USA-180

{{Short description|American navigation satellite used for GPS}}

{{Infobox spaceflight

| name = USA-180

| image = GPS-IIR.jpg

| image_caption = A Block IIR GPS satellite

| insignia =

| mission_type = Navigation

| operator = US Air Force

| COSPAR_ID = 2004-045A{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2004-045A|title=Navstar 56|publisher=US National Space Science Data Center|access-date=11 July 2012}}

| SATCAT = 28474

| mission_duration = 10 years (planned)

| spacecraft =

| spacecraft_type = GPS Block IIR

| spacecraft_bus = AS-4000

| manufacturer = Lockheed Martin

| launch_mass = {{convert|2032|kg}}

| dimensions =

| power =

| launch_date = {{start-date|6 November 2004, 05:39:00|timezone=yes}} UTC

| launch_rocket = {{nowrap|Delta II 7925-9.5,}} D308

| launch_site = Cape Canaveral SLC-17B

| entered_service =

| disposal_type =

| deactivated =

| orbit_slot =

| orbit_epoch =

| orbit_reference = Geocentric

| orbit_regime = Medium Earth
(Semi-synchronous)

| orbit_periapsis = {{convert|19936|km}}

| orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|20426|km}}

| orbit_inclination = 54.8 degrees

| orbit_period = 717.94 minutes

| apsis = gee

}}

USA-180, also known as GPS IIR-13 and GPS SVN-61, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the thirteenth of twenty one Block IIR GPS satellites to be launched, and the last in the original configuration. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.

USA-180 was launched at 05:39:00 UTC on 6 November 2004, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D308, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration.{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|author-link=Jonathan McDowell|access-date=11 July 2012}} The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station,{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/lvdb/list2.html|title=Launch List|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|work=Launch Vehicle Database|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|access-date=11 July 2012|archive-date=15 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815040340/http://planet4589.org/space/lvdb/list2.html|url-status=dead}} and placed USA-180 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37FM apogee motor.{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/navstar-2r.htm|title=GPS-2R (Navstar-2R)|first=Gunter|last=Krebs|work=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=11 July 2012}}

By 5 January 2005, USA-180 was in an orbit with a perigee of {{convert|19936|km}}, an apogee of {{convert|20426|km}}, a period of 717.94 minutes, and 54.8 degrees of inclination to the equator.{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|access-date=11 July 2012}} It is used to broadcast the PRN 02 signal, and operates in slot 1 of plane D of the GPS constellation. The satellite has a mass of {{convert|2032|kg}}, and a design life of 10 years. As of 2019 it remains in service.