Umbrella for Democratic Change
{{Short description|Alliance of political parties in Botswana}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Umbrella for Democratic Change
| logo = Umbrella for Democratic Change logo.svg
| colorcode = {{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}
| abbreviation = UDC
| leader1_title = President
| leader1_name = Duma Boko
| leader2_name = Ndaba Gaolathe
| leader2_title = Vice-president
| founder = Duma Boko
| slogan = Decent Jobs
Decent Lives
| founded = November 2012
| headquarters = Gaborone
| ideology = {{Nowrap|Social democracy{{Cite web |last=Gaofise |first=Lorato |date=16 July 2019 |title=UDC VOWS TO REDIRECT COUNTRY WEALTH |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/50410 |access-date=24 March 2023 |website=DailyNews}}{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=Political analysts dismiss UDC? |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/political-analysts-dismiss-udc/ |access-date=24 March 2023 |website=The Botswana Gazette}}{{Cite web |last=Gabathuse |first=Ryder |date=19 February 2021 |title=Will the UDC ever take over government? |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/features/will-the-udc-ever-take-over-government/news |access-date=24 March 2023 |website=Mmegi}}{{Cite web |date=2013-09-27 |title=Privatising Gaborone bus rank bitterly divides BNF and BMD |url=https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/privatising-gaborone-bus-rank-bitterly-divides-bnf-and-bmd |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Guardian Sun |language=en}}
Left-wing populism{{Cite news |last=Ntshingane |first=Bakang |date=16 August 2019 |title=Is populism surging into Botswana politics? |work=Mmegi |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/195496 |access-date=2 May 2023}}
Factions:
Christian left
Social liberalism
Democratic socialism
Pan-Africanism}}
| position = Centre-left to left-wing
| affiliation1_title = African affiliation
| colours = {{colour box|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}}} Navy blue
{{colour box|#e97810}} Orange (in 2014)
| blank1_title = Coalition Partners
| seats1_title = National Assembly
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|36|61|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}}}
| seats3_title = Pan-African Parliament
| seats3 = {{Composition bar|0|5|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}}}
| country = Botswana
}}
The Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) is a centre-left{{Cite web |title=Botswana |url=https://africaelects.com/botswana/ |access-date=24 March 2023 |website=Africa Elects}}{{Cite web |last=Gabathuse |first=Ryder |date=2020-10-30 |title=A frustrating moment for the royal blue movement |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/a-frustrating-moment-for-the-royal-blue-movement/news |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2013-09-27 |title=Privatising Gaborone bus rank bitterly divides BNF and BMD |url=https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/privatising-gaborone-bus-rank-bitterly-divides-bnf-and-bmd |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Guardian Sun |language=en}} to left-wing{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/botswanas-2019-election-a-baptism-of-fire-for-democracy/a-50914078|date=2019-10-21|title=Botswana election: A baptism of fire for democracy|website=DW}} alliance of political parties in Botswana. Since the 2024 Botswana general election, the UDC has been the governing alliance of political parties. {{cite web |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2014-10-23-were-on-the-governments-hit-list-botswana-opposition-leader |title=We're on the government's hit list – Botswana opposition leader |last1=Mawarire |first1=Teldah |date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Mail and Guardian |access-date=28 October 2014}}
The UDC has campaigned on a progressive platform, advocating for a welfare state, wealth redistribution, renewable energy and democratic reforms, particularly in the electoral and judicial spheres.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-01 |title=Duma Boko, el abogado de derechos humanos convertido en el nuevo presidente de Botsuana |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2024/11/01/duma-boko-el-abogado-de-derechos-humanos-convertido-en-el-nuevo-presidente-de-botsuana/ |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=infobae |language=es-ES}}{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-10-25 |title=Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) Manifesto Highlights |url=https://www.thegazette.news/features/umbrella-for-democratic-change-udc-manifesto-highlights/ |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}} Since it was created as a political coalition with the primary aim of representing an alternative to the Botswana Democratic Party government, it has remained an ideologically pluralistic formation, though most of its member parties (both past and present) are positioned on the left-wing or centre-left of the political spectrum and is generally considered a social democratic alliance. Some analysts have labeled the alliance and its discourse as "left-wing populism" or "democratic socialist." UDC members, including UDC Leader Duma Boko himself, have expressed opposition to both capitalism and socialism, advocating instead for a "Third Way."{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=tZnFyLkBFD0bcLRa&v=CrHL0-k76yM&feature=youtu.be |title=Duma Boko's Political Ideology |date=2016-02-08 |last=Mmegi Online |access-date=2024-11-02 |via=YouTube}}
Since its founding, the UDC's core voter base has varied in composition with shifts in the voting behavior of anti-BDP voters. However, the coalition has generally maintained strong support among the urban population—especially in the Gaborone metropolitan area—as well as among youth and the educated middle class.{{Cite news |last=Chutel |first=Lynsey |date=25 October 2024 |title=Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html |work=The New York Times}} In the 2019 election, through its alliance with Ian Khama, heir to the BaNgwato throne, the UDC gained substantial support from voters in the Central District, a stronghold of the tribe. Much of this support was retained in the 2024 election.
History
The UDC was founded in November 2012 by members from various opposition parties, including the BPP and BMD. They rallied together in the run-up to the 2014 elections by the Botswana National Front (BNF), the Botswana Movement for Democracy and the Botswana People's Party with the aim of uniting the opposition in the 2014 elections. In February 2017, the Botswana Congress Party, which contested the 2014 elections independently, joined the coalition. The coalition is currently led by Duma Boko from the BNF and plans to contest the 2019 general election jointly, standing a single opposition candidate in each constituency against the ruling Botswana Democratic Party.[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-politics-idUSKBN15I2JN "Botswana opposition groups unite to challenge ruling BDP"], Reuters, 3 February 2017.
The organisation of the opposition parties presented an unprecedented challenge to the longtime-ruling BDP, but the BDP was victorious in elections held on 24 October 2014. Their vote share, which garnered 37 seats, allowed them to maintain a majority in the National Assembly, although it won fewer seats than it had in previous elections.{{Cite web|title=Elections Botswana|url=http://www.electionsbotswana.org/|website=Elections Botswana|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}
The UDC won 17 seats and the Botswana Congress Party won three seats. Ian Khama was easily reelected by the legislative body to another term as president.{{citation needed|date= October 2017}}
In October 2018, the BMD was expelled from the coalition after it refused to forgo contesting constituencies that had originally been allocated to it.[http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-news-details.php?nid=5758 UDC kicks out BMD, at last…] Weekend Post, 29 October 2018[http://apanews.net/en/news/-23 Botswana: Lowest levels of registration undermine elections] APA News, 14 January 2019
After the 2019 Botswana general election, Duma Boko charged there were "massive electoral discrepancies" and said he wanted to challenge the election in court. Official results show the BDP winning 38 of 57 constituencies.{{cite web|website=IOL|date=Nov 1, 2019|title=Botswana opposition leader questions election results, wants to challenge them court|author=MTHOKOZISI DUBE|url=https://www.iol.co.za/the-star/news/botswana-opposition-leader-questions-election-results-wants-to-challenge-them-court-36432492}}
At the 2024 election, held on 30 October 2024, the UDC emerged as the majority party.{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c238n5zr51yo | title=Botswana election: BDP party loses power after nearly six decades to Duma Boko's UDC }}
Members
class="wikitable" | ||
colspan="2" |Party
!Abbr. | Ideology | Seats in the National Assembly |
---|---|---|
bgcolor="#FFBF00" |
|BNF | Social democracy Christian left | {{Composition bar|23|61|hex=#FFBF00}} | |
bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance for Progressives}}" |
|AP | Social liberalism
| {{Composition bar|6|61|hex={{party color|Alliance for Progressives}}}} | |
bgcolor="{{party color|Botswana People's Party}}" |
|BPP | Democratic socialism Pan-Africanism | {{Composition bar|3|61|hex={{party color|Botswana People's Party}}}} | |
bgcolor="{{party color|Independents}}" |
|Ind. | N/A
| {{Composition bar|4|61|hex={{party color|Independent politician}}}} |
Election results
= National Assembly elections =
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Election !Party leader !Votes !% !Seats !+/– !Position !Result |
2014
| rowspan="3" | Duma Boko | 207,113 | 30.01% | {{Composition bar|17|57|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change (2014)}}}} | {{increase}} 11 | {{steady}} 2nd | {{no2|Opposition}} |
---|
2019
| 277,071 | 35.88% | {{Composition bar|15|57|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}}} | {{decrease}} 3{{efn|During the 2014–19 parliamentary term, the Botswana Movement for Democracy (2 seats) left the UDC, whilst the Botswana Congress Party (3 seats) joined the UDC, resulting in the UDC holding 18 seats)}} | {{steady}} 2nd | {{no2|Opposition}} |
2024
| 310,862 | 37.22% | {{Composition bar|36|61|{{party color|Umbrella for Democratic Change}}}} | {{increase}} 28 | {{increase}} 1st | {{yes2|Government}} |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Notelist}}
{{Botswana political parties}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Political party alliances in Botswana
Category:Political parties established in 2012
Category:2012 establishments in Botswana