Udayaravichandrika
{{Short description|A Janya raga of Carnatic music}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox ragam
| name = Udayaravichandrika/Shuddha Dhanyasi
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela = Kharaharapriya
| chakra = Veda
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|G1|M1|P|N1|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N1|P|M1|G1|S}}
| jeeva = {{svaraC|}}
| gruha = {{svaraC|S'}}
| chhaya = {{svaraC|G1|N1}}
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent = Raag Dhani
Minor pentatonic scale
Chinese Scale
| similar =
}}
{{Carnatic}}{{Cleanup lang|article|date=November 2021}}
Udayaravichandrika, or Shuddha Dhanyasi, is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is an audava rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes). Closer to Udayaravichandrika in Hindustani music is Dhani aka Gaundgiri.Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH PublicationsRaganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras{{cite news
|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/a-ragas-journey-soulful-suddhadhanyasi/article2701250.ece
|title=A Raga's Journey — Soulful Suddhadhanyasi
|newspaper=The Hindu
|date=9 December 2011
|last1=Mani
|first1=Charulatha
}} But Dhani has N2 while Udayaravichandrika N3 in theory. Its Western equivalent is the Minor pentatonic scale. This raga has a great association with the Chinese musicology, which is highly influenced by this raga, and is also called the "Chinese Scale". The Prati Madhyamam ({{svaraC|M2}}) equivalent of this raga is "Sumanesaranjani" (alias "Samudrapriya"), whose Hindustani Equivalent is "Madhukauns"
Structure and Lakshana
File:Udayaravichandrika scale.svg
Udayaravichandrika is a symmetric rāgam that does not contain rishabham or dhaivatam. It is a pentatonic scale (audava-audava rāgam in Carnatic music classification – audava meaning 'of five') and is equivalent to the minor pentatonic scale in Western music.{{Cite web|url=https://www.basicmusictheory.com/c-minor-pentatonic-scale|title=basicmusictheory.com: C minor pentatonic scale|website=Basicmusictheory.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-19}}
Its {{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}} structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
The notes used in this scale sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam and kaisiki nishadham. Udayaravichandrika is considered a janya rāgam of Kharaharapriya, the 22nd melakarta rāgam, though it can be derived from other melakarta rāgams, Hanumatodi, Natabhairavi or Natakapriya, by dropping both rishabham and dhaivatam.
{{anchor|Suddha Dhanyasi}}Udayaravichandrika and the raga Suddha Dhanyasi are closely related,{{cite journal|url=https://musicacademymadras.in/musicacademylibrary/admin/Music_Academy_Lib_DigLib/idocs/Vol.5_1934.pdf|format=PDF|journal=The Journal of the Music Academy|date=1934|volume=V|title=Udayaravichandrika|access-date=22 July 2022}} so much that many performers treat the two as interchangeable. Some contemporary practitioners consider Suddha Dhanyasi as more inflected (i.e., using more gamakas), and Udayaravichandrika to be more in the Hindustani tradition with almost bare (i.e., uninflected) notes. Puritans, however, refer to the fact that Udayaravichandrika is an ancient raga in the Venkatamakhin tradition and was reputed to be created by Muthuswamy Dikshitar himself. However, at that time, it had kakali nishadam rather than the kaisiki nishadam of Suddha Dhanyasi.
However, the Kaisaki nishadam is used in this topic making more towards Sudha Dhanyasi. The Udaya Ravichandrika, in its pure
form should have the following arohana and avarohana:
arohanam = {{svaraC|S|G2|M1|P|N3|S'}}
avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N3|P|M1|G2|S}}
In recent years this distinction seems to have blurred, and both ragas are considered roughly equivalent.
Popular compositions
Here are some popular kritis composed in Suddha Dhanyasi raga.
- Enta nerchina by Thyagaraja
- subrahmaṇyena rakṣito'haṃ and śrī pārthasārathinā by Muthuswami Dikshitar
- Himagiri tanaye by Muthiah Bhagavatar
- Samodam Chinthayami by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal
- Bhavamu lona, Vinaro Bhagyamu by Annamacharya
- Narayana Ninna Namada, Chandava Nodire Gokula by Purandara Dasa
- O Santasada Seleye By Bannanje Govindacharya
- Ishtu dina By Kanaka Dasa
- śrī hari-vallabhē by Mysore Vasudevachar
- śarvaṃ samāśraye'haṃ by Tulasivanam (pen-name of Ramachandran Nair from Kerala, India)
- khēlati piṇḍāṇḍē bhagavān by Sadasiva Brahmendra
- kālātītāya khaṭvāṅginē namastē by Muthiah Bhagavatar
- bhēruṇḍāmbē bēḍuvē by Muthiah Bhagavatar
- āyar pāḍi kaṇṇā by Padma Viraraghavan
- pālaya māṃ siddhi vināyaka by Mysore Sadashiva Rao
- Niradhmukha Ninne Charanam by G N Balasubramaniam
Film songs
= Language: [[Tamil language|Tamil]] =
class="wikitable"
!style="background:#D2691E" |Song !style="background:#D2691E" |Movie !style="background:#D2691E" |Year !style="background:#D2691E" |Composer !style="background:#D2691E" |Singer |
Anandamaana Naadham
|1952 |rowspan=2|G. Ramanathan |
Vaa Vaa Valarmathiye
|1957 |
Aairathil Oruthiyamma
|1964 |rowspan=4|K. V. Mahadevan |rowspan=2|T. M. Soundararajan |
Mella Mella
|1962 |
Thookanna Kuruvi Kodu
|1963 |rowspan=4|P. Susheela |
Navaraathiri Subha Raathiri
|1964 |
Nalama Nalama
|Ival Oru Pournami |1986 |
Kangal Engey
|rowspan=2|1964 | rowspan=5 |Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy |
Thottal Poo Malarum |
Neeye Unaku Endrum (Mama Maple)
|rowspan=3|1962 |T. M. Soundararajan, M. Raju |
Paal Vannam Paruvam |
Nallavan Enaku Naane |
Thirupparang Kundrathil
|1967 |
Unnidathil Ennai Koduthen
|1971 | rowspan="3" |M. S. Viswanathan |
Iyarkai Ennum
|1969 |
Nama Ooru Singari
|rowspan=4|1979 |rowspan=2|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
Vaa Ponmayile
|rowspan="31"|Ilaiyaraaja |
Nadhiyoram |
Aayiram Malargalae |
Mancholai Kilithano
(2nd Charanam Starts in Ragam Kharaharapriya) |rowspan="2"|Kizhakke Pogum Rail |rowspan="2"|1978 |
Poovarasampoo |
Siru Ponmani
|1980 |
Pudhiya Poovithu Poothathu
|1985 |
Vizhiyil Vizhundu
|1981 |Ilaiyaraaja, B.S Sasirekha |
Ragavane Ramana
|1983 |
Kalakalakum Maniosai
|1991 |
Varaathu Vantha
|rowspan=3|1990 |
Maalayil Yaro Manathodu |
Thendral Thaan |
Ila Nenje Vaa
|1992 |
Punjai Undu
|rowspan=2|1988 |
Katti Vechukko Enthan Anbu Manasu |
Kadhal Vaanile
|1995 |S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Preethi Uttamsingh |
Sempoove Poove
(has Abheri traces also) |1996 |
Paramal Paartha Nenjam
|1988 |rowspan=2|Mano, K. S. Chithra |
Kalathanamaha
|rowspan=2|1993 |
Kathal Nilavey Poove |
Maasi Maasam
|1991 |
Kalayil Kethattu
|1992 |
Aasai Machaan Vangithantha
|1999 |
Enna Solli Paduvatho
|2002 |
Kaattumalli
|2023 |Ilaiyaraaja,Ananya Bhat |
Poththi Vachcha
|1983 |rowspan="6"|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
Hey Unnai Thaane Nee Endha
|rowspan=2|Kadhal Parisu |rowspan=2|1987 |
Koo Koo Endru Kuyil |
Poo Poo Poo
|1991 |
Adi Netriravu
|1992 |
Pongiyathe Kadhal Vellam
|1986 |rowspan="2"|Devendran |
Mandhiram Sonnen
|1987 |
En Kannukkoru Nilavaa
|1989 |S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,S. Janaki&Chorus |
Aruvi Kooda Jathi Illamal
|Gowri Manohari | |M. M. A. Iniyavan |
Thanthana Thaimasam
|rowspan="2"|2001 |rowspan="6"|Vidyasagar |
Vaadi Vaadi Naattu Katta |
Kanakandenadi
|2003 |rowspan=2|Madhu Balakrishnan |
Aazhakkadalu
| Thendral |2004 |
Thirumana Malargal
|2001 |
Minsaram En Meethu
|Run |2002 |Harish Raghavendra, Sadhana Sargam, Jack Smelly |
Thootal Poo Malarum
|rowspan=2|New |rowspan=2|2004 |rowspan="8"|A. R. Rahman |
Kalayil Thinamum
|P. Unnikrishnan, Sadhana Sargam |
Eechi Elemichhi
|1999 |Manoj, Arundhathi, Raqeeb Alam (Iranian Santoor), Parthasarathy (Veena), Navin (Flute) |
Ale Ale
|Boys |2003 |
Maaza Maaza
|2006 |
Aila Aila
|I |2015 |Aditya Rao, Natalie Di Luccio |
Bhavamu Lona BGM
(taken from MS Subbulakshmi's Annamayya Krithi) |2015 |
Maatharey
|2019 |Chinmayi, Madhura Dhara Talluri, Sireesha, Akshara, Vithusayni |
Azhaga Kallazhaga
|1999 |Deva |
Ooh Vandhadhu
|1998 |rowspan="4"|S. A. Rajkumar |
Ponman Kuyil
|1988 |
Thodu Thodu Enavae Vanavil
(Reused from "Kila Kila Navve") |1999 |
Thiyagarajarin Deiva (copy of Entha Nerchina)
|2000 |P. Unnikrishnan, Nithyasree Mahadevan, S. A. Rajkumar, Febi Mani |
Azhagiya Karthigai
|1996 |
Un Perai Sonnale
|2001 |
Yaar Indha Devathai
|2002 |
Kannukkul Yetho
|2006 |Vijay Yesudas, Rita |
Aasai Oviyam
|2009 |Bharadwaj, Subiksha |
Heartile Battery (All is Well)
|2012 |Rowspan=2|Harris Jayaraj |
Roja Kadale
|2015 |
Para Para Pattaampoochi
|2007 |rowspan=4|Yuvan Shankar Raja |
Vaanam Thoovum Poo Mazhaiye
|2003 |Harish Raghavendra, Kovai Ranjani |
Kaatrukulle
|2009 |rowspan=2|Yuvan Shankar Raja |
Sudasuda Thooral
|2013 |
Masaamaa 6 Masaamaa
|rowspan=2|2011 |
Mazhaiyudhir Kaalam |
Veyyon Silli
|2020 |Harish Sivaramakrishnan |
Kangal Edho
|2023 |Pradeep Kumar, Karthika Vaidyanathan |
= Non Film / Album =
class="wikitable"
! Song ! Language ! Album ! Composer ! Lyricist ! Singer ! Audio Label / Licence to |
Neene Parama Pavani
| rowspan='2"|Kannada | Neene Parama Pavani | Mahesh Mahadev | Mahipathi Dasa | PM Audios |
Baarisu Kannada Dindimava
| Baarisu Kannada Dindimava | MRT Music |
Thunbam Illadha Nilaye Shakti
(Also has traces of Jog | Tamil | Triveni - Durga, Lakshmi, Saraswati | Sounds of Isha | Mahakavi Bharatiyar | Sounds of Isha |
The Flute Song
| N/A | O, Meri Munni | N/A | Remo Fernandes (flute performance) | Sony Music |
= Language: [[Malayalam]] =
class="wikitable"
!style="background:#D2691E" |Song !style="background:#D2691E" |Movie !style="background:#D2691E" |Year !style="background:#D2691E" |Composer !style="background:#D2691E" |Singer |
Souparnikamrutha Veechikal
|1991 |
Swara Raga Ganga Pravahame
(has Abheri traces also) |1992 |rowspan=2|Bombay Ravi |rowspan=2|KJ Yesudas |
Ennodothunarunna Pularikale
(Has Abheri traces in places) |1994 |
Devadoothar padi
|1985 |KJ Yesudas and many more |
Melle melle
|Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam |1987 | Johnson |
Dum dum dum
|1988 |
Shyamameghame ne
|1989 |
Mandharachepundo
|1989 | Johnson |
Entinu veroru sooryodhayam
|1995 |
Chempoove poove
(has Abheri traces also) |1996 |
Aarum
(Also has Abhogi traces) |2002 |
Manikinavin kothumbuvallam
|2010 |
Namosthuthe
|2012 |
= Language: [[Kannada]] =
class="wikitable"
! style="background:#D2691E" |Song ! style="background:#D2691E" |Movie ! style="background:#D2691E" |Year ! style="background:#D2691E" |Composer ! style="background:#D2691E" |Singer |
Nanna Aase Hannagi
|1982 |S.P. Balasubramanyam, S. Janaki |
Baare Baare Andada Chaluvina Taare
|Naagara Haavu | | |
= Language: [[Telugu language|Telugu]] =
class="wikitable"
!style="background:#D2691E" |Song !style="background:#D2691E" |Movie !style="background:#D2691E" |Year !style="background:#D2691E" |Composer !style="background:#D2691E" |Singer |
Sadi Seyako Gaali
|1960 |Master Venu |
Subha Lekha raasukunna Edalo epudo
|1990 |rowspan="4"|Ilayaraja |rowspan="3"|S P Balasubramaniam & K S Chitra |
Kotta Kottaga Unnadi
|1991 |
Enno Ratrulosthayi Gaani
(Reused from "Maasi Maasam") |1992 |
Jagadananda Karaka (film version)
|2011 |
Swara Raga Ganga Pravahame
(Reused from original Malayalam version) |1993 |
Vinaro Bhagyamu Vishnu Katha (only first line)
|1997 |
Kila Kila Navve
|1998 |rowspan=2|S P Balasubramaniam & K S Chitra |
Kunkuma Poola (can be heard from Hindolam scale as well)
|Devi |1999 |
Pranavalaya
|2021 |
= Language: [[Hindi]] =
Note that the following songs are tuned in Raag Dhani, the Hindustani equivalent of Shuddha Dhanyasi
class="wikitable"
!style="background:#FFDB99" |Song !style="background:#DEF2FA" |Movie !style="background:#1A1AFF" |Year !style="background:#FFEF99" |Composer !style="background:#B2B300" |Singer |
Prabhu Tero Nam Jo Dhyae Phal Paye
|1961 |
Kabhi Tanhaiyon me Yun
|1961 |
Badan Pe Sitare Lapete Hue
|1969 |
Gori Tera Gaon Bada Pyara
|1976 |
Related rāgams
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
= ''Graha bhedam'' =
Udayaravichandrika's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields four other major pentatonic rāgams, namely, Mohanam, Hindolam, Madhyamavathi and Shuddha Saveri. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. See Graha bhedam on Mohanam for more details and illustration of this concept.
= Scale similarities =
- Dhanyāsi is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi) and descending scale of Hanumatodi. Its {{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}} structure is {{svaraC|S|G2|M1|P|N2|S'}}: {{svaraC|S'|N2|D1|P|M1|G2|R1|S}}
- Abheri is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of Udayaravichandrika and descending scale of Kharaharapriya. Its {{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}} structure is {{svaraC|S|G2|M1|P|N2|S'}}: {{svaraC|S'|N2|D2|P|M1|G2|R2|S}}
Notes
{{notelist|30em}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya}}