Upper Doab

The Upper doab contains the districts of Haridwar, Saharanpur, Muzzafarnagar, Shamli,Meerut,Bagpat,Ghaziabad, Hapur, Gautam Budh Nagar, Bulandshahr and Aligarh.

The geography of this region is flat,Trivedi, K. K. (1981). HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF GANGA-YAMUNA DOAB (I3th-17th CENTURIES). Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 42, 303–309. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44141143 marred by irrigational canals and with heavy rainfallChand, M., Puri, V. K. (1983). [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=6-sPBAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&lpg=PA14&dq=Upper%20Doab&pg=PA14#v=onepage&q=Upper%20Doab&f=false Regional Planning in India]. India: Allied Publishers. p.14

The total area of the region is 9173 sq milesMukerji, Anath Bandhu, [https://repository.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/598 "Cultural Geography of the Jats of the Upper Doab, India."] (1960). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. p.37

The Upper Doab region

The Upper Doab region, and Western Uttar Pradesh as a whole were among the only places in India to benefit a lot from the Green Revolution in the 1960sPathak, H, Panda (Ed.), B.B (Ed.) & Nayak, A.(Ed.).(2019). [https://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/bitstream/123456789/31886/1/NRRI_BGREI%20Book_%20H%20Pathak.pdf Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India:Experiences and Expectations]. Indian Council of Agricultural Research National Rice Research Institute. p. v

The main crop grown in the Upper Doab is sugarcaneParashar, B. K. (2020, September 18). [https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/why-western-up-farmers-are-silent-on-centre-s-new-farm-bills/story-c7eczjL9TIsRze0uldm3vO.html Why western UP farmers are silent on Centre’s new farm bills]. Hindustan Times. the sale mechanisms of crops are different from the rest of India as opposed to the mandi system, the produce is brought directly by millsibid, Hindustan Times Sept 18, 2020

In recent Years among the problems faced by the industry is the shrinkage of farm sizes due to high population and division of farm land, allotment of land to non agricultural useSingh, R. P., & Islam, Z. (2010). [http://scienceflora.org/journals/index.php/rrst/article/download/513/498 Land use planning in Western Uttar Pradesh: Issues and challenges. Recent Research in Science and Technology], 2(9), 11–17.

The majority of the population of the region is Hindu with Muslims being a sizeable minority especially in SaharanpurGhose, D. (2022, January 30). UP polls: [https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/consolidation-of-muslim-hindu-votes-in-focus-in-saharanpur-101643566646291.html Consolidation of Muslim, Hindu votes in focus in Saharanpur]. Hindustan Times.

The primary dominant castes in the region are the Jats and Gurjars"The unambiguous assertion that the

rural landscape in western UP is solely dominated by either Jats or Gujars.

Jats and Gujars own most of the land and other castes are either landless

or very marginal landholding castes" quoted in Sahay, G. R. (2015). Dominance of Jats is unabated: Caste and dominance in the villages of western Uttar Pradesh. Contributions to Indian Sociology, 49(2), 216-249.

Kumar, S. (2022). [https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Popular_Democracy_and_the_Politics_of_Ca/ZHmHEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Upper%20Doab%20Gujjars&pg=PT42&printsec=frontcover Popular Democracy and the Politics of Caste: Rise of the Other Backward Classes in India]. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis.

These two had carved out the region amongst themselves, the Jat dominated part of the Doab was called "Herat" while the Gurjar dominated area was called "Goojerat"[https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Journal_of_the_Asiatic_Society_of_Bengal/P14xAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=goojurs&pg=RA1-PA403&printsec=frontcover Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (1865)]. India: Bishop's College Press. p.403 the Rajputs are present in Eastern parts of Hapur and Bulandshahr where the Bargurjar clan is prominent , regions adjacent to the Braj region , where some of them were Zamindars second to the Gurjars[https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Statistical_Descriptive_and_Historical_A/G9jaXsOc-tEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Bulandshahr&pg=PT7&printsec=frontcover\ Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India]: 3.:Meerut division part 2. (1876).: North-Western Provinces Government]. p.140 and rose in revolt in along with the Gurjars in 1857Tewari, J. P. (1966). THE REVOLT OF 1857 IN BULANDSHAHR DISTRICT. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 28, 365–376.

The languages spoken here are Urdu, Hindi and Gujari. The Khadiboli dialect is prominent here.(Trivedi, 1981)

The economy of the Upper Doab has largely been agrian in nature,(Bandhu, 1960. p.186) but in recent years service sector jobs have boomed in Noida,Vaibhav, V., Das, V. K., & Vaibhav, V. (2021, March 30). [https://theprint.in/opinion/the-old-bimaru-states-have-new-boom-towns-but-only-in-pockets/630861/ The old Bimaru states have new boom towns. But only in pockets. ThePrint]. Ghaziabad is the largest industrial city in Uttar PradeshJha, A. (2024, October 28). [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ghaziabad/28_noi_aj_maintenance-of-industrial-clusters-to-go-into-the-hands-of-upsida/articleshow/114689201.cms Maintenance of Ghaziabad's industrial clusters to go into hands of UPSIDA] with the most factories in the stateJha, A. (2020, October 4). [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ghaziabad/27k-factories-in-gzb-are-operating-with-80-workforce-say-officials/articleshow/78469761.cms. 27,000 factories in Ghaziabad are operating with 80% workforce, say officials] . The Times of India. The Times of India. employing around Five hundred forty thousand workers,Ravinder. (2024, August 24). [https://ghaziabadbn.com/industrial-area-of-ghaziabad/ Industrial area of ghaziabad. Ghaziabad Portal]. real estate has also been a lucrative business in the region.

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