Umbilicaria hyperborea
{{Short description|Species of lichen}}
{{Species box
| image = Umbilicaria hyperborea 45083.jpg
| image_caption = on Blackcomb Peak, Whistler, British Columbia
| taxon = Umbilicaria hyperborea
| authority = (Ach.) Hoffm. (1796)
| synonyms = *Lichen hyperboreus {{small|Ach. (1794)}}
}}
Umbilicaria hyperborea, commonly known as blistered rock tripe, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It is widely distributed in arctic and alpine regions.
Taxonomy
It was first described as a new species by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius in 1794 as Lichen hyperboreus. Georg Franz Hoffmann transferred it to the genus Umbilicaria in 1796.
In a 2017 molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Umbilicaria, U. hyperborea was proposed as the type species of the subgenus Umbilicaria. Closely related species include U. polyphylla, U. iberica, and U. arctica.
Description
Habitat and distribution
The lichen typically grows on rock in arctic and alpine climates. It has, however, been recorded growing on acidic wood; specimens found in this substrate may have an altered morphology compared to those found on rock, such as stunted and faded thalli lacking apothecia. It is one of the most common Umbilicaria species in Arctic and adjacent Northern locations. Umbilicaria hyperborea has a very slow growth rate; in a study undertaken in Greenland, it was measured as 0.3–0.4 mm per year over the time period 1933–1970.
References
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=
{{cite web |title=Synonymy: Umbilicaria hyperborea (Ach.) Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl., Zweiter Theil (Erlangen): 110 (1796) [1795] |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=408119 |publisher=Species Fungorum |access-date=21 March 2021}}
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Category:Lichens of Subarctic America
Category:Lichens described in 1794