Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex
{{Infobox dam
| name =Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex
| image =
| image_caption =
| name_official =
| dam_crosses =Atbarah River/Setit River
| location =Sudan
| dam_type =
| dam_length ={{convert|13|km|abbr=on}}
| dam_height =Rumela: {{convert|55|m|abbr=on}}
Burdana: {{convert|50|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| dam_width_base =
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity =Rumela: {{convert|4900|m3/s|abbr=on}}
Burdana: {{convert|9400|m3/s|ft3/s|0|abbr=on}}
| construction_began =2011
| opening =2017
| cost =US$ 1.9 billion
| owner =
| res_name =
| res_capacity_total ={{convert|2700|e6m3|acre.ft|abbr=on}}
| res_catchment =
| res_surface =
| res_elevation ={{convert|517.5|m|abbr=on}}
| res_max_length =
| res_max_width =
| res_max_depth =
| plant_operator =
| plant_turbines =Rumela: 3 x {{convert|40|MW|abbr=on}} Francis-type
Burdana: 3 x 5 MW bulb
| plant_capacity ={{convert|135|MW|abbr=on}}{{cite web|title=Upper Atbara - Dam complex|url=http://www.sogreah.fr/contenu/references/refs_pdf/1_barrages/1_6_barrages/sdn_upper_atbara_dams.pdf|publisher=Sogreah Consultants|accessdate=8 February 2013}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
| plant_annual_gen ={{convert|380|GWh|abbr=on}} annually (est.)
| plant_commission =
| plant_decommission =
| location_map = Sudan
| location_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|14|16|36|N|35|53|49|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| website =
}}
The Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex is a twin dam complex comprising Rumela Dam on the Upper Atbarah River and Burdana Dam on the Setit (Tekezé) River in eastern Sudan. The site of the twin dam is located about {{convert|20|km}} upstream from the junction of the Atbarah and Setit rivers and about {{convert|80|km}} south of the Khashm el-Girba Dam. Construction began in 2011 was expected to be completed by March 2016.{{cite web |title=Twin Dam in Eastern Sudan: Rumela Dam on Upper Atbara and Burdana Dam on Setit |url=http://preservethemiddlenile.wordpress.com/2012/04/24/twin-dam-in-eastern-sudan-rumela-dam-on-upper-atbara-and-burdana-dam-on-setit |publisher=Preserve the Middle Nile |date=24 April 2012 |accessdate=8 February 2013}} The 320 MW dam was inaugurated by President Omar al-Bashir in February 2017, with final stages completed later that year.{{cite web|author=Gregory B. Poindexter|url=https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2017/02/sudan-inaugurates-us-1-9-billion-upper-atbara-and-setit-dam-hydropower-project.html|title=Sudan inaugurates US$1.9 billion Upper Atbara and Setit Dam hydropower project|publisher=HydroWorld|date=2 February 2017|accessdate=4 November 2018}}
Design
File:Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex Power Plant.jpg
Rumela Dam on the Atbarah is {{convert|55|m}} tall and Burdana Dam on the Setit is {{convert|50|m}} in height. The two dams are connected and have a total length of {{convert|13|km}}. The twin dam complex has a joined reservoir with a storage capacity of about {{convert|3.7|e9m3|acre.ft}} of water.{{Cite web|url=https://entrospace.nilebasin.org/handle/20.500.12351/566|title = Eastern Nile Irrigation Systems Performance Assessments and Options for Improvement - Sudan Country Report - NBI ENTRO| date=October 2019 }} The maximum filling level is {{convert|517.5|m}} above sea level. The project includes the construction of hydropower stations on both Rumela and Burdana dams with a total installed capacity of 320 MW, and annual firm energy of {{convert|834|GWh}}. {{cite book |year=2017 |title=Water Resources in Sudan: First Edition |url=https://wrc.uofk.edu/index.php/research/research-projects/52-water-resources-in-sudan |publisher=University of Khartoum Water Research Centre}}
Project objectives
The project was announced in April 2010 with the aims of supporting the development of eastern Sudan by providing irrigation for local agriculture, supplying potable water, and power generation. The project also aimed to increase agriculture production in the New Halfa area of Kassala currently irrigated by the Khashm el-Girba Dam, and the development of new land consisting of {{convert|504,200|ha}} in Upper Atbara.
Additionally, the dams are expected to provide flood-protection measures along the river banks by regulating the river flow in the project area.
Project costs
The total cost of the dam complex is estimated at $1.9 billion, of which $838 million for the construction of the dams is from the China Three Gorges Corporation (CTG) and its overseas project-contracting subsidiary, China International Water & Electric Corporation (CWE).{{Cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90778/90861/6944255.html|title = China signs $838 million hydro junction contract with Sudan - People's Daily Online}}
In addition to the project implementation costs are hydroelectric and electric costs, technical and consultancy service costs, land-owning and population resettlement costs, and project implementation management and supervision costs by Sudan's Dams Implementation Unit (DIU). The consultant for the project is the French company Sogreah, which also designed and supervised the implementation of the Khashm el-Girba Dam during the 1960s. The Rumela and Burdana dam designs were revised by the German Company Lahmeyer International, the same company that allegedly revised and supervised the design of the controversial Merowe Dam.
Archaeology
Archaeological surveys were undertaken in the area to be flooded by the National Corporation for Antiquities and Museums during the summer of 2011.{{cite web |url=http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=66957 |title=Sudan Vision Daily News Paper Official Website - Plan for survey, archeological rescue at Upper Atbara and Setit |website=www.sudanvisiondaily.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120601154305/http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=66957 |archive-date=2012-06-01}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{stack|{{Portal|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
- [http://preservethemiddlenile.wordpress.com/2012/04/24/twin-dam-in-eastern-sudan-rumela-dam-on-upper-atbara-and-burdana-dam-on-setit/ Profile at Preserve the Middle Nile Blog]
- [https://www.afrik21.africa/en/sudan-german-company-lahmeyer-commissions-atbara-dam/ Sudan: German company Lahmeyer commissions Atbara dam] As of 25 August 2018.
{{Authority control}}
Category:Dams in the Nile basin
Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Sudan
Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2017
Category:Renewable energy power stations in Sudan