Uromyces betae

{{short description|Species of fungus}}

{{Speciesbox

| image =

| genus = Uromyces

| species = betae

| authority = (Pers.) Tul. (1854) (Pers.) Tul., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4 2: 89 (1854)

|synonyms_ref = {{cite web |title=Species Fungorum - GSD Species |url=https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/GSDSpecies.asp?RecordID=160785 |website=www.speciesfungorum.org |access-date=25 August 2023}}

|synonyms = {{collapsible list|Nigredo betae (Pers.) Arthur

• Aecidium betae {{Au|J.G. Kühn, in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. exsicc. Klotzschii herbarii vivi mycologici continuatio, Edn nova. Series secunda, Cent. 14: no. 1393 (1870)}}
• Coeomurus betae {{Au|(Pers.) Kuntze [as 'Caeomurus'], Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(3): 449 (1898)}}
• Nigredo betae {{Au|(Pers.) Arthur, N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 7(3): 245 (1920)}}
• Trichobasis betae {{Au|(Pers.) Niessl, Verh. nat. Ver. Brünn 3: 115 (1864)}}
• Uredo betae {{Au|Pers., Syn. meth. fung. (Göttingen) 1: 220 (1801)}}
• Uredo beticola {{Au|Westend. [as 'betaecola'], Herb. crypt. Belg.: no. 1170 (1857)}}
• Uredo beticola {{Au|Bellynck, in Westendorp, Bull. Acad. R. Sci. Belg., Cl. Sci., sér. 2 11(6): 650 (1861)}}
• Uredo cincta ß betae {{Au|(Pers.) F. Strauss, Ann. Wetter. Gesellsch. Ges. Naturk. 2: 96 (1811)}}
• Uromyces betae {{Au|(Pers.) Lév., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 8: 375 (1847)}}
• Uromyces beticola {{Au|(Bellynck) Boerema, Loer. & Hamers, Neth. Jl Pl. Path. 93(suppl.): 17 (1987)}} }}

}}

Uromyces betae is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting beet (Beta vulgaris).

It was originally published as Uredo betae {{Au|Pers. 1801}} before it was transferred to the Uromyces genus.

Sugar beet rust was first described in Canada in 1935,(Newton and Peturson 1943),{{cite journal |last1=Newton |first1=M. |last2=Peturson |first2=B. |title=Uromyces betae in Canada. |journal=Phytopathology |date=1943 |volume=33 |page=10}} and then reported in Europe in 1988 (O'Sullivan).{{cite journal |last1=O'Sullivan |first1=E. |title=Responses of sugar beet cultivars to the control of rust (Uromyces betae). |journal=Irish J. Agric. Food Res. |date=1997 |volume=36 |pages=175-184}}

It is a rust which affects only beet, causing brown-orange spotting of the plant's leaves with rusty pustules of urediniospores at the centre of the spots. The rust can stay on overwintered seed crops or as teliospores which contaminate seed storage.

Severe rust attacks to the crop can cause yield losses (of about 15% of root weight and 1% of sugar content). EPPO Standards - European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, GUIDELINES ON GOOD PLANT PROTECTION PRACTICE :BEET -PP 2/13(1) English or up to 10% in the United Kingdom.{{cite journal |last1=Kaczmarek |first1=Agata M. |last2=King |first2=Kevin M. |last3=West |first3=Jonathan S. |last4=Stevens |first4=Mark |last5=Sparkes |first5=Debbie |last6=Dickinson |first6=Matthew J. |title=A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Rapid and Specific Detection of Airborne Inoculum of Uromyces betae (Sugar Beet Rust) |journal=Plant Disease |date=March 2019 |volume=103 |issue=3 |pages=417-421. |doi=10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0337-RE |pmid=30652960|doi-access=free }}

Other hosts of the fungus includes, sugar beet, beetroot, spinach beet, mangolds and wild beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima), Beta vulgaris, Beta cycla and Beta rapa.{{cite web |title=Rust |url=https://agrobaseapp.com/united-kingdom/disease/rust-1 |website=agrobaseapp.com |access-date=25 August 2023}}

It is found in; Africa (within Algeria, Canary Islands, Libya, Madeira, Morocco and S. Africa); Asia (within Israel, Iran and U.S.S.R.); Australasia (within Australia, New Zealand and Tasmania); Europe (within Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Czechoslovakia, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Great Britain, Holland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Malta, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Yugoslavia); North America (within Canada, Mexico and U.S.A.) and also in South America (within Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Uruguay).