United Party of the Socialist Revolution of Cuba
{{Short description|Communist party active in Cuba from 1962 to 1965}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = United Party of the Socialist Revolution of Cuba
| logo = 300px
| logo_alt =
| colorcode = red
| leader =
| president =
| chairperson =
| secretary =
| general_secretary =
| first_secretary = Fidel Castro
| presidium =
| governing_body = Politburo
| standing_committee =
| spokesperson =
| founder =
| founded = 26 March 1962
| dissolved = 3 October 1965
| headquarters =
| ideology = Communism
Revolutionary socialism
Marxism–Leninism
| merged = Communist Party of Cuba
| international =
| website =
| country = Cuba
}}
The United Party of the Socialist Revolution of Cuba (Spanish: Partido Unido de la Revolución Socialista de Cuba: PURSC) was the sole political party of Cuba created on March 26, 1962.https://web.archive.org/web/20150924065745/http://www.pcc.cu/i_historia.php The precursor to the Communist Party of Cuba, the party was a reorganization of the {{ill|Integrated Revolutionary Organizations|es|Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas|preserve=yes}} (ORI), which itself was the culmination of consolidation efforts of Cuba's various revolutionary forces-26th of July Movement, the Popular Socialist Party, and the Revolutionary Directorate 13th of March-{{Cite book |last1=Guerra |first1=Sergio |last2=Gallardo |first2=Alejo Maldonado |date=April 24, 2009 |title=Historia de la revolución cubana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NtD6PNkwRWsC&dq=%22Partido+Unido+de+la+Revoluci%C3%B3n+Socialista+de+Cuba%22&pg=PA191 |publisher=Txalaparta |isbn=978-84-8136-544-3 |via=Google Books}}{{Cite web |date=2024-04-05 |title=Communist Party of Cuba {{!}} History, Ideology & Structure {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Communist-Party-of-Cuba |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}} following the 1959 Cuban Revolution. The party then finally evolved into the PCC in October 1965 under the leadership of Fidel Castro.{{Cite web |title=The historical significance of the Communist Pa... |url=https://www.lahabana.gob.cu/post_detalles/en/13385/la-trascendencia-historica-del-partido-comunista-de-cuba |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Portal del ciudadano de La Habana |language=en}}
History
Established in 1925 with roots tracing to the Cuban Revolutionary Party, which was proclaimed 130 years ago on April 10th, 1892, José Martí, the first ever communist party in Cuba{{Cite web |date=2023-08-16 |title=Cuba commemorates founding of first Communist Party - Prensa Latina |url=https://www.plenglish.com/news/2023/08/16/cuba-commemorates-founding-of-first-communist-party/,%20https://www.plenglish.com/news/2023/08/16/cuba-commemorates-founding-of-first-communist-party/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |language=en-US}} (initially named the Cuban Communist Party) was a Marxist-Leninist political party that faced political oppression for much of its existence, initially from 1925 until 1938, then renewed repression under Batista's regime from 1952 to 1959. After the successful overthrow of Fulgencio Batista with the Cuban Revolution of 1959, the political party (which was by then known as the Popular Socialist Party since 1944) was merged with other revolutionary forces to form the ORI in 1961. Due to perceived notions of sectarianism permeating within the ORI,{{Cite web |last=Laxer |first=Michael |date=2024-04-17 |title=What is the founding date of the Communist Party of Cuba? |url=https://www.theleftchapter.com/post/what-is-the-founding-date-of-the-communist-party-of-cuba |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Mysite |language=en}} the organization experienced a mass purge of party membership with it being reorganized into the PURSC by March, 1962.{{Cite web |date=2021-04-06 |title=Conquering a dream: Roots of the Communist Party of Cuba (+ Video,) |url=https://misiones.cubaminrex.cu/en/articulo/conquering-dream-roots-communist-party-cuba-video |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=CUBADIPLOMATICA |language=en}} By 1965, the political vanguard had cemented itself across all facets of Cuba and key meetings in late September and early October of that year (from September 30 - October 1) resulted in the formation of the Political Bureau (Politburo), the Secretariat, and Work Commissions.{{Cite web |date=2016-04-14 |title=The Communist Party of Cuba (Part 3) |url=http://en.granma.cu/cuba/2016-04-14/the-communist-party-of-cuba |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=en.granma.cu |language=en}} These top party meetings also led to the consolidation of newspapers Hoy and Revolución into Granma, the official newspaper of the party. On October 2, 1965, the decision to rename the PURSC into the PCC was ratified. By October 3, 1965, the Communist Party of Cuba was formed.
Organization Structure
The PURSC was ran by a 6-person secretariat: Fidel Castro (First Secretary), Raúl Castro (Deputy Secretary), Ernesto Che Guevara, Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, Blas Roca, and Emilio Aragonés. In addition to the Secretariat was the National Directory, which comprised all of the Secretariat and 25 other members (13 from M-26-7, 10 from the PSP, and 2 from the Revolutionary Directorate).{{Cite web |date=2016-04-07 |title=Un Partido por las masas y para las masas (II) |url=https://www.granma.cu/septimo-congreso-del-pcc/2016-04-07/un-partido-por-las-masas-y-para-las-masas-ii-07-04-2016-19-04-04 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=Granma.cu |language=es}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Cuban political parties}}
Category:1962 establishments in Cuba
Category:1965 disestablishments in Cuba
Category:Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
Category:Communist parties in Cuba
Category:Communist Party of Cuba
Category:Defunct communist parties
Category:Defunct political parties in Cuba
Category:Defunct socialist parties in North America
Category:Formerly ruling communist parties
Category:Marxist–Leninist parties