Umut Bridge

{{short description|Border crossing bridge between Iğdır, Turkey and Nakhcivan, Azerbaijan}}

{{Unreliable sources|date=January 2021}}

{{Infobox bridge

|name = Umut Bridge

|native_name = Umut Köprüsü
Ümid Körpüsü

|image =

|image_size =

|caption =

|official_name = {{langx|tr|Umut Köprüsü}}
{{langx|az|Ümid Körpüsü}}

|carries = 2 lanes of x15px D.080 and x15px M-7

|crosses = Aras river

|locale = Dilucu, Iğdır, Turkey and Sederek, Nakhchivan

|maint = General Directorate of Highways

|id =

|designer =

|design =

|material =

|spans =

|pierswater =

|mainspan =

|length = {{convert|286|m|abbr=on}}

|width =

|height =

|load =

|clearance_below =

|traffic =2,560{{cite book |date=12 May 2013 |title=SINIR TİCARETİ VE SINIR KAPILARI: Sosyo-Ekonomik Bir Analiz Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri |url=http://www.serka.gov.tr/store/file/common/87e4158ddb3771a0e02243ade743058c.pdf |language=tr |isbn=978-605-63661-0-9}}

|begin = 1991

|complete =

|open = 22 May 1992

|heritage =

|collapsed =

|preceded = Boraltan Bridge

|followed =

|closed =

|toll =

|coordinates = {{coord|39|39|19|N|44|48|12|E|region:TR-76|display=inline,title}}

}}

Umut Bridge ({{langx|tr|Umut Köprüsü}}, {{langx|az|Ümid Körpüsü}}, {{Translation|Hope Bridge}}), historically known as the Boraltan Bridge, is a {{convert|286|m||adj=mid|-long}} deck-arch bridge crossing the Aras river on the Azerbaijan–Turkey border. The current bridge was constructed between 1991 and 1992 and formally opened on 25 May 1992, along with the Dilucu customs checkpoint.

The original bridge was historically known for an incident in 1945 between the Soviet Union and Turkey, known as the Boraltan Bridge massacre ({{langx|tr|Boraltan Köprüsü faciası}}). The incident saw the return of 195 Soviet soldiers, convicted of fighting for Germany during World War II, back into the Soviet Union by the Turkish government. However, it was because of escaping Stalinist persecution that 146 Azerbaijanis had sought refuge at the Boraltan border posts located in Turkey in 1944.{{Cite web|last=sabah|first=daily|date=2015-04-23|title=CHP's latest election promise of sending back Syrian refugees in Turkey comes under criticism|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/2015/04/23/chps-latest-election-promise-of-sending-back-syrian-refugees-in-turkey-comes-under-criticism|access-date=2021-07-24|website=Daily Sabah|language=en-US}} Due to rising tensions between the USSR and Turkey, the convicted soldiers were handed over in order to prevent any further escalation of tensions. Shortly after the soldiers crossed the border, they were summarily executed under charges of treason.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ismetinonu.org.tr/boraltan-koprusu-olayi-agustos-1945/|title=Boraltan Köprüsü Olayı – Ağustos 1945 – İnönü Vakfı, İsmet İnönü, İsmet İnönü Kimdir, İsmet İnönü Hayatı, İsmet İnönü Resimleri}}

Turkey has stated its intention to construct a railway bridge at more-or-less the same location as part of a plan to link Kars to Nakhchivan via Iğdır[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbc.ru%2Fpolitics%2F12%2F11%2F2020%2F5fad07149a7947f689ccce79 Turkey announces its intention to build a railway to Azerbaijan] rbc.ru 12 Nov 2020[https://railturkey.org/2017/05/12/when-turkeys-transit-projects-be-commissioned/ Kars-Nakhchivan-Iran railway indicative route] railturkey.org (part of the case of which being that it would constitute an extension to the Baku-Tbilisi-Akhalkalaki-Kars railway in order to provide a Baku-Nakhchivan rail route that completely circumnavigates Armenia), however the expected rehabilitation of the Zangezur corridor railway (Horadiz-Ağbənd-Ordubad) following the Second Karabakh War would appear to undermine rather than support the case for this.[https://eurasianet.org/nakhchivan-rail-plans-promise-to-rewire-caucasus-connections Nakhchivan rail plans] eurasianet 31 Mar 2021South Caucasus railway map Wikimedia