Tyriaeum

Tyriaeum or Tyriaion, also spelled Tyraion, was a Roman and Byzantine era civitas in the Roman Province of Pisidia,John Anthony Cramer, A Geographical and Historical Description of Asia Minor, With a Map, Volume 2 (At the University Press, 1832), p. 314. located ten parasangs from Iconium{{Cite AnabasisX|1.2.13}} It was mentioned by Xenophon, and Pliny and Strabo tell us it was between Philomelium (Akshehr) and Laodicea Combusta.{{Cite Strabo|14}}Charles Anthon, A Classical Dictionary: Containing ... Proper Names Mentioned in Ancient Authors (Harper & Bros., 1841) [https://books.google.com/books?id=3XIPAAAAYAAJ&dq=Tyriaeum%2C+Pisidia&pg=PA768 p 768]. It is thought to be near modern Ilgın.{{Cite DARE|21528}}

History

Cyrus the Younger reviewed his troops for the Cilician queen{{Cite AnabasisX|1.1.14}} at Tyriaeum in Phrygia.Travels in the Track of the Ten Thousand Greeks: being a geographical and descriptive account of the expedition of Cyrus, and of the retreat of the Ten Thousand Greeks, as related by Xenophon (J. W. Parker, 1844). [https://books.google.com/books?id=SxplAAAAcAAJ&dq=Tyriaeum%2C+Pisidia&pg=PA33 page 33]. The town was recognized as a polis by Eumenes II of Pergamon in a set of royal letters found inscribed in the schoolyard of Mahmuthisar village south of Ilgin.{{cite journal |author1-last=Jonnes |author1-first=L. |author2=Ricl, M. |title=A New Royal Inscription from Phrygia Paroreios |journal=Epigraphica Anatolia |date=1997 |page=1 |language=English}} It then formed part of the Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire.

During the 11th century, had a substantial Christian population and was so well fortified that even after the defeat at Mantzikert 1071 the Turks were unable to capture it.{{cite journal |last1=Bernard Bachrach |author1-link=Bernard Bachrach |editor1-last=Jeffreys |editor1-first=Elizabeth |editor2-last=Gertwagen |editor2-first=Ruthy |title=The Crusader March from Dorylaion to Herakleia |journal=Shipping, Trade and Crusade in the Medieval Mediterranean Studies in Honour of John Pryor |date=April 2016 |page=243 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKreCwAAQBAJ |access-date=25 September 2023 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |language=English}}

The town was taken by Suleiman the Magnificent and Tamerlane.Francis-Vyiyan-Jago Arundell, Visit to the Seven Churches of Asia, with an Excursion Into Pisidia (John Rodwell, 1828) p203. In 1308 during the Crusades there was a massacre of refugees from Ephesus in this town by Sultan Abu Zayyan I.Francis-Vyiyan-Jago Arundell, Visit to the Seven Churches of Asia, with an Excursion Into Pisidia (John Rodwell, 1828) p54.

Bishopric

The city was the seat of an ancient Bishopric. Bishop TheotececnusRichard Price, Michael Gaddis, The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon, Volume 1 (Liverpool University Press, 2005)[https://books.google.com/books?id=3XIPAAAAYAAJ&dq=Tyriaeum%2C+Pisidia&pg=PA768 p 84]. cast a vote at the Council of Chalcedon. No longer a residential bishopric, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d3t38.html Catholic Hierarchy]

Tyriaeum was long mistaken as the site of Thyatira of the Apocalypse.

References

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Category:Populated places in Phrygia

Category:Former populated places in Turkey

Category:Roman towns and cities in Turkey

Category:Populated places of the Byzantine Empire

Category:History of Konya Province

Category:Catholic titular sees in Asia