User:Jvbishop/celltheorydraft

Cell theory deals with the nature of the cell and its role and importance in life. Cell theory as currently accepted can be broken into several different postulates and two exemptions.

This postulate states that the cell is a contained independent structure. Every cell had its own independent existence, i.e. carried out its own respiration, metabolism, etc., and, most importantly, had the ability to reproduce. This was the idea two German biologists called Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann who proposed the idea in 1838http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC00890398&id=m9kHAAAAIAAJ&dq=theodor+Schwann.

Definition of orgasnism

All cells have as their origin a biologic creation through cellular division.

All cells carry hereditary information in the form of DNA and RNA which can be transmitted to the daughter cells.

This postulates that all cells are made of the same basic building blocks of life. The main building block is the protein, a complex organic molecule, made of several amino acids. Virtually all cellular machinery is made of proteins. Other main chemical components of cells include carbohydrates, lipids, and

The view that viruses are alive is a conscientious one and not held by the majority of virologists.{{fact}} For those that do hold that viruses are alive they view viruses as an exemption to the accepted version of cell theory.

This referers to a theory known as abiogenesis.

Scientific theories are generally the result of many observations made be many scientists. Cell theory is no different. Credit for a theory is often given to the first researcher who postulates the theory in such a way so as to gain wide acceptance for the theory among scientists.Stephen I Hajdu, 2002. Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, vol 32, pg 98-100. A Note from History: Introduction of the Cell Theory Many discoveries went into the forming of cell theory but it was not until the Release of Theodor Schwann's {book name}.

The cell was first discovered and named by Robert Hooke in 1663. He remarked that it looked strangely similar to cellula or small rooms which monks inhabited, thus deriving the name. However what Hooke actually saw was the dead cell walls of plant cells also known as cork{{fact}}. These cell walls lacked the nucleus and other organelles found in most living cells. The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who in 1674 described the algae Spirogyra{{fact}}. van Leeuwenhoek also described bacteria which he referred to as animalcules{{fact}}.

Image:Cork_Micrographia_Hooke.png as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word "cell".]]

The first scientist to recognize the commonality of structure in making up both plants and animals was Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel who in 1809 stated that {{cquote|Plants are made up of cells, all parts of which are in continuity and form one and the same membranous tissueBrisseau de Mirbel, Charles-François 1809,Exposition de la théorie de l'organisation végétale}} The naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck also recognized that living things were made of cells, extending the idea beyond plants to all living organisms saying {{cquote|Thus every living body is essentially a mass of cellular tissueLamarck, Jean-Baptiste 1809, Philosophie Zoologique}} Both Mirbel and Lamarck saw living things as being made of cells but did not see cells as a distinct primary part of living structures but rather thought of cells as the membranes surrounding the spaces rather than the spaces themselves.Karling, John S. 1939, "Schleiden's Contribution to Cell theory", The American Naturalist, Vol.73 pgs 517-537. The idea of cells were separable into individual units was proposed by Ludolph Christian TreviranusTreviranus, Ludolph Christian 1811, "Beyträge zur Pflanzenphysiologie" and Johann Jacob Paul MoldenhawerMoldenhawer, Johann Jacob Paul 1812, "Beyträge zur Anatomie der Pflanzen". All of this finally led to Henri Dutrochet formulating one of the fundamental tenets of modern cell theory by declaring that {{cquote|The cell is the fundamental element of organizationDutrochet, Henri 1824, "Anatomical and Physiological Researches on the Intimate Structures of Animals and Plants, and Their Motility"}}

Credit for developing Cell Theory is usually given to two scientists, Theodor Schwann, a zoologist and Matthias Jakob Schleiden, a botanist. In 1839 these two scientists suggestesd that cells were the basic unit of life. Their theory accepted the first two tenets of modern cell theory. However the cell theory of Schleiden differered from modern cell theory in that it proposed a method of spontaneous crystallization that he called "Free Cell Formation"Schleiden, Matthias Jakob 1839,"Contributions to Phytogenesis".

Rudolph Virchow

{{Reflist}}

• http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/unity/cell.text.htm
• http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cells/cells3.html
• http://www.edu.pe.ca/vrcs/2003/courses/9science/timeline.htm
• http://www2.bc.edu/~strother/GE_146/lectures/12.html
• http://www.cellsalive.com

cs:Buněčná teorie

de:Zelltheorie

es:Teoría celular

ps:د سلول تيوري

ro:Teoria celulară

ru:Клеточная теория

simple:Cell theory

zh:细胞学说