Union of Construction, Allied Trades and Technicians

UCATT was formed in 1971 following the merger of the Amalgamated Union of Building Trade Workers (AUBTW), the Association of Building Technicians and the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers and Decorators, which had itself been founded the previous year from a merger of the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers (ASW) and the Amalgamated Society of Painters and Decorators (ASPD).

The merged union was initially known as the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers, Painters and Builders, but changed its name later in the year. Its first general secretary was Sir George Smith, formerly general secretary of the ASW, who was directly elected by the membership. Its Executive at the time incorporated paid officials who had been selected by an electoral process within the industry.

In 1972, shortly after its formation, UCATT along with the GMWU and TGWU, two sister unions involved in construction and civil engineering, was involved in a major national joint industrial dispute. For the first time in the building industry, workers all over the country went on strike, demanding a minimum wage of £30 a week and abolition of the 'Lump Labour Scheme', which institutionalised casual cash-paid daily labour without employment rights. The 12-week stoppage affected many major sites, effectively forcing employers to negotiate. The Building Workers' Charter was actively involved in organising the strike.McGuire, C., Clarke, L., and Wall, C. (2013) 'Battle on the Barbican: The Struggle for Trade Unionism in the British Building Industry, 1965–7', History Workshop Journal, No. 73.

Unionised workers used flying pickets to seek support from workers on the lump. On 6 September 1972, UCATT and TGWU bussed members from North Wales and Chester to picket building sites in Shrewsbury. Despite confrontations with site management, the police made no arrests on the day.

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| video1 = [http://www.rmtv.org.uk/video/video63/index.html Whose Conspiracy? Justice for the Shrewsbury pickets (2009)]. A 35-minute film re-examining the political events surrounding the arrest and imprisonment of the Shrewsbury building workers, containing material from the original campaign to free Des Warren and Ricky Tomlinson.

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Five months after the strike, at a time when some of the strikers' aims had been largely settled, several building workers were investigated for alleged sabotage and vandalism during the dispute. Some were subject to high-profile police investigation, under pressure from major contractors and politicians anxious to suppress the emergence of organised labour in the building industry, and 24 building workers were convicted at Shrewsbury Crown Court and six jailed as a result of their picketing activities. The longest sentences were given by judge Hugh Mais to Ricky Tomlinson, a plasterer and TGWU strike leader, and Des Warren, a steel fixer and leading lay official of UCATT, who became known as the "Shrewsbury Two".{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/apr/03/union-pickets-seek-quash-convictions|title=Union pickets seek to quash 40-year-old convictions|date=3 April 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=19 March 2023}}

The 'Shrewsbury Two' refused to testify against fellow strikers at Shrewsbury Crown Court. Charges of affray were dropped, but they were found guilty of "conspiracy to intimidate" under the Conspiracy Act 1875, which had not been used for 98 years. Warren was sentenced to three years in prison, and Tomlinson to two.{{cite news|title=Ricky Tomlinson's Great Night Out|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/ricky-tomlinsons-great-night-out-i-sit-in-front-of-the-tv-all-the-time-shouting-8443219.html|access-date=24 January 2013|work=The Independent|location=London|date=9 January 2013|first=James|last=Rampton}}{{cite news |author-link=Ricky Tomlinson|first=Ricky|last=Tomlinson |title=Why can't we know the truth about a strike that happened 40 years ago? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/jan/22/truth-about-shrewsbury-24-strike |work=The Guardian|location=London |date=22 January 2013|access-date=15 July 2013}}{{cite news |title='Shrewsbury Two' Denis' death renews pardon call |url=http://iccheshireonline.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_objectid=14197083&method=full&siteid=50020&headline=-shrewsbury-two--denis--death-renews-pardon-call-name_page.html |access-date=24 January 2013 |work=icCheshireOnline |date=30 April 2004 |first=Marc |last=Baker|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130420214534/http://iccheshireonline.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_objectid=14197083&method=full&siteid=50020&headline=-shrewsbury-two--denis--death-renews-pardon-call-name_page.html|archive-date= 20 April 2013 }}

Des Warren subsequently developed serious health problems, which Tomlinson attributes to the medication he took whilst in solitary confinement.

Tomlinson took the case to the TUC Annual Congress in 1975, with little result.

In 2004, Des Warren died, without the pardon that his family had campaigned for.

In 2012 Tomlinson and others sought to have the convictions overturned by the Criminal Cases Review Commission.{{cite news |title=Union pickets seek to quash 40-year-old convictions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/apr/03/union-pickets-seek-quash-convictions |access-date=24 January 2013 |work=The Guardian|location=London |date=3 April 2012 |first=Duncan |last=Campbell}} In 2013 a paper petition was launched, alongside the existing e-petition, for an Early Day Motion by MP John McDonnell to be brought.{{cite web |url=http://www.shrewsbury24campaign.org.uk/ |title=The Official Shrewsbury 24 Campaign |website = shrewsbury24campaign.org.uk |access-date=15 July 2013}}{{Better source needed|date=September 2019}}

In May 2020, the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred a number of convictions relating to the Shrewsbury dispute, including that of Ricky Tomlinson, to the Court of Appeal.{{Cite web

|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2020/may/26/ricky-tomlinsons-criminal-convictions-to-be-re-examined|title=Ricky Tomlinson's criminal convictions to be re-examined|date=26 May 2020|author=Rob Evans|work=The Guardian|access-date=26 May 2020}} In March 2021, the Court of Appeal overturned the convictions of Tomlinson, Warren and the other members of the 'Shrewsbury 24' who had been convicted in relation to the 1972 industrial action.{{Cite web

|url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/uknews/court-of-appeal-overturns-members-of-the-shrewsbury-24-s-convictions/ar-BB1eRYVv|title=Court of Appeal overturns members of the Shrewsbury 24's convictions

|date=23 March 2021|work=PA|access-date=23 March 2021}}

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, UCATT suffered a long debilitating decline, with successive attacks from a hostile Conservative government. The union faced mounting financial deficits from falling membership rolls, having been reliant upon cash contributions from members collected on site in the age of increasing technology. This decline also coincided with strong rumours of a merger with other unions, notably the TGWU, and gains being made by GMB. During this period, a strong Joint Sites Committee movement of rank and file UCATT, TGWU, GMB and AEEUW members characterised the construction unions' work on sites in major cities, many of whom had remained crowded, unsafe, and casualised places in need of true reform.

In 1990, Albert Williams convinced the union to for the first time unionise self-employed labourers (the "lump"), but his unpopular proposal to merge the union into the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union led to his suspension by the union's executive, and he retired in 1992.Jim Jump, "[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/albert-williams-quick-witted-trade-union-leader-764555.html Albert Williams: Quick-witted trade union leader]", The Independent, 12 December 2007. UCATT, however, began a revival under the leadership of George Brumwell, its new general secretary. He led a turnaround in the union's fortunes by 2001, following cost-containing measures including strategic redundancies and closure of several local offices. This programme all but eliminated the deficits, and built a smaller, but more readily sustainable UCATT.

The union ran a 'Safety Culture' campaign across the industry, promoting construction and regeneration, which became part of the strategy of the New Labour government following its election victory in 1997.

File:Brian Rye, 2016 Labour Party Conference.jpg]]

In 2006, UCATT, T&G and GMB, the successors to the joint unions of 1972 ran a seven-day strike on the construction of Heathrow Terminal 5 in pursuit of £1.00 on bonus, and back pay. The employer was Laing O'Rourke the successor to John Laing Ltd, one of the big employers of 1972. After the dispute was resolved the strikers received 80% of their original aims and substantial back pay.{{citation needed|date=May 2011}}

UCATT represented the views of site workers on the government/industry body, the Strategic Forum for Construction, from 2001 to 2015.

Membership continued to dwindle; in December 2012, it had 84,377 workers in construction and allied trades.{{Cite web|title=Return of members|date=December 2012|url=http://www.certoffice.org/CertificationOfficer/media/DocumentLibrary/PDF/378T_2012.pdf|work=Certification Officer|access-date=18 July 2013}}

In May 2016, UCATT's conference voted to seek a merger with Unite the Union, though this would only proceed if approved by a vote of all members."[https://www.ucatt.org.uk/ucatt-conference-votes-merger-or-transfer-unite-union UCATT Conference Votes for merger or transfer to Unite the Union]", UCATT, 18 May 2016. The decision followed a decline in UK membership (from almost 112,000 in 1999 to 54,644 at the end of 2014, plus a further 6,585 in the Republic of Ireland), and mounting financial troubles (it incurred a net deficit of over £3.5 million in 2014 and at year-end had net current liabilities of more than £1 million, leading to "significant doubt about the union’s ability to continue as a going concern").{{cite news|title=Ucatt to merge with Unite|url=http://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/ucatt-to-merge-with-unite|access-date=19 May 2016|work=The Construction Index|date=19 May 2016}} The merger, approved by 85.5% of members in November 2016{{cite web|title=Ucatt merger with Unite confirmed|url=http://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/ucatt-merger-with-unite-confirmed|website=Construction Enquirer|access-date=7 November 2016}} and taking effect from 1 January 2017,{{cite news|last1=Morby|first1=Aaron|title=Construction unions agree merger and target 'bad bosses'|url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2016/11/02/construction-unions-agree-merger-and-attack-on-bad-contractors/|access-date=3 November 2016|work=Construction Enquirer|date=2 November 2016}} spelt the end of a separate or independent construction union but was expected to force employers to negotiate with a larger and more powerful union.{{cite news|last1=Prior|first1=Grant|title=End of UCATT as an independent construction union|url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2016/05/18/end-of-ucatt-as-an-independent-construction-union/|access-date=19 May 2016|work=Construction Enquirer|date=18 May 2016}} UCATT's members in the Republic of Ireland voted to instead transfer to the Technical Engineering and Electrical Union.{{cite news|title=UCATT Republic of Ireland members opt for transfer|url=https://www.ucatt.org.uk/ucatt-republic-ireland-members-opt-transfer|access-date=27 June 2016|publisher=Union of Construction, Allied Trades and Technicians|date=27 June 2016}}

The union sponsored Labour Party candidates in several Parliamentary elections.

Following a rule-change in 1995, UCATT had a lay Executive Council to which an elected general secretary reported. Following Brumwell, Alan Ritchie, formerly the Scottish regional secretary, was elected, but was forced to stand down in March 2011 over voting irregularities, with George Guy appointed acting general secretary until the election was re-run in October 2011. Steven Murphy was subsequently elected and took office in 2012.

:1971: George Smith

:1978: Les Wood

:1985: Albert Williams

:1992: George Brumwell

:2004: Alan Ritchie

:2012: George Guy (acting)

:2012: Steve Murphy

:2015: Brian Rye (acting)

:1971: Les Wood

:1978: Jimmy Hardman

Flynn. Laurie (1975), The Shrewsbury Two, in Calgagus 1, Winter 1975, pp. 39 – 41, {{issn|0307-2029}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070205031711/http://www.unionancestors.co.uk/Images/UCATTFamTree.pdf UCATT family tree]

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.shrewsbury24campaign.org.uk/history/building-trade-in-1972/ The background to the National Builder's Strike 1972 and the trials of the 'Shrewsbury 24' ]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706084041/http://www.catalystmedia.org.uk/issues/nerve10/building_up.php Interview with a UCATT member in Liverpool's 'Nerve' magazine]
• [http://www.ucatt.org.uk/ UCATT website]
• [https://mrc.epexio.com/records/CAT Catalogue of the UCATT archives], held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick

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Category:Defunct trade unions of the United Kingdom

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