UTI vaccine
{{Short description|Vaccine to prevent urinary tract infections}}
A UTI vaccine is a vaccine used for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs).{{cite journal | vauthors = Nickel JC, Saz-Leal P, Doiron RC | title = Could sublingual vaccination be a viable option for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in Canada? A systematic review of the current literature and plans for the future | journal = Can Urol Assoc J | volume = 14 | issue = 8 | pages = 281–287 | date = August 2020 | pmid = 33626320 | pmc = 7402698 | doi = 10.5489/cuaj.6690 | url = }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Prattley S, Geraghty R, Moore M, Somani BK | title = Role of Vaccines for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review | journal = Eur Urol Focus | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 593–604 | date = May 2020 | pmid = 31806578 | doi = 10.1016/j.euf.2019.11.002 | url = }} A number of UTI vaccines have been developed and/or marketed.{{cite journal | vauthors = Doiron RC, Cotechini T, Nickel JC | title = It's Time to Embrace Vaccination as We Enter the Postantibiotic Era of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Management | journal = J Urol | volume = 211 | issue = 6 | pages = 797–799 | date = June 2024 | pmid = 38704743 | doi = 10.1097/JU.0000000000003969 | url = }} These include Uromune (MV-140; sublingual spray), UroVaxom (OM-89, OM-8980; oral tablet),{{cite web | title=OM 8980 | website=AdisInsight | date=16 August 2022 | url=https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800000983 | access-date=11 October 2024}} Solco-Urovac (Strovac; vaginal suppository or intramuscular injection),{{cite journal | vauthors = Mak Q, Greig J, Dasgupta P, Malde S, Raison N | title = Bacterial Vaccines for the Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | journal = Eur Urol Focus | volume = | issue = | pages = | date = April 2024 | pmid = 38644097 | doi = 10.1016/j.euf.2024.04.002 | url = https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/4d4ada89-888f-47f9-8b81-5ee76e1b1a21}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Litschgi M | title = Harnwegsinfektbehandlung mit SolcoUrovac | trans-title = Treatment of urinary tract infections with SolcoUrovac | language = German | journal = Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd | volume = 47 | issue = 2 | pages = 107–110 | date = February 1987 | pmid = 3106132 | doi = 10.1055/s-2008-1035786 | url = }} ExPEC4V (V10, JNJ-63871860; intramuscular injection),{{cite web | title=JNJ 63871860 | website=AdisInsight | date=5 November 2023 | url=https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800037300 | access-date=11 October 2024}} and SEQ-400 (route unspecified).{{cite web | title=SEQ 400 | website=AdisInsight | date=15 September 2023 | url=https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800045995 | access-date=11 October 2024}}
Background
Recurrent UTIs are common in women, causing significant physical and emotional distress. While antibiotics are widely used to treat them, the recurrence of UTIs poses a significant challenge. Long-term antibiotic use not only poses health risks but also contributes to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, making effective treatment more challenging.
Uromune (MV-140)
{{Main|Uromune}}
Uromune (developmental code name MV-140) is a vaccine developed to treat recurrent UTIs that is made from heat-inactivated bacteria mixed with in glycerol, sodium chloride, artificial pineapple flavoring, and water.{{cite journal |last1=Nickel |first1=J. Curtis |last2=Doiron |first2=R. Christopher |title=An Effective Sublingual Vaccine, MV140, Safely Reduces Risk of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Women |journal=Pathogens |date=21 February 2023 |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=359 |doi=10.3390/pathogens12030359 |doi-access=free |pmid=36986281 |pmc=10052183 }} It contains specific strains of four types of bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Proteus vulgaris.
This vaccine is taken by spraying it under the tongue twice a day for three months. It is currently being tested in clinical trials. Studies suggest that MV140 works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies and activate certain immune cells, which help protect against UTIs.
In a conducted study involving 89 individuals with a history of urinary tract infections (UTIs), participants were instructed to use two sprays of the vaccine daily for three months. Preliminary results presented at the European Association of Urology Congress in Paris revealed that nine years later, 54 percent of the participants remained free from UTIs. Women in the study remained UTI-free for approximately 4.5 years on average, while men experienced around 3.5 years without UTIs.{{cite magazine |last=Rapaport |first=Lisa |date=April 11, 2024 |title=Experimental Uti Vaccine Offers Potential Alternative to Antibiotics |url=http://www.everydayhealth.com/urinary-tract-infection/new-uti-vaccine-is-a-mouth-spray-that-tastes-like-pineapple/ |magazine=Everyday Health |location= |publisher= |access-date=6 May 2024}} Dr. Bob Yang, who co-led the study and serves as a consultant urologist at the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom, noted that before receiving the vaccine, all participants had struggled with recurrent UTIs, which can be challenging to treat.
Regulatory status
UTI vaccines are approved for medical use in some countries or are available via special-access programs. However, UTI vaccines remain in the experimental stage of development in much of the world and remain to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States.
See also
References
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