University Settlement Society of New York

{{Infobox NRHP

| name = University Settlement Society of New York

| nrhp_type =

| image = WSTM Three Blind Mice 0076.JPG

| caption = University Settlement Society of New York

| alt =

| location = 184 Eldridge Street
Manhattan New York City

| coordinates = {{coord|40|43|14|N|73|59|26|W|display=inline,title}}

| locmapin = Lower Manhattan#USA

| area =

| architect = Howells & Stokes

| architecture = Classical Revival

| added = September 11, 1986

| refnum = 86002515

}}

The University Settlement Society of New York is an American organization which provides educational and social services to immigrants and low-income families,{{cite web |url=http://www.universitysettlement.org/us/about/ |title=About Us - University Settlement |access-date=29 September 2015}} located at 184 Eldridge Street (corner of Eldridge and Rivington Streets) on the Lower East Side of the Manhattan borough of New York City, New York. It provides numerous services for the mostly immigrant population of the neighborhood and has since 1886, when it was established as the first settlement house in the United States.{{clarify|date=October 2012|reason=what organizational structure? a non-profit? (if so, needs appropriate non-profit category}}

History

File:Treasure show of arts old and new LCCN98515064.jpg poster for an exhibition of art at the University Settlement (1937)]]

University Settlement was founded by Stanton Coit, Charles Bunstein Stover, and Charles Barzillai Spahr,{{cite book |last1=Ross |first1=Eva Jeany |title=Fundamental Sociology |date=1939 |publisher=Bruce Publishing Company |page=486 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1nRDAAAAIAAJ |access-date=20 April 2022 |language=en}} in 1886 as The Neighborhood Guild, in a basement on Forsyth Street.{{cite web |url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=13126 |title=Charles Stover |access-date= July 28, 2009 |publisher=New York City Department of Parks and Recreation }}

Historically, the settlement house, much like other settlement houses like Hull House (in Chicago, Illinois) and the Henry Street Settlement (also on the Lower East Side), served as a homes for hundreds of thousands of immigrants who arrived in the United States in the late-19th and early-20th century. They provided courses for new immigrants on everything from politics to the English language to basketball. The University Settlement House also included a library, kindergarten and the first public baths. These settlements were also loci of Progressive Era reform.

When founded, the resident workers at the University Settlement were all male and recent graduates of colleges. Several of these men were writers in addition to settlement house workers and used their writing as social protest and a means of reform. Residents between 1900 and 1907 included socialist writer William English Walling, a founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; Pulitzer Prize-winner Ernest Poole; Howard Brubaker, who later became a columnist for The New Yorker; writer Arthur Bullard; journalist Hamilton Holt; and author Walter Weyl, a founding editor of The New Republic. Their interest in reform led to several articles and books on the housing and employment situation of workers on the Lower East Side, particularly women and children.

One issue that captured the imagination of many of the University Settlement writers was revolution in Russia. Many of the immigrants they met on the Lower East Side were Jews from the Russian Empire who were typically severely repressed under Nicholas II of Russia. Through their interaction with these immigrants several of the residents became vocal advocates of reform in Russia. During 1905 and 1906, Poole, Walling and Bullard traveled to Russia to cover the abortive 1905 Russian Revolution. They established contacts and helped establish a connection between radical writers in the U.S. and Russian revolutionaries.

During his administration, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt described University Settlement as "a landmark in the social history of the nation."Legacy of Light, 1986.

Legacy

University Settlement continues to provide support services to residents of the Lower East Side, and now offers programs in 31 locations across Manhattan and Brooklyn. Programs serve New Yorkers of all ages and include child care, pre-school, housing assistance, mental health services, college and career preparation, crisis intervention, activities for seniors, arts events, English classes, after-school programs and summer camps.

Notable alumni and staff

Howard Brubaker{{spaced ndash}} columnist, The New Yorker

Nicholas Murray Butler{{spaced ndash}} Nobel Peace Prize recipient
Andrew Carnegie{{spaced ndash}} industrialist and businessman
George Gershwin{{spaced ndash}} musician
Ira Gershwin{{spaced ndash}} musician
Joseph Benson Gilder{{spaced ndash}} editor, The New York Times Review of Books
Samuel Halpert{{spaced ndash}} artist
Hamilton Holt{{spaced ndash}} journalist
Henry Holt{{spaced ndash}} publisher
Seth Low{{spaced ndash}} Mayor of New York City
Pauline Arnoux MacArthur{{spaced ndash}} clubwoman, suffragist, librettist
Clara Pasvolsky{{spaced ndash}} concert singer
Gifford Pinchot{{spaced ndash}} Governor of Pennsylvania
Ernest Poole{{spaced ndash}} Pulitzer Prize winner
Peter Riegert{{spaced ndash}} actor
Eleanor Roosevelt
Elihu Root{{spaced ndash}} Nobel Peace Prize recipient
Jean Toomer - Author, "Cane"
Carl Schurz{{spaced ndash}} US Senator and Cabinet member
Jacob Schiff{{spaced ndash}} banker and philanthropist
Barney Sedran{{spaced ndash}} Basketball Hall of Famer
Charles Bunstein Stover{{spaced ndash}} New York City Parks Commissioner
Mary van Kleeck, social feminist{{cite web|last1=McClurken|first1=Kara M.|title=van Kleeck, Mary|url=http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/people/van-kleeck-mary/|website=Social Welfare History Project|date=April 22, 2011 |publisher=The Social Welfare History Project|access-date=13 June 2015}}
William English Walling{{spaced ndash}} founder, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Walter Weyl{{spaced ndash}} author; founding editor, The New Republic
Jacob Javits{{spaced ndash}} American Lawyer, Politician
Abraham Beame{{spaced ndash}} Mayor of New York City

References

Notes

Bibliography

Davis, Allen (1985, reprint). Spearheads for Reform: The Social Settlements & the Progressive Movement, 1890 to 1914. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Carson, Mina (1990). Settlement Folk: Social Thought and the American Settlement Movement, 1885–1930 University of Chicago Press.
Scheuer, Jeffrey (1986). Legacy of Light: University Settlement's First Century. New York City: University Settlement.