User:Kwamikagami#Proto-human (language)

{{Periodic table (left step)}}

{{collapse top|1=Thanks to Angr. My prefs:}}

• -our/-or: US (etymology, derivation: honorary, humorous, vigorous; length)
• -re/-er: UK (etymology, derivation, but counterexamples sober/sobriety, enter/entrance; on the other hand, centre/centering)
• -ise/-ize: US/UK -ize (already in both countries, etymology, disambiguation)
• -ogue/-og; -gramme/-gram, -fence/-fense, -exion/-ection: US (etymology, derivation, uniformity, tech shift in UK)
• ae,oe / e: US (length)
• ll/l: US (stress rules, but UK woollen)
• l/ll: US (derivation, stress rules)
• license and practice: US (derivation, pronunciation, collapse spurious N/Vb distinction)
• grey, cosy, vice (tool), mollusc, pyjamas, artefact, calliper, moustache, camomile (UK)
• disk, tire, skeptic, carburetor, check, jewelry (US)
• ax(e), mo(u)ld, mo(u)lt, plow/plough, liquorice/licorice, yog(h)urt (who cares)
• story, cipher, draft, sulfur (other form being abandoned in UK; Royal Society now 'sulfur')

but

• alumin(i)um

doesn't belong because it's not just a spelling difference (IUPAC usage is aluminium.)

Additional:

• judgement, acknowledgement: UK (derivation)
• curb: US (collapse curb/kerb distinction)

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By comparing basic vocabulary across the established families of oral languages of the world, we have been able to reconstruct the Proto-Human language. We find that all reconstructed words are *na. An extension of this method to additional lexical items (in other basic word lists) finds that those items also reconstruct to *na. We therefore conclude that the ancestral human population used the word *na for everything.

Cf. [https://www.zompist.com/chance.htm How likely are chance resemblances between languages?]

Responses in an opinion poll need to be separated by 2σ for the difference to be considered significant. (A difference of 2σ gives a 97.7% probability,[http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=CDF[NormalDistribution[0%2C+1]%2C+2]]; a difference of 1.65σ is 95% probable.[http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=CDF[NormalDistribution[0%2C+1]%2C+1.65]])

The p = 0.1 for 95% significance that a poll result is actually above a specific percentage is 1.28σ. That is, a poll result must be 1.28σ above 50% to be able to say with 95% confidence that there is majority support.[http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=CDF#0091;NormalDistribution#0091;0%2C+1#0093;%2C+1.28#0093;]

From the math ref desk:

:The problem of computing mean value and standard deviation for the result of polls is solved here: https://www.academia.edu/3247833/Statistical_induction_and_prediction. If the first poll shows X₁ ≈ μ₁ ± σ₁ and the second poll shows X₂ ≈ μ₂ ± σ₂ , then compute the difference X = X₁ − X₂ ≈ (μ₁ ± σ₁) − (μ₂ ± σ₂) = (μ₁ − μ₂) ± √(σ₁² + σ₂²) = μ ± σ . Compute the quotient U = μ/σ . If, say, U=2.7, then try www.wolframalpha.com with input CDF[NormalDistribution[0, 1], 2.7] , and get the probability 0.996533. Bo Jacoby (talk) 06:37, 22 April 2014 (UTC).

The sampling error z for 95% confidence (p=0.05) is 1.96σ. Thus the above would be 0.653 and 0.842 z.

• MediaWiki:Gadget-charinsert-core.js

Search with e.g. {{search link|insource:"redirect Alvinellidae"}} or {{search link|"redirect Alvinellidae"}} to find redirects that show up in "what links here" as normal links because they're under discussion.

FontForge: File > Execute Script

:paste in:

::SelectWorthOutputting(); foreach Export("svg"); endloop;

:select "FF" radial button.

:hit OK

Will save to 'home' folder.

modify User:.../common.js with:

// Add custom CharInsert entries

window.charinsertCustom = {

"Wiki markup": ' Lang: {\{lang||+}} {\{lang-|+}} {\{transl||+}}',

};

etc.

{{tl|CSS image crop}} to display part of an img/map

WP:JWB

WP-en: [{{fullurl:Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Script}} JWB]

{{angbr|$x}} is equivalent to the magic word {{PAGENAME}} (copies the page name into the text).

go to local Special:Kwamikagami/common.js or User:Kwamikagami/common.js and write:

:mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joeytje50/JWB.js/load.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript');

• [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Pywikibot/pagefromfile.py pagefromfile.py]

AWB to check non-IPA in IPA templates for all edits by user Lingnanhua

• ISO updates: merge Kadazan/Dusun, split 2 varieties off to Rungus. PNG SL.
• S.Twa also indigenous, like Kwisi etc. (Inskepe). Kwisi may have once had cattle?
• expand kantenji

maybe fix language infobox so E17 fn's in eg Kagwahiva language link better. maybe code-link (name) as w Glotto.

;Language updates now that Glottolog codes finished

finish Pama–Nyungan languages classfj

fix Sak language: glotto includes Pyu & rem. Taman (split/merge Bodo-Garo too?)

fix Zeme languages when rem. spurious

break up Central Plateau languages

fix Iwam languages

merge Mambiloid languages unclass.

break up Banggi languages?

break up Li'o language per classification

does Baloi language not belong in libi1251 Ngiri language?

{{User:Kwamikagami/barnstars}}

de:Benutzer:Kwamikagami

eo:Uzanto:Kwamikagami

es:Usuario:Kwamikagami

fr:Utilisateur:Kwamikagami

ja:利用者:Kwamikagami

ru:Участник:Kwamikagami