User:Doom/Sandbox
I'm temporarily leaving this material here for now, though it's been
exported to the style guide. The "live" location is now:
Wikipedia:Be cautious with compliments and mass attribution
This page is a proposed replacement to two disputed nodes in the Style Guide:
- Avoid peacock terms (disputed)
- Avoid weasel terms (disputed)
See the "discussion" page.
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== Be cautious with compliments and mass attribution ==
Quite often the only good way to perform a quick
introduction to a subject is something like this:
:"War and Peace" is widely regarded as Tolstoy's greatest novel.
However, this use of a compliment attributed to consensus
opinion has it's dangers (and has been derided by some
wikipedians as the use of "peacock terms" and "weasel
words"). This idiom should be used only with restraint.
One problem that authors need to watch out for is that when
writing this evaluation, too much of your own opinion of the
subject may leak through. For example, when writing an
article about a musical group, it's likely that you
yourself are very enthusiastic about it, but
your immediate purpose should be to describe the material to
someone who is unfamiliar with it, not to declare your
enthusiasm.
Even when discussing a human evaluation like "popularity",
you should strive for accuracy: was the music
widely popular in a particular country; was it popular
among fans of a certain kind of music; was it critically
well-regarded? Can you support your statements with any
factual references (sales figures, quotations from critics,
etc)?
If you find yourself using large amounts of vague
attributions or gushing superlatives without any follow-up
support, you probably need to think some more about what an
encyclopedia article is for.
Consider the wikipedia entry for William_Shakespeare. The
lead paragraph contains many complimentary phrases, for
example:
:"... considered by many to have been the greatest writer the English language has ever known"
To begin with this article skips the problem of defining what
group of people hold this opinion ("many"?) and the statement
may seem vague at first (great in what way?), but the article
quickly goes on to explain what Shakespeare is known for, and
it even goes as far as to provide evidence of his popularity.
The opening statement is well-supported, and the entire
introduction is brief: the bulk of the article consists
of indisputably factual material.
== Peacocks and Weasels ==
Here are some common examples of phrases that may be warnings of a disguised lack of Neutrality:
= Superlative Compliments (aka "Peacock Terms") =
- "an important..."
- "one of the most important..."
- "one of the best..."
- "the most influential..."
- "a significant..."
= Vague Mass Attribution (aka "Weasel Words") =
- "Some people say..."
- "...is widely regarded as..."
- "...is widely considered..."
- "...has been called..."
- "It is believed that..."
- "It has been suggested/noticed/decided..."
- "Some people believe..."
- "It has been said that..."
- "Some would say..."
- "Legend has it that..."
- "Critics say that..."
Frequent usage of these phrases conveys the impression that
an author is attempting to pass off an opinion-piece as an
encylopedia article.
However, we can not go as far as to say that they should
be completely avoided. There are many cases where they
can be useful, such as at the beginning of an article,
where there's a need to present some general evaluation
of the subject; an expression of the subject's place in
the constellation of human knowledge. Before launching
into a mass of factual data such as biography or
bibliography, an article should explain why the
reader might care about this information.