USS Agamenticus
{{Short description|United States Navy ship, 1863}}
{{other ships|USS Terror}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
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{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=Agamenticus (1863).jpg |Ship caption=Agamenticus shortly after her completion in 1865 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=United States |Ship flag={{USN flag|1872}} |Ship name=Agamenticus |Ship namesake=Mount Agamenticus |Ship ordered= |Ship awarded= |Ship builder=Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, Maine |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down=1862 |Ship launched=19 March 1863 |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship completed= |Ship commissioned=5 May 1865 |Ship decommissioned=10 June 1872 |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship renamed=Terror, 15 June 1869 |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honors= |Ship fate=Scrapped, 1874 |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class={{sclass|Miantonomoh|monitor | warship}}
|Ship displacement={{convert|3295|LT|t|0|lk=on}} |Ship length={{convert|261|ft|m|abbr=on|1}} (o/a) |Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|m|abbr=on|1}} |Ship draft={{convert|12|ft|3|in|m|abbr=on|1}} |Ship depth={{cvt|15|ft|6|in|m|1}} |Ship power=*4 Martin water-tube boilers
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts; 2 vibrating-lever steam engines |Ship speed={{convert|9|kn|lk=in}} |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship complement=150 officers and enlisted men |Ship armament=2 × twin {{convert|15|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} smoothbore Dahlgren guns |Ship armor=*Side: {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}
|Ship notes= }} |
USS Agamenticus was one of four {{sclass|Miantonomoh|monitor||warship}}s built for the United States Navy during the American Civil War. Commissioned as the war was ending in May 1865, the ironclad saw no combat and was decommissioned in September and placed in reserve. The ship was reactivated in 1870, having been renamed Terror the previous year, and was assigned to the North Atlantic Fleet where she served in the Caribbean Sea. The monitor was decommissioned again in 1872 and was sold for scrap two years later. The Navy Department evaded the Congressional refusal to order new ships by claiming that the Civil War-era ship was being repaired while building a new monitor of the same name.
Description
The Miantonomoh class was designed by John Lenthall, Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair, although the ships varied somewhat in their details. Agamenticus was {{convert|261|ft|m|0}} long overall, had a beam of {{convert|52|ft|m|1}}Canney, p. 67 and had a draft of {{convert|12|ft|3|in|m|1}}. The ship had a depth of hold of {{convert|15|ft|6|in|m|1}}, a tonnage of 1,564 tons burthen and displaced {{convert|3295|LT|t|lk=on}}.Silverstone, p. 8 She was fitted with a breakwater to protect the forward gun turret from flooding in high seas. Her crew consisted of 150 officers and enlisted men.
Agamenticus was powered by a pair of two-cylinder horizontal vibrating-lever steam engines, each driving one four-bladed propeller about {{convert|10|ft|m|0}} in diameter using steam generated by four Martin vertical water-tube boilers.Canney, p. 66 The engines were rated at {{convert|1400|ihp|lk=on}} and gave the ship a top speed of {{convert|9|kn|lk=in}}.Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 121 She was designed to carry {{convert|300|LT|t|0}} of coal.Canney, p. 65
=Armament and armor=
Her main battery consisted of four smoothbore, muzzle-loading, {{convert|15|in|mm|adj=on|0}} Dahlgren guns mounted in two twin-gun turrets, one each fore and aft of the single funnel. Each gun weighed approximately {{convert|43000|lb}}. They could fire a {{convert|350|lb|1|adj=on}} shell up to a range of {{convert|2100|yd}} at an elevation of +7°.Olmstead, et al, p. 94
The sides of the hull of the Miantonomoh-class ships were protected by five layers of {{convert|1|in|adj=on}} wrought-iron plates that tapered at their bottom edge down to total of {{convert|3|in|mm}}, backed by {{convert|12|-|14|in|mm|0}} of wood. The armor of the gun turret consisted of ten layers of one-inch plates and the pilot house had eight layers. The ship's deck was protected by armor {{convert|1.5|in}} thick. The bases of the funnel and the ventilator were also protected by unknown thicknesses of armor.
Construction and career
Agamenticus was named after Mount Agamenticus in York County, Maine.
The monitor was laid down in 1862 at the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine and launched on 19 March 1863. To speed her construction, her hull was built from green wood.Canney, p. 68 While still building in early 1864, she was modified with the addition of a turret-roof-height "hurricane deck" that stretched between the two turrets and around the funnel and main ventilator to improve her navigational facilities.Terror Agamenticus was commissioned on 5 May 1865 and was prepared to fight the Confederate ironclad CSS Stonewall that was at sea somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean at that time. Stonewall went elsewhere and the monitor operated off the northeastern coast of the United States until she was decommissioned at the Boston Navy Yard on 30 September. Agamenticus remained laid up for nearly five years and was renamed Terror on 15 June 1869.
Before she was formally recommissioned on 27 May 1870, the ship was tasked in January to join a small group of ships under the command of Admiral David Farragut that escorted the British ironclad {{HMS|Monarch|1868|6}} to Portland, Maine, as it ferried the body of the philanthropist George Peabody from London to his final resting place. Terror was assigned to the North Atlantic Fleet when she was reactivated. At that time it mostly operated in the Caribbean Sea, protecting American citizens and interests during the Ten Years' War in Spanish Cuba and unrest in the West Indies.
The monitor was relieved of her assignment at Key West, Florida, on 17 May 1872 and she was towed to the Philadelphia Navy Yard, Pennsylvania, by the tugboat {{USS|Powhatan|1850|6}}. Terror was again laid up on 10 June. Around this time the ship was fitted with an elevated wooden pilot house above the armored pilot house on the forward turret. Two years later, her wooden hull was rotting and she was sold for scrap. Although Congress was informed by the Navy Department that the Civil War-era ship was being repaired, a new iron-hulled monitor of the same name was built with repair money and the proceeds of her sale because Congress refused to fund any new construction at this time.
Citations
{{Reflist}}
References
- {{cite book|last=Canney|first=Donald L.|title=The Old Steam Navy|publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=1993|volume=2: The Ironclads, 1842–1885 |isbn=0-87021-586-8}}
- {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|editor1-last=Chesneau |editor1-first=Roger|editor2-last=Kolesnik|editor2-first=Eugene M.|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4 |name-list-style=amp |url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_l2e2}}
- {{cite book|last1=Olmstead|first1=Edwin|last2=Stark|first2=Wayne E.|last3=Tucker|first3=Spencer C.|title=The Big Guns: Civil War Siege, Seacoast, and Naval Cannon|publisher=Museum Restoration Service|location=Alexandria Bay, New York|year=1997|isbn=0-88855-012-X|name-list-style=amp}}
- {{cite book|last=Silverstone|first=Paul H.|title=Civil War Navies 1855-1883|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|year=2006|series=The U.S. Navy Warship Series|isbn=0-415-97870-X}}
- {{cite web |title=Terror I (Monitor) |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/terror-i.html |website=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |publisher=Naval History and Heritage Command |access-date=19 August 2020|date=29 September 2015}}
{{Miantonomoh class monitor}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agamenticus}}
Category:Miantonomoh-class monitors
Category:Ships built in Kittery, Maine