before curving northward and making landfall on Kagoshima on September 24; one-minute sustained winds three hours prior to landfall were estimated to be {{convert|185|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. The storm passed over Shikoku and southern Honshu before emerging into the Sea of Japan and curving northeast. Wilda made a final landfall on the western coast of northern Honshu on September 25 as a tropical storm, thereafter, departing Japan and quickly moving towards the central Aleutian Islands as a powerful extratropical cyclone.{{rp|77}} The storm was last identified on September 27.

Wilda was one of the strongest typhoons to ever strike Japan as measured by atmospheric pressure, reaching Cape Sata in Kagoshima with a central pressure of 940 hPa (mbar; 27.76 inHg).{{cite web |date=2020 |title=中心気圧が低い台風 (統計期間：1951年～2020年第3号まで) |url=https://www.data.jma.go.jp/fcd/yoho/typhoon/statistics/ranking/air_pressure.html |access-date=November 9, 2020 |publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency |language=ja |location=Tokyo, Japan}} The typhoon caused 47 fatalities and 530 injuries in Japan. Over 70,000 homes were destroyed and nearly 45,000 were inundated by the typhoon across the country,{{cite web |last1=Kitamoto |first1=Asanobu |title=Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 196420 (WILDA) - Disaster Information |url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/dsummary.pl?id=196420&basin=wnp&lang=en |website=Digital Typhoon |publisher=National Institute of Informatics}} leaving thousands of people homeless.{{cite news |date=September 25, 1964 |title=Typhoon Wilda Sweeps Japan |page=5 |work=Salinas Californian |agency=United Press International |issue=232 |location=Salinas, California |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62913401/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} The southern and eastern coasts of Kyushu, the southern coast of Shikoku, and Hyōgo Prefecture experienced the highest proportion of destroyed homes per capita.{{cite journal |last1=Yamamoto |first1=Ryozaburo |last2=Mitsuta |first2=Yasuhi |last3=Miyata |first3=Kenji |last4=Tahira |first4=Makoto |date=March 1965 |title=Surface Winds of Typhoon Wilda (6420) Over Japan |url=http://hdl.handle.net/2433/69194 |journal=Disaster Prevention Research Institute Annuals |language=ja |location=Kyoto, Japan |publisher=Disaster Prevention Research Institute |volume=8 |pages=593–604 |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Kyoto University Research Information Repository |hdl=2433/69194}} At least 64 ships were sunk with another 192 damaged or lost.{{cite news |date=September 25, 1964 |title=Heavy Toll in Japan From Typhoon Wilda |page=21 |work=Waterloo Daily Courier |publisher=Associated Press |location=Waterloo, Iowa |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62913146/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} Damage was widespread in the northern Ryukyu Islands.{{rp|77}} Banana, sugar cane, and vegetable fields in Amami Ōshima were badly damaged, along with roofs and windows. Naze lost power during the storm. Wilda brought {{convert|6|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us|adj=on}} waves to southern Kyushu.{{cite news |date=September 24, 1964 |title=Year's Worst Typhoon Lashes Japan Islands |work=The Honolulu Advertiser |agency=United Press International |issue=54527 |location=Honolulu, Hawaii |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60057290/ |access-date=September 26, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} One British freighter ran aground off Kagoshima and broke into two; all 41 crew were rescued.{{cite news |date=September 26, 1964 |title=Typhoon Ruins Ship; Crew Of 41 Is Safe |volume=215 |page=A4 |work=The Sacramento Bee |agency=Associated Press |issue=34948 |location=Sacramento, California |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62915000/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} The widespread flooding in the region overtopped dikes and disrupted air and rail traffic.{{cite news |date=September 24, 1964 |title=Typhoon Wilda Brings Death To Kyushu Island |page=2 |work=Great Bend Daily Tribune |agency=United Press International |issue=38 |location=Great Bend, Kansas |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60057513/ |access-date=September 26, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} At Uwajima, Ehime, a peak wind gust of {{convert|259|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} was observed; this was the strongest wind recorded in connection with the Wilda in Japan.{{cite report |url=https://www.giroj.or.jp/publication/risk/No_59-2.pdf |title=強風災害の発生と被害に関する統計 |publisher=General Insurance Rating Organization of Japan |language=ja |access-date=November 9, 2020}} An 8,547-ton Indonesian freighter with 53 crew ran aground and keeled over at the Port of Kobe.{{cite news |date=September 25, 1964 |title=Typhoon Tosses Freighter About |page=1 |work=Fort Myers News-press |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62913689/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{cite news |date=September 25, 1964 |title=Storm Capsizes Transport |volume=60 |work=The La Crosse Tribune |agency=United Press International |issue=130 |location=La Crosse, Wisconsin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62913886/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}} Gale-force winds from Wilda reached the Tokyo area, damaging roofs at the Tokyo Olympic Village and uprooting trees two weeks before the start of the 1964 Summer Olympics.{{cite news |last1=Rodda |first1=John |date=September 30, 1964 |title=Japan still has much to do |page=6 |work=The Guardian |issue=36775 |location=Manchester, United Kingdom |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62914128/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{cite news |date=September 25, 1964 |title=25 Dead As Storm Hits Japan |page=1 |work=The Miami Herald |agency=United Press International |issue=299 |location=Miami, Florida |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62914263/ |access-date=November 9, 2020 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{cite news |date=September 26, 1964 |title=36 Dead In Wake Of Japan Typhoon |page=A-2 |work=The Honolulu Advertiser |agency=United Press International |issue=54529 |location=Honolulu, Hawaii |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/62914630/ |access-date=November 9, 2020}} A ship just south of Tokyo Bay reported winds of {{convert|76|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.{{rp|77}}

• Typhoon Vera (1959) – an intense and deadly typhoon that was also known as the Isewan Typhoon.
• Typhoon Chaba (2004) – an intense typhoon that took a comparable track.
• Typhoon Songda (2004) – another intense typhoon that affected similar areas, not long after Chaba did.
• Typhoon Jebi (2018) – the costliest typhoon in Japan's history in terms of insured losses.
• Typhoon Krosa (2019) – a typhoon that took a nearly identical track.

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Category:Typhoons in Japan