USS ABSD-4
{{Short description|Large auxiliary floating drydock of the US Navy}}
| {{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption=yes}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image= Seeadler Harbor with floating drydocks in September 1945.jpg |Ship caption= ABSD-4 background in Seeadler Harbor with ABSD-2 (foreground) in September 1945 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=United States |Ship flag={{USN flag}} |Ship name= USS AFDB-4 - ABSD-4 |Ship namesake= |Ship owner= US Navy |Ship operator= |Ship registry= |Ship route= |Ship ordered= |Ship awarded= |Ship builder= Mare Island Naval Shipyard in Vallejo, California |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down=1942 and 1943 |Ship launched= |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship completed= 1944 |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned= |Ship recommissioned= 1946 to AFDB-4 |Ship decommissioned= |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= 30 April 1945 |Ship renamed= |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= 15 April 1989 |Ship reinstated= |Ship homeport= |Ship identification= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honours= |Ship honors= 40px Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal 40px World War II Victory Medal 40px National Defense Service Medal |Ship captured= |Ship fate= Partly sunk in place at Lombrum Naval Base |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type= |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement=38,500 (in ten sections) |Ship length={{convert|927|ft|m|abbr=on}} (in ten sections) |Ship beam={{convert|256|ft|0|in|m|abbr=on}} |Ship height={{convert|9|ft|m|abbr=on}} floated, {{convert|78|ft|m|abbr=on}} flooded |Ship draught= |Ship draft= |Ship depth= |Ship hold depth= |Ship decks= |Ship deck clearance= |Ship ramps= |Ship ice class= |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=none |Ship sail plan= |Ship speed= |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship test depth= |Ship boats= |Ship capacity=90,000 tons lift |Ship troops= |Ship complement=690 officers and men |Ship crew= |Ship time to activate= |Ship sensors= |Ship EW= |Ship armament=none |Ship armour= |Ship armor= |Ship aircraft= |Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship notes= }} |
File:USSABSD-4_._Ballastpontoons.jpg
File:USSNewYorkBB-34inABSD41945.jpg
USS ABSD-4, later redesignated as AFDB-4, was a nine-section, non-self-propelled, large auxiliary floating drydock of the US Navy. Advance Base Sectional Dock-4 (Auxiliary Floating Dock Big-4) was constructed in sections during 1942 and 1943 by the Mare Island Naval Shipyard in Vallejo, California for World War II. With all ten sections joined, she was 927 feet long, 28 feet tall (keel to welldeck), and with an inside clear width of 133 feet 7 inches. ABSD-4 had a traveling 15-ton capacity crane with an 85-foot radius and two or more support barges. The two side walls were folded down under tow to reduce wind resistance and lower the center of gravity. ABSD-4 had 6 capstans for pulling, each rated at {{cvt|24000|lbf}} at {{cvt|30|ft/min|m/s}}, 4 of the capstans were reversible. There were also 4 ballast compartments in each section.[https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=O850 ww2db.com, ABSD-2][https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-9.html Building the Navy's Bases in World War II, History of the Bureau of Yards and Docks and the Civil Engineer Corps 1940-1946 Chapter IX, Floating Drydocks][http://www.navsource.org/archives/14/0104.htm Navsource - AFDB-4]
World War II
The ABSD-4 floating drydock departed California in 1944 and made the voyage across the Pacific Ocean in convoys in 48 days. USS ABSD-4 sections were reassembled at Espiritu Santo Naval Base at Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides (now Vanuatu), in the South Pacific Ocean. Once assembled in the fall of 1944 she was moved for operation at Seeadler Harbor (also called Port Seeadler), at Admiralty Islands in the Bismarck Archipelago, to the north of New Guinea also called the Manus Islands, after the largest island there, at Manus Naval Base. USS ABSD-4 sister ship USS ABSD-2 also worked at Seeadler Harbor during the war. ABSD-4 repaired the large ships in the US Navy and United Kingdom's Royal Navy during World War II. Able to lift 90,000 tons ABSD-2 could raise large ships like, aircraft carriers, battleships, cruisers, and large auxiliary ships, out the water for repair below the ship's waterline. She was also used to repair multiple smaller ships at the same time. Ships in continuous use during war need repair both from wear and from war damage from naval mine and torpedoes. Rudders and propellers are best serviced on dry docks. Without ABSD-4 and her sister ships, at remote locations months could be lost in a ships returning to a home port for repair. ABSD-4 had provisions for the repair crew, such bunk beds, meals, and laundry. ABSD-4 had power stations, ballast pumps, repair shops, machine shops, and mess halls to be self-sustaining. ABSD-2 had two rail track moveable cranes able to lift tons of material and parts for removing damage parts and install new parts.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307043430/http://navy.memorieshop.com/Artisan/index.html USS ABSD-1 [1943-1946]]}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20170211180424/http://www.nvr.navy.mil/SHIPDETAILS/SHIPSDETAIL_AFDL_6_2105.HTML US Navy AFDL-6]
[https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/80-G-354000/80-G-354318.html US Navy 80-G-354318 Naval Amphibious Base, Manus, Admiralty Islands]
[https://archive.org/stream/manualofadvanced00unit/manualofadvanced00unit_djvu.txt US Navy Department, Manual of Advanced Base Development and Maintenance, April 1945]
Some of the ships repaired:
- USS Duluth (CL-87) repaired storm damaged on 10 June 1945 completed repairs 5 July, back in service.
- USS New York (BB-34) repaired early March 1945, repaired propellers and repainted. Due to the USS New York 29 ft 7 in (9.02 m) draft with a full load, the battleship had to unload much of her ammunition and fuel oil before entering AFDB-4.[http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/34a.htm navsource, USS New York (BB-34)]
- USS Allen M. Sumner (DD-69) repaired on 20 Jan. 1945
Attacked
Near the end of the war on April 22, 1945 at 2pm a Mitsubishi A6M Zero two seater plane piloted by Shimbo and Ensign Chuhei Okubo in the second seat, overflew Seeadler Harbor at 14,000 feet. They saw what they thought were two "aircraft carriers", but here actually empty floating dry docks ABSD-4 and ABSD-2. On April 27, 1945 at about 11:15pm a three Nakajima B5N a Japanese Zero fighter aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy flying from Truk flew over ABSD-4, one plane dropped an aerial torpedo and it hit one of the pontoons tanks of ABSD-4 damaging the dry dock. At the time of the attacked ABSD-4 was repairing a cargo ship, Landing Ship, Tank (LST) ship and a seaplane tender ship. The seaplane tender was loaded with ammunition and under an emergency repair.
She was repaired and returned to service. On the same day shortly after ABSD-4 was hit, ABSD-2 was hit by an aerial torpedo into pontoon tank in section G, damaging the dry dock. ABSD-2 was repaired and returned to service.[https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-2.html Pacific Wrecks, ABSD-2 Floating Dry Dock 2]The Siege of Rabaul, by Henry Sakaida, 1996, page 79-85[https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-96000/NH-96177.html US Navy, NH 96177 USS ABSD-2 ][https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-96000/NH-96176.html US Navy NH 96176 USS ABSD-2]
The Siege of Rabaul, by Henry Sakaida, a Phalanx book, 1996[https://sites.rootsweb.com/~boyerlinks/jackson/america.html rootsweb.com, Jack Jackson aboard ABSD-2][http://chronicleillinois.com/news/kane-county-news/war-hell/ War is Hell, November 12, 2014]
Post-war
After the war ABSD-4, ABSD-4 was reclassified AFDB-4 and was taken out of service. ABSD-4 was left in Seeadler Harbor off Lombrum Point at Lombrum Naval Base. ABSD-4 was officially decommissioned and struck from the US Navy register on April 15, 1989. ABSD-4 is now a shipwreck that is partially sunk. The outer walls of the ABSD-4 remain above the water line. She rest at Lombrum, Papua New Guinea, GPS coordinates: {{coord|-2.043333|147.406667||display=inline}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/auxafd.htm|title=Floating Dry-Docks (AFDB, AFDM, AFDL, ARD, ARDM, YFD)|date=30 April 2015|publisher=shipbuildinghistory.com|access-date=8 January 2019}}[https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-4.html pacificwrecks.com AFDB-4 pacificwrecks.com, ABSD-4 - AFDB-4]
See also
- Dry dock
- Heavy-lift ship
- Hughes Mining Barge
- PD-50 Russia's largest floating dry dock.
- Semi-submersible naval vessel
- Semi-submersible platform
External links
- [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-4/1944/aerial-afdb4-afdb2.html pacificwrecks.com ABSD-4 and ABSD-2]
- [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-4/1945/drydock-wwii.html pacificwrecks, Auxiliary Floating Dry Dock AFDL-12 inside ABSD-4 in Seeadler Harbor]
- [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-4/2003/floating-dock.html pacificwrecks, ABSD-4 sunk side view]
- [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/AFDB-4/2003/floating-dock-side.html pacificwrecks, ABSD-4 sunk front view]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GD2rM4RjUEY Youtube, BATTLESHIP USS IDAHO REPAIRED AT ESPIRITU SANTO in 1944 in USS Artisan (ABSD-1)1]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_ZFNvypj2o Youtube, August 15, 1944 mighty battleship Idaho at ABSD-1]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vQ0SM159nE0 Youtube, Floating Dry Docks WWII]
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Advanced base section dock (ABSD)}}
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Category:World War II auxiliary ships of the United States